Dejan (despot): Difference between revisions

Dejan
Dejan
sevastokrator and despot of the Serbian Empire
	Dejan and his wife, fresco from the Zemen Monastery.
Serbian imperial magnate
Reign	sevastokrator (fl. 1346–55); despot (fl. 1355–58+);
Other titles	vojvoda (војвода), general; sevastokrator (севастократор), second-highest court title at that time; despot (деспот), highest court title at that time; (possibly) logotet (логотет), state secretary;
Born	Serbian Kingdom
Died	between 1366 and 1371; Serbian Empire
Noble family	Dejanović
Spouse	Teodora Nemanjić
Issue	Jovan; Konstantin; Teodora;

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Dejan (Serbian Cyrillic: Дејан;^[a] fl. 1346 – c. 1366) was a magnate who served Serbian Emperor Stefan Dušan (r. 1331–55) as sevastokrator, and Emperor Uroš V (r. 1355–71) as despot. He was married to Emperor Dušan's sister Teodora, and possessed a large province in the Kumanovo region, east of Skopska Crna Gora. It initially included the old župe (counties) of Žegligovo and Preševo (modern Kumanovo region with Sredorek, Kozjačija and the larger part of Pčinja). Uroš V later gave Dejan the Upper Struma river with Velbužd (Kyustendil). Dejan rebuilt the Zemen Monastery,^[1] one of Dejan's endowments, among others, as he also reconstructed several church buildings throughout his province.

Dejan was one of the prominent figures of Dušan's reign and during the fall of the Serbian Empire after Dušan's death. Dejan is the progenitor of the Dejanović noble family, with his two sons, despot Jovan and gospodin Konstantin, also becoming powerful during the fall of the Serbian Empire and the ensuing Ottoman period.

Life

Origin

Dejan had married Teodora, the sister of King Stefan Dušan, and received the title of sevastokrator in 1346, upon Stefan Dušan's crowning as Emperor. Dejan's origin is deemed unknown.^[2] Earlier scholars believed that Dejan was a relative of Jovan Oliver, another magnate in Macedonia, but this is no longer accepted.^[3] K. J. Jireček suggested that he was vojvoda Dejan Manjak (Дејан Мањак),^[2] only found mentioned in a 1333 charter, in which Stefan Dušan officially sold Ston and Prevlaka to the Republic of Ragusa.^[2]^[4]

Stefan Dušan's reign

On Easter, 16 April 1346, Stefan Dušan convoked a massive assembly at Skopje, attended by the Serbian Archbishop Joanikije II, the Archbishop of Ochrid Nikolaj I, the Bulgarian Patriarch Simeon and various religious leaders of Mount Athos. The autocephalous Serbian Archbishopric was raised to the status of a Patriarchate. The new Patriarch, Joanikije II, now solemnly crowned Dušan as "Emperor and autocrat of Serbs and Romans (Greeks)". Dušan had his son Uroš V crowned King, giving him nominal rule over the Serbian lands, and although Dušan ruled the whole state, he had special responsibility for the "Roman", i.e. Greek lands, in the south. There was a further increase in the Byzantinization of the Serbian court, especially in court ceremonies and titles.^[5] From his new position, Dušan could grant titles only possible for an emperor to grant, such as despot, sevastokrator, and ćesar.^[5]^[6]^[7] Among the Serbian magnates were:^[8]

despot Simeon Uroš, Dušan's half-brother, duke of Epirus and Acarnania
despot Jovan Asen, Dušan's brother-in-law, governor in southern Albania
despot Jovan Oliver, Dušan's close associate, vojvoda and governor in Ovče Pole and left Vardar
sevastokrator Dejan, Dušan's brother-in-law, governor of Pčinja
sevastokrator Branko, Dušan's relative, governor of Ohrid
ćesar Preljub, Dušan's son-in-law, vojvoda and governor of Thessaly
ćesar Vojihna, Dušan's relative, vojvoda and governor of Drama
ćesar Grgur, Dušan's relative (son of Branko), vojvoda and governor of Polog

The raising of the Serbian Patriarchate resulted in bishops becoming metropolitans.^[5] The Serbian ruler had wide autocratic powers, but was surrounded and advised by a permanent council of magnates (velikaši or velmože) and prelates. The court, chancellery and administration were rough copies of those of Constantinople.^[5]

