Judah HeHasid (Jerusalem): Difference between revisions

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See Judah he-Hasid (disambiguation) for other people who used this name.

Judah he-Hasid Segal ha-Levi^[1] (Hebrew: יְהוּדָה‎ הֶחָסִיד, romanized: Yəhūdā heḤasīd, lit. 'Judah the Pious'; c. 1660 in Siedlce – 19 October 1700 in Jerusalem, Ottoman Syria) was a Jewish preacher who led the largest organized group of Jewish immigrants to the Land of Israel in the 17th and 18th centuries.

Departure from Europe

Judah traveled from one Jewish community to another throughout Poland, urging repentance, asceticism, physical mortifications, and calling for aliyah.

In 1697, he and 31 families of his followers left for Moravia and made a stop at Nikolsburg. Judah spent a year traveling throughout Germany and Moravia gaining followers. Many joined the group, influenced by his fervor. By the time the whole group gathered in Italy, they numbered about 1,500.

Almost a third of the pilgrims died of hardships and illnesses during the trip. On the way, they contracted debts, and in exchange for permission to enter the Ottoman Empire they were forced to give the Turkish authorities financial guarantees in the name of Jerusalem's Jewish community.

Arrival in Jerusalem

The group arrived in Jerusalem on October 14, 1700. At that time, about 200 Ashkenazi and about 1,000 Sephardi Jews lived in the city, mostly on charities from the Jewish diaspora. The sudden influx of between 500 and 1,000 Ashkenazim ^[2] produced a crisis: the local community was unable to help such a large group. In addition, some of the newcomers were suspected to be Sabbateans,^[3] whom the local Jews viewed with hostility. The situation grew worse when Judah He-Hasid died within days of his arrival to Jerusalem. He is buried on the Mount of Olives.

Emissaries were sent to the Council of the Four Lands for aid, but it did not arrive.

Legacy

Some of the Ashkenazi Jews moved to other cities (mainly Jewish holy cities other than Jerusalem: Hebron, Tiberias, and Safed). Others started to dress like Sephardi Jews.

The synagogue, called Hurvat Yehudah He-Hasid (Destroyed Place of Judah He-Hasid), was rebuilt in 1864 by the Perushim, becoming the chief Ashkenazi synagogue in Jerusalem. The building was destroyed by the Arab Legion in 1948. It was then rebuilt and rededicated in 2010.

References

^ Folktales of the Jews: Tales from the Sephardic dispersion p. 38
^ Sources vary on the number:The Churva, by Dovid Rossoff puts the number at "over 500"; others put it at 1000.
^ Aviezer Ravitzky. Messianism, Zionism, and Jewish religious radicalism. 1996, page 228

External links

The Land of Promise: The Return to Zion March 27, 2003 (Israel MFA)
Pre-Zionism Archived 2006-10-23 at the Wayback Machine (Jewish Agency for Israel)

[1] Folktales of the Jews: Tales from the Sephardic dispersion p. 38

[2] Sources vary on the number:The Churva, by Dovid Rossoff puts the number at "over 500"; others put it at 1000.

[3] Aviezer Ravitzky. Messianism, Zionism, and Jewish religious radicalism. 1996, page 228