In 1354, when Dejan had finished building the Arhiljevica Church of the Holy Mother of God, his endowment, he asked that some of the villages under his administration be granted to the church (as metochion).^[9] According to Stefan Dušan's charter to Arhiljevica dated 10 August 1354,^[9] sevastokrator Dejan, whom he called his brother ("брат царства ми севастократор Дејан"),^[10] possessed a large province east of Skopska Crna Gora. It included the old župe (counties) of Žegligovo and Preševo (modern Kumanovo region with Sredorek, Kozjačija and the larger part of Pčinja).^[11] The granted villages included: village Podlešane with hamlets, village Arhiljevica at the church with hamlets, village Izvor, village Ruginci (Ruǵince), selište (arable land) Mokra Poljana (Mokro Polje), village Maistorije, selište Maistorije Krupnici, selište Prusci (Rusce), selište Vrdun, selište Prvevo, selište Deikovo (Dejlovce), selište Vrače (Vračevce), selište Sedlar, selište Mekša and village Glaže (Glažnja). A total of 9 villages, 9 selište and a few hamlets.^[9] Based on the charter, Arhiljevica was situated where the granted villages of Podlešane, Izvor and Rućinci lay, on the slopes of Jezer (Kumanovska Crna Gora).^[12] The fact that Dejan built Arhiljevica rather than renovated it is evidence of his economic strength.^[13] Apart from Dejan's granted villages, Dušan also granted, on his behalf as a gift, the church and village of Gospoždino Polje (lost^[9]), village Koznica Kričanovska (Gorna- and Dolna Koznitsa) and village Strojkovo (lost^[9]), situated in the Velbužd region.^[9]^[13]

Dejan was one of the prominent figures of Dušan's reign and during the subsequent fall of the Serbian Empire, after Dušan's death.^[13]^[14] Under Emperor Dušan, despot Jovan Oliver, with his brother Bogdan and sevastokrator Dejan, ruled over all of eastern Macedonia.^[15] Dejan is not mentioned much in Dušan's military endeavors, although his reputation and that of his successors suggest that he was involved in most of Dušan's successes.^[14] His prominence beyond Serbia is also evident from the fact that Pope Innocent VI addressed Dejan in 1355, asking him to support the creation of the union between the Catholic Church and the Serbian Orthodox Church (such letters were sent to the highest nobility and the church).^[14]^[16]

Uroš V's reign

Dejan received the title of despot sometime after August 1355, either from Emperor Dušan, who died on 20 December 1355, or from his heir Uroš V,^[17] most likely the latter.^[13]^[14] During the rule of Uroš V, Dejan was entrusted with the administration of the territory between South Morava, Pčinja, Skopska Crna Gora (his hereditary lands) and in the east, Upper Struma river with Velbužd (Kyustendil), a province notably larger than he had possessed during Dušan's life.^[14]^[18]^[19] This province was located in the very heart of the Balkans,^[12] and the important Via de Zenta, a trade route connecting the Adriatic with the interior of the Balkans, crossed it. As the only despot, Dejan held the highest title in the Empire (this had earlier been the veliki vojvoda, Jovan Oliver).^[20] Dejan's daughter Teodora married Žarko, the lord of Lower Zeta, in 1356.^[21]

Serbian historian M. Blagojević supported the view in historiography that Dejan also served as logotet (fl. 1362–1365), mentioned as the envoy of Emperor Uroš alongside ćesar Grgur in the peace talks with the Republic of Ragusa, which had been at war with Vojislav Vojinović in southern Dalmatia.^[22] The peace was concluded on 22 August 1362, in Onogošt (Nikšić), and the Emperor's charter confirmed the "old laws" and other laws regarding the Ragusans.^[22]^[23]^[24] Dejan and Grgur each received 100 ducats.^[24]

Until Vojislav's death in December 1363, the Serbian nobles in the Greek lands showed themselves more ambitious, as they held more titles and greater independence (deriving from their more extensive possessions, and therefore, wealth) in relation to the nobility of the old Serbian lands.^[25] While Vojislav lived, his influence secured the preeminence of the old Serbian nobility.^[25] After Vojislav's death, Vukašin Mrnjavčević, who had previously served Emperor Dušan as a župan (count, holder of a župa, a "county" or "district") of Prilep, quickly gained a decisive influence on Emperor Uroš V. The nobility in the old Serbian lands was not at first alarmed at this, but Vukašin's ambition and his subsequent power moves woke up the simmering antagonism between the two groups.^[25] It was not only Vukašin's endless ambition that led to his success, as he had plenty of support from other nobles who benefited from him.^[25]

It is not known for certain when Dejan died, as no Serbian or foreign sources have been found with information that could give historians clues to which year he died.^[26] S. Mandić said it may have been as early as 1358, and that Vukašin, who until then was veliki vojvoda, took Dejan's place as despot, and in turn Jovan Uglješa became veliki vojvoda.^[27] V. Ćorović believed it to have been sometime after the death of Vojislav (1363).^[21] M. Rajičić concluded that it was between 1366 and 1371,^[12] as he believed Jovan Oliver to have held his lands at least to 1366, and based on that the Pčinja pomenik (memorial book) said that Dejan had died after Jovan Oliver (this is refuted by S. Mandić).^[28] S. Mandić also believed that it was unlikely that Dejan took monastic vows before his death, as his children were still young.^[28] His wife Teodora took monastic vows as Evdokija and lived in Strumica and Velbužd, and she would until her death sign as basilissa (Empress), as did: Ana-Marija, the wife of Jovan Oliver; Marija, wife of despot Toma Preljubović; and Jefimija, the wife of Uglješa.^[29]

Dejan built and reconstructed several churches and monasteries throughout his province,^[30] including the rebuilding of the Zemen Monastery^[1] and the lost Arhiljevica Church. His two sons Jovan and Konstantin later became rulers of his domain.

Aftermath

After the death of Dejan, his province, except for the župe of Žegligovo and Upper Struma, was appropriated to nobleman Vlatko Paskačić, whose hereditary land was Slavište directly to the south.^[25] Vukašin Mrnjavčević, of whom there are no notable mentions until 1365, became more powerful (ultimately the most powerful nobleman in Macedonia) after the deaths of Vojislav Vojinović,^[25] Dejan and despot Jovan Oliver (whose status in Macedonia was very high), as Vukašin's rise would have been unlikely during the lifetime of these men.^[21] Vukašin's younger brother Jovan Uglješa is also thought to have participated in the dismemberment of Dejan's province, as he used this chance to take the provinces which bordered on the oblast (province) of Ser (Serres).^[25] No one looked to the young sons of Dejan who would later become very important.^[25] Dejan's death benefited Vukašin and Jovan Uglješa, not so much in territorial expansion (which is not so sure), but because Dejan's disappearance ended any stronger candidate to counter the Mrnjavčević family.^[25]

Like his father before, Dejan's eldest son Jovan received the title of despot from Emperor Uroš.^[31] He and his brother later received most of Jovan Oliver's lands.^[3] It is not known why Jovan Oliver's sons did not inherit his lands. Serbian historian V. Ćorović attributed this to turmoil and disorder, though it is not known what extent it developed to and what the consequences were.^[21] Earlier scholars believed that the Dejanović were relatives of Jovan Oliver, although this is no longer accepted.^[3] The Dejanović brothers ruled a spacious province in eastern Macedonia,^[31] in the southern lands of the Empire, and remained loyal to Uroš V until his death.^[3] Emperor Uroš V died childless on 2/4 December 1371, after many of the Serbian nobility had been killed in the Battle of Maritsa against the Ottomans earlier that year. This marked an end to the once powerful Serbian Empire. Vukašin's son Marko, who had earlier been crowned Young King, was to inherit his father's royal title, and thus became one in the line of successors to the Serbian throne. Meanwhile, the nobles pursued their own interests, sometimes quarreling with each other. Serbia, without an Emperor, became "a conglomerate of aristocratic territories", and the Empire was thus divided between the provincial lords: Marko Mrnjavčević, the Dejanović brothers, Đurađ I Balšić, Vuk Branković, Nikola Altomanović, and Lazar Hrebeljanović.^[32] In the new redistribution of feudal power, after 1371, the brothers despot Jovan and gospodin (lord) Konstantin greatly expanded their province, not only recreating their father's province, but also at least doubling the territory, on all sides, but chiefly to the south.^[33]^[34] The brothers ruled on the left riverside of the Vardar, from Kumanovo to Strumica.^[32] In 1373, two years after Maritsa, the first mentions are made on the events in the province of the Dejanović brothers, as well as their mutual relation.^[35] As Marko had done, also the Dejanović brothers recognized Ottoman sovereignty.^[32] Although vassals, they had their own government.^[34] Their state symbol was the white double-headed eagle and they minted coins according to the Nemanjić style.^[36]

Family

Dejan had two marriages. First with unknown noble called Vladislava, and second with Teodora. Dejan and his first wife Vladislava had four children:

Jovan (ca. 1343 – ca. 1378), despot under Emperor Uroš; vassal of the Ottoman Empire since 1373 until his death in 1378.
Konstantin (fl. 1365–95), gospodin under Emperor Uroš; succeeded his brother as vassal of the Ottoman Empire from 1378 until his death in 1395.
Teodora (fl. 1356–71), married firstly gospodin Žarko (in 1356), then Đurađ I Balšić (after 1371). She had a son with Žarko, Mrkša (born 1363).
Dimitar Dragaš

Annotations

^
His name was Dejan (Дејан). He is usually referred to with his titles despot Dejan (деспот Дејан) and sevastokrator Dejan (севастократор Дејан) in Serbian sources. His son Jovan usually signed himself "despot Jovan Dragaš", or simply "despot Dragaš", while only one document mention Konstantin by this name. The Dragaš name was thus used by Jovan and Konstantin, and Jelena's son Constantine XI. There is possibility that Dejan also used this name, though he is never mentioned with it.^[37]

References

^ ^a ^b "Земенски манастир "Св. Йоан Богослов"". Archived from the original on 2022-04-09. Retrieved 2022-04-09.
^ ^a ^b ^c Mihaljčić 1989, p. 67
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Fine 1994, p. 358
^ Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije 1953, p. 16
Војвода Дејан Мањак је поменут у повељи краља Стесрана Душана којом је овај уступио Дубровчанима Стонски Рат и Превлаку
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Fine 1994, pp. 309–310
^ Ćorović 2001, ch. 3, VII.
^ Fajfrić 2000, 39.
^ Ćorović 2001, ch. 3, VII.; Fajfrić 2000, 39.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Blagojević 2007, pp. 448–449
^ Mandić 1986, p. 161
У повељи манастиру Архиљевици, издатој ав- густа 1355. године, Душан на три места каже: „Брат царства ми севастократор Дејан". Именица брат има вишеструко значење. Најодређеније је оно примарно: рођени брат.
^ Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije 1951, pp. 20–21
према повељи манастиру богоро- дичимог ваведења у Архиљевици,50 држао као своју баштину пространу област иеточно од Скопске Црне Горе. Она је обухватала старе жупе Прешево и Жеглигово (данас кумановски крај са Средореком, Козјачијом...
^ ^a ^b ^c Narodni muzej u Vranju 1986, p. 169
Севастократор Дејан, зет цара Душана по сестри Теодори (у калуђерству Евдокији), држао је кумановско-прешевску удолину, а то је део самог језгра Балкана. [...] „Брат царства ми севастократор Дејан"\ Судећи према овој повељи, Архиљевица се налазила тамо где су дарована села Подлешане, Извор и Рућинци, а то је Куманов- ска Црна гора, односно падине Језерске планине. [...] оснивачу државе Дејановића, написао је Миодраг Рајичић и навео сву важнију литературу и изворе.1 Он закључује да је Дејан умро измећу 1366. и 1371. године.2 Дејан је саградио цркву свете Богородице „у својој баштини, ...
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Mihaljčić 1989, pp. 79–81
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Fajfrić 2000, 42.
^ Soulis 1984, p. 101
^ Soulis 1984, p. 53
^ Soulis 1984, p. 190
^ Mihaljčić 1989, p. 81
Дејанова баштина — жупе Жеглигово и Прешево — простиру се између Пчиње, Јужне Мораве и Скопске Црне горе. Источно од Жеглигова и Прешева, око горњег тока Струме са Велбуждом, простирала се „држава" севастократора Дејана
^ Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti 1952, p. 240
касније државе Дејановића сигурно је обухватало 1355 године старе жупе Жеглигово (са данашњом Козјачијом, Средореком и највећим делом Пчиње) на истоку и Прешево са једним делом Гњиланског Карадага на западу. Оно се није ограничавало само на кумановски крај — Жеглигово —, а допирало све до Штипа и Кратова, као што је веровао Стојан Новаковић, нити се простирало само до висоравни Рујена, као што је писао Константин Јиречек, ...
^ Mandić 1986, p. 143
То је био дота- дашњи севастократор Дејан. Поставши деспот све српске, поморске и грчке земље (али не велики деспот, јер је после Оливера у Урошевој држави увек био само један деспот, па није ни било усло- ва за великог), ...
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Ćorović 2001, ch. 3, IX.
^ ^a ^b Blagojević 2001, p. 178
Логотет Дејан је по свој прилици иста личност позната као Душанов севастокра- тор Дејан и деспот Дејан. Приликом преговора о миру измећу цара Уроша и Дубровника, као цареви посланици помињу се логотет Дејан и Гргур.
^ Ćirković & Mihaljčić 1999, p. ?
За време цара Уроша његов логотет Дејан преговарао је са Дубровчанима о поштовању закона и свега другог што је постало спорно после рата са кнезом Воји- славом Војиновићем.
^ ^a ^b Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti (1976). Istorijski časopis. Vol. 23–24. p. 16.
кесар Гргур Голубић и логотет Дејан добили су по сто дуката, али они су — то морамо да нагласимо — директно учествовали у прего- ворима. Одређен углед Лазара потврђује његов помен у функцији милосника. Податак је ...
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Fajfrić 2000, 45.
^ Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije 1953, p. 26
... ни у страиим изворима није се сачувао никакав пода- тек који нам омогућава да одредимо које је године Дејан умро
^ Mandić 1990, p. 154
Тако би 1358. година била прекрет- ничка за неке великаше: те године деспот Дејан је умро,13 на његово место дошао је вероватни дота- дашњи велики војвода Вукашин, а на место вели- ког војводе дошао је Јован Угл>еша.
^ ^a ^b Mandić 1990, pp. 154–155
^ Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije 1953, p. 20
Дејаиова жена Тесдсра-Евдокија, као и Ана-Марија, супруга деспота Оливера, и Марија, жена деспота Тохе Прељубовића, па и велгокосхимкица Евпраксија (више позната под мало- схимничким именом Јефимија), жена деспота ...
^ Petković 1924
^ ^a ^b Samardžić 1892, p. 22
Синови деспота Дејана заједнички су управљали пространом облашћу у источној Македонији, мада је исправе чешће потписивао старији, Јован Драгаш. Као и његов отац, Јован Драгаш је носио знаке деспотског достојанства. Иако се као деспот помиње први пут 1373, сасвим је извесно да је Јован Драгаш ову титулу добио од цара Уроша. Високо достојанство убрајало се, како је ...
^ ^a ^b ^c Ćorović 2001, ch. 3, XIII
^ Mihaljčić 1989, p. 174
^ ^a ^b Društvo istoričara SR Srbije (1994). Istorijski glasnik. Belgrade. p. 31.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Vizantološki institut, SANU (1982). Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta. Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti. p. 198.
^ Godišnjica Nikole Čupića, vol. 33, Belgrade: Štampa Državne štamparije Kraljevine Jugoslavije, 1914, p. 228
^ Ostrogorsky 1970, pp. 273–274