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|17th-century Jewish preacher}}
-:''See [[Judah he-Hasid]] for other people who used this name.''
+{{more citations needed|date=November 2017}}
+:''See [[Judah he-Hasid (disambiguation)]] for other people who used this name.''
 {{Yishuv haYashan}}
-'''Judah he-Hasid Segal ha-Levi'''<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=vW-9E_fFSOUC&pg=PA39&dq=%22the+hurvah+synagogue%22&lr=&cd=10#v=onepage&q=%22the%20hurvah%20synagogue%22&f=false Folktales of the Jews: Tales from the Sephardic dispersion] p. 38</ref> ({{lang-he|יהודה החסיד}} ''Yehudah he-Hasid'', "Judah the Pious"; ca. 1660, [[Siedlce]] – October 17, 1700, [[Jerusalem]], [[Ottoman Syria]]) was a [[Jew]]ish [[Maggid|preacher]] who led the largest organized group of Jewish [[immigrant]]s to the [[Land of Israel]] in the 17th and 18th centuries.
+'''Judah he-Hasid Segal ha-Levi'''<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=vW-9E_fFSOUC&dq=%22the+hurvah+synagogue%22&pg=PA39 Folktales of the Jews: Tales from the Sephardic dispersion] p. 38</ref> ({{langx|he|יְהוּדָה‎ הֶחָסִיד|Yəhūdā heḤasīd|Judah the Pious}}; c. 1660 in [[Siedlce]] – 19 October 1700 in [[Jerusalem]], [[Ottoman Syria]]) was a [[Maggid|Jewish preacher]] who led the largest organized group of [[Aliyah|Jewish immigrant]]s to the [[Land of Israel]] in the 17th and 18th centuries.
 {{TOC left}}
 ==Departure from Europe==
-Judah traveled from one Jewish community to another throughout [[Poland]], urging [[Repentance in Judaism|repentance]], [[ascetism]], physical mortifications, and calling for [[aliyah]].
+Judah traveled from one Jewish community to another throughout [[Poland]], urging [[Repentance in Judaism|repentance]], [[asceticism]], physical mortifications, and calling for ''[[aliyah]]''.
 In 1697, he and 31 families of his followers left for [[Moravia]] and made a stop at [[Mikulov|Nikolsburg]]. Judah spent a year traveling throughout Germany and Moravia gaining followers. Many joined the group, influenced by his fervor. By the time the whole group gathered in Italy, they numbered about 1,500.
@@ Line 13: / Line 16: @@
 ==Arrival in Jerusalem==
-The group arrived in [[Jerusalem]] on October 14, 1700. At that time, about 200 [[Ashkenazi]] and about 1,000 [[Sephardi]] Jews lived in the city, mostly on charities from the [[Jewish diaspora]]. The sudden influx of between 500 to 1,000 Ashkenazim <ref>Sources vary on the number:[http://www.jewishmag.com/4MAG/ISRAEL/israel.htm The Churva, by Dovid Rossoff] puts the number at "over 500"; others put it at 1000.</ref> produced a crisis: the local community was unable to help such a large group. In addition, some of the newcomers were suspected to be [[Sabbatean]]s,<ref>Aviezer Ravitzky. ''Messianism, Zionism, and Jewish religious radicalism''. 1996, page 228</ref> whom the local Jews viewed with hostility. The situation grew worse when Judah He-Hasid died within days of his arrival to Jerusalem. He is buried on the [[Mount of Olives]].
+The group arrived in [[Jerusalem]] on October 14, 1700. At that time, about 200 [[Ashkenazi]] and about 1,000 [[Sephardi]] Jews lived in the city, mostly on charities from the [[Jewish diaspora]]. The sudden influx of between 500 and 1,000 Ashkenazim <ref>Sources vary on the number:[http://www.jewishmag.com/4MAG/ISRAEL/israel.htm The Churva, by Dovid Rossoff] puts the number at "over 500"; others put it at 1000.</ref> produced a crisis: the local community was unable to help such a large group. In addition, some of the newcomers were suspected to be [[Sabbatean]]s,<ref>Aviezer Ravitzky. ''Messianism, Zionism, and Jewish religious radicalism''. 1996, page 228</ref> whom the local Jews viewed with hostility. The situation grew worse when Judah He-Hasid died within days of his arrival to Jerusalem. He is buried on the [[Mount of Olives]].
-Emissaries were sent to the [[Council of the Four Lands]] for aid, but it didn't arrive.
+Emissaries were sent to the [[Council of the Four Lands]] for aid, but it did not arrive.
-==Ban on Ashkenazim==
-The newcomers went deeper into debt to build a small [[synagogue]]. In 1720, Arab creditors broke into the synagogue, set it on fire, and took over the area.
-The Turkish authorities blamed all Ashkenazi Jews for the mess, refused to make a distinction between the old Jerusalem community and the newcomers, held them collectively responsible for the debts, and banned all Ashkenazim from the area.
 ==Legacy==
@@ Line 30: / Line 28: @@
 ==References==
+{{reflist}}
-<div class=
-"references-small">
-{{Reflist}}</div>
 ==External links==
 *[http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/MFAArchive/2000_2009/2003/3/The+Land+of+Promise-+The+Return+to+Zion.htm The Land of Promise: The Return to Zion] March 27, 2003 (Israel MFA)
-*[http://www.jewishagency.org/JewishAgency/English/Jewish+Education/Jewish+History/Zionist+History Pre-Zionism] ([[Jewish Agency for Israel]])
+*[http://www.jewishagency.org/JewishAgency/English/Jewish+Education/Jewish+History/Zionist+History Pre-Zionism] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061023195531/http://www.jewishagency.org/JewishAgency/English/Jewish+Education/Jewish+History/Zionist+History |date=2006-10-23 }} ([[Jewish Agency for Israel]])
+{{authority control}}
-{{Persondata
-| name              = Hehasid, Judah
-| alternative names =
-| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Polish rabbi
-| date of birth     =
-| place of birth    =
-| date of death     = 1700
-| place of death    =
-}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Hehasid, Judah}}
-[[Category:Polish rabbis]]
-[[Category:Rabbis in Ottoman Syria]]
-[[Category:Polish Jews]]
-[[Category:Jewish mysticism]]
-[[Category:Islam and Judaism]]
-[[Category:Aliyah in ancient times]]
 [[Category:1660s births]]
 [[Category:1700 deaths]]
+[[Category:Aliyah]]
 [[Category:Burials at the Jewish cemetery on the Mount of Olives]]
+[[Category:Forerunners of Zionism]]
+[[Category:Islam and Judaism]]
+[[Category:Jewish mysticism]]
+[[Category:Clergy from Jerusalem]]
+[[Category:People from Siedlce]]
+[[Category:Polish emigrants to the Ottoman Empire]]
+[[Category:17th-century Polish rabbis]]
+[[Category:Polish Zionists]]
+[[Category:Ashkenazi rabbis in Ottoman Palestine]]

Authority control databases
International	VIAF
National	Israel