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Blagojević, Miloš (2007), "Zakon gospodina Konstantina i carice Jevdokije" (PDF), Recueil des travaux de l'Institut d'études byzantines (in Serbian), 44, Belgrade: Institute for Byzantine Studies of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
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Ostrogorsky, George (1970), Vizantija i Sloveni (in Serbian), Belgrade: Prosveta, pp. 43, 271–276, 457–459
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Rajičić, Miodrag (1953). Sevastokrator Dejan (in Serbian). {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
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Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti (1952), Istoriski časopis (in Serbian), vol. 4, Naučna knjiga

Court offices
Preceded by Jovan Oliver as of the Serbian Kingdom	sevastokrator of Stefan Dušan 1346–1355 Served alongside: Branko (1346–?)	Succeeded by Vlatko
Preceded by Jovan Oliver, Jovan Asen and Simeon Uroš	despot of Uroš V after Aug 1356	Succeeded by Vukašin

[cnote_a] 
His name was Dejan (Дејан). He is usually referred to with his titles despot Dejan (деспот Дејан) and sevastokrator Dejan (севастократор Дејан) in Serbian sources. His son Jovan usually signed himself "despot Jovan Dragaš", or simply "despot Dragaš", while only one document mention Konstantin by this name. The Dragaš name was thus used by Jovan and Konstantin, and Jelena's son Constantine XI. There is possibility that Dejan also used this name, though he is never mentioned with it.^[37]

[historymuseum.org-1] "Земенски манастир "Св. Йоан Богослов"". Archived from the original on 2022-04-09. Retrieved 2022-04-09.

[Mihaljcic-1975-67-2] Mihaljčić 1989, p. 67

[Fine-1994-358-3] Fine 1994, p. 358

[4] Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije 1953, p. 16
Војвода Дејан Мањак је поменут у повељи краља Стесрана Душана којом је овај уступио Дубровчанима Стонски Рат и Превлаку

[Fine-1994-309-310-5] Fine 1994, pp. 309–310

[Corovic-3-VII-6] Ćorović 2001, ch. 3, VII.

[7] Fajfrić 2000, 39.

[8] Ćorović 2001, ch. 3, VII.; Fajfrić 2000, 39.

[Blagojevic-2007-448-9] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Blagojević 2007, pp. 448–449

[Mandic-161-10] Mandić 1986, p. 161
У повељи манастиру Архиљевици, издатој ав- густа 1355. године, Душан на три места каже: „Брат царства ми севастократор Дејан". Именица брат има вишеструко значење. Најодређеније је оно примарно: рођени брат.

[IdNRS1951-20-11] Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije 1951, pp. 20–21
према повељи манастиру богоро- дичимог ваведења у Архиљевици,50 држао као своју баштину пространу област иеточно од Скопске Црне Горе. Она је обухватала старе жупе Прешево и Жеглигово (данас кумановски крај са Средореком, Козјачијом...

[Vranjski-glasnik-169-12] Narodni muzej u Vranju 1986, p. 169
Севастократор Дејан, зет цара Душана по сестри Теодори (у калуђерству Евдокији), држао је кумановско-прешевску удолину, а то је део самог језгра Балкана. [...] „Брат царства ми севастократор Дејан"\ Судећи према овој повељи, Архиљевица се налазила тамо где су дарована села Подлешане, Извор и Рућинци, а то је Куманов- ска Црна гора, односно падине Језерске планине. [...] оснивачу државе Дејановића, написао је Миодраг Рајичић и навео сву важнију литературу и изворе.1 Он закључује да је Дејан умро измећу 1366. и 1371. године.2 Дејан је саградио цркву свете Богородице „у својој баштини, ...

[Mihaljcic-79-81-13] Mihaljčić 1989, pp. 79–81

[Fajfric42-14] Fajfrić 2000, 42.

[15] Soulis 1984, p. 101

[16] Soulis 1984, p. 53

[17] Soulis 1984, p. 190

[Mihaljcic-81-q-18] Mihaljčić 1989, p. 81
Дејанова баштина — жупе Жеглигово и Прешево — простиру се између Пчиње, Јужне Мораве и Скопске Црне горе. Источно од Жеглигова и Прешева, око горњег тока Струме са Велбуждом, простирала се „држава" севастократора Дејана

[SANU-IC-4-q-19] Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti 1952, p. 240
касније државе Дејановића сигурно је обухватало 1355 године старе жупе Жеглигово (са данашњом Козјачијом, Средореком и највећим делом Пчиње) на истоку и Прешево са једним делом Гњиланског Карадага на западу. Оно се није ограничавало само на кумановски крај — Жеглигово —, а допирало све до Штипа и Кратова, као што је веровао Стојан Новаковић, нити се простирало само до висоравни Рујена, као што је писао Константин Јиречек, ...

[20] Mandić 1986, p. 143
То је био дота- дашњи севастократор Дејан. Поставши деспот све српске, поморске и грчке земље (али не велики деспот, јер је после Оливера у Урошевој држави увек био само један деспот, па није ни било усло- ва за великог), ...

[Corovic-3-IX-21] Ćorović 2001, ch. 3, IX.

[Blagojevic-178-22] Blagojević 2001, p. 178
Логотет Дејан је по свој прилици иста личност позната као Душанов севастокра- тор Дејан и деспот Дејан. Приликом преговора о миру измећу цара Уроша и Дубровника, као цареви посланици помињу се логотет Дејан и Гргур.

[23] Ćirković & Mihaljčić 1999, p. ?
За време цара Уроша његов логотет Дејан преговарао је са Дубровчанима о поштовању закона и свега другог што је постало спорно после рата са кнезом Воји- славом Војиновићем.

[SANU-1976-16-24] Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti (1976). Istorijski časopis. Vol. 23–24. p. 16.
кесар Гргур Голубић и логотет Дејан добили су по сто дуката, али они су — то морамо да нагласимо — директно учествовали у прего- ворима. Одређен углед Лазара потврђује његов помен у функцији милосника. Податак је ...

[Fajfric45-25] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Fajfrić 2000, 45.

[26] Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije 1953, p. 26
... ни у страиим изворима није се сачувао никакав пода- тек који нам омогућава да одредимо које је године Дејан умро

[Mandic-1990-154q-27] Mandić 1990, p. 154
Тако би 1358. година била прекрет- ничка за неке великаше: те године деспот Дејан је умро,13 на његово место дошао је вероватни дота- дашњи велики војвода Вукашин, а на место вели- ког војводе дошао је Јован Угл>еша.

[Mandic-1990-154-5-28] Mandić 1990, pp. 154–155

[29] Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije 1953, p. 20
Дејаиова жена Тесдсра-Евдокија, као и Ана-Марија, супруга деспота Оливера, и Марија, жена деспота Тохе Прељубовића, па и велгокосхимкица Евпраксија (више позната под мало- схимничким именом Јефимија), жена деспота ...

[Petkovic-30] Petković 1924

[Samardzic-22-31] Samardžić 1892, p. 22
Синови деспота Дејана заједнички су управљали пространом облашћу у источној Македонији, мада је исправе чешће потписивао старији, Јован Драгаш. Као и његов отац, Јован Драгаш је носио знаке деспотског достојанства. Иако се као деспот помиње први пут 1373, сасвим је извесно да је Јован Драгаш ову титулу добио од цара Уроша. Високо достојанство убрајало се, како је ...

[Corovic-3-XIII-32] Ćorović 2001, ch. 3, XIII

[Mihaljcic-174-33] Mihaljčić 1989, p. 174

[igdisrs1994-34] Društvo istoričara SR Srbije (1994). Istorijski glasnik. Belgrade. p. 31.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[ZRVI-1982-198-35] Vizantološki institut, SANU (1982). Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta. Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti. p. 198.

[36] Godišnjica Nikole Čupića, vol. 33, Belgrade: Štampa Državne štamparije Kraljevine Jugoslavije, 1914, p. 228

[Ostrogorski-1970-37] Ostrogorsky 1970, pp. 273–274

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Serbian nobleman (1346–c.1366)}}
-{{Infobox nobility|type
+{{good article}}
+{{Infobox noble
 | name              = Dejan
 | title             = ''sevastokrator'' and ''despot'' of the Serbian Empire
@@ Line 8: / Line 10: @@
 | CoA               =
 | more              = no
-| reign             = <nowiki></nowiki>
+| reign             =
 * ''sevastokrator'' (fl. 1346–55)
 * ''despot'' (fl. 1355–58+)
@@ Line 16: / Line 18: @@
 | spouse            = [[Teodora-Evdokija|Teodora Nemanjić]]
 | spouse-type       = Spouse
-| issue             = <nowiki></nowiki>
+| issue             =
 * [[Jovan Dejanović|Jovan]]
 * [[Konstantin Dejanović|Konstantin]]
 * [[Teodora Dejanović|Teodora]]
 | full name         =
-| styles            =
+| other_titles      =
-| titles            =
 * ''[[vojvoda]]'' (војвода), general
 * ''[[sevastokrator]]'' (севастократор), second-highest court title at that time
@@ Line 37: / Line 38: @@
 }}
-'''Dejan''' ({{lang-sr-cyr|Дејан}};{{Cref2|a}} [[floruit|fl.]] 1346–ca. 1366) was a Serbian magnate who served [[Serbian Empire|Emperor]] [[Stefan Dušan]] (r. 1331–55) as ''[[Despot (court title)|despot]]'', and Emperor [[Uroš V]] (r. 1355–71) as ''[[sevastokrator]]''. He was married to Emperor Dušan's sister [[Teodora Nemanjić|Teodora]], and possessed a large province in the [[Kumanovo]] region, east of [[Skopska Crna Gora]]. It initially included the old ''[[župe]]'' (counties) of [[Žegligovo (župa)|Žegligovo]] and [[Preševo (župa)|Preševo]] (modern Kumanovo region with [[Sredorek]], [[Kozjačija]] and the larger part of [[Pčinja District|Pčinja]]). Uroš V later gave Dejan the Upper [[Struma (river)|Struma river]] with [[Kyustendil|Velbužd (Kyustendil)]]. Dejan built the [[Zemen Monastery]], among others, and reconstructed several church buildings throughout his province.
+'''Dejan''' ({{lang-sr-Cyrl|Дејан}};{{Cref2|a}} [[floruit|fl.]] 1346 – c. 1366) was a magnate who served [[Serbian Empire|Serbian Emperor]] [[Stefan Dušan]] (r. 1331–55) as ''[[sevastokrator]]'', and Emperor [[Uroš V]] (r. 1355–71) as ''[[Despot (court title)|despot]]''. He was married to Emperor Dušan's sister [[Teodora Nemanjić|Teodora]], and possessed a large province in the [[Kumanovo]] region, east of [[Skopska Crna Gora]]. It initially included the old ''[[župe]]'' (counties) of [[Žegligovo (župa)|Žegligovo]] and [[Preševo (župa)|Preševo]] (modern Kumanovo region with [[Sredorek (region)|Sredorek]], [[Kozjačija]] and the larger part of [[Pčinja District|Pčinja]]). Uroš V later gave Dejan the Upper [[Struma (river)|Struma river]] with [[Kyustendil|Velbužd (Kyustendil)]]. Dejan rebuilt the [[Zemen Monastery]],<ref name="historymuseum.org">{{cite web | url=https://historymuseum.org/mobile/bg/filial/zemenski-manastir-ay-sv-joan-bogoslov-au/ | title=Земенски манастир "Св. Йоан Богослов" | access-date=2022-04-09 | archive-date=2022-04-09 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220409221855/https://historymuseum.org/mobile/bg/filial/zemenski-manastir-ay-sv-joan-bogoslov-au/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> one of Dejan's endowments, among others, as he also reconstructed several church buildings throughout his province.
 Dejan was one of the prominent figures of Dušan's reign and during the [[fall of the Serbian Empire]] after Dušan's death. Dejan is the progenitor of the [[Dejanović noble family]], with his two sons, ''despot'' [[Jovan Dejanović|Jovan]] and ''gospodin'' [[Konstantin Dejanović|Konstantin]], also becoming powerful during the fall of the Serbian Empire and the ensuing [[Despotate of Serbia|Ottoman period]].
@@ Line 44: / Line 45: @@
 ===Origin===
-Dejan had married [[Teodora-Evdokija|Teodora]], the sister of King [[Stefan Dušan]], and received the title of ''sevastokrator'' in 1346, upon Stefan Dušan's crowning as Emperor. Dejan's origin is deemed unknown.<ref name=Mihaljcic-1975-67>{{harvnb|Mihaljčić|1989|p=67}}</ref>  Earlier scholars believed that Dejan was a relative of [[Jovan Oliver]], another magnate in Macedonia, but this is no longer accepted.<ref name=Fine-1994-358/> [[Konstantin Josef Jireček|K. J. Jireček]] suggested that he was ''vojvoda'' ''Dejan Manjak'' (Дејан Мањак),<ref name=Mihaljcic-1975-67/> only found mentioned in a 1333 charter, in which Stefan Dušan officially sold [[Ston]] and [[Prevlaka]] to the [[Republic of Venice]].<ref name=Mihaljcic-1975-67/><ref>{{harvnb|Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije|1953|p=16}} {{quote|Војвода Дејан Мањак је поменут у повељи краља Стесрана Душана којом је овај уступио Дубровчанима Стонски Рат и Превлаку}}</ref>
+Dejan had married [[Teodora-Evdokija|Teodora]], the sister of King [[Stefan Dušan]], and received the title of ''sevastokrator'' in 1346, upon Stefan Dušan's crowning as Emperor. Dejan's origin is deemed unknown.<ref name=Mihaljcic-1975-67>{{harvnb|Mihaljčić|1989|p=67}}</ref>  Earlier scholars believed that Dejan was a relative of [[Jovan Oliver]], another magnate in Macedonia, but this is no longer accepted.<ref name=Fine-1994-358/> [[Konstantin Josef Jireček|K. J. Jireček]] suggested that he was ''vojvoda'' [[Dejan Manjak]] (Дејан Мањак),<ref name=Mihaljcic-1975-67/> only found mentioned in a 1333 charter, in which Stefan Dušan officially sold [[Ston]] and [[Prevlaka]] to the [[Republic of Ragusa]].<ref name=Mihaljcic-1975-67/><ref>{{harvnb|Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije|1953|p=16}} {{blockquote|Војвода Дејан Мањак је поменут у повељи краља Стесрана Душана којом је овај уступио Дубровчанима Стонски Рат и Превлаку}}</ref>
 ===Stefan Dušan's reign===
 {{main|Stefan Dušan|Serbian Empire}}
-On [[Easter]], April 16, 1346, Stefan Dušan convoked a massive assembly at [[Skopje]], attended by the Serbian Archbishop [[Joanikije II]], the [[Archbishop of Ochrid]] [[Nikolaj I of Ochrid|Nikolaj I]], the [[Bulgarian Patriarchate|Bulgarian Patriarch]] Simeon and various religious leaders of [[Mount Athos]]. The [[autocephaly|autocephalous]] Serbian Archbishopric [[Serbian Orthodox Church#Raising to Patriarchate|was raised to the status of a Patriarchate]]. The [[List of heads of the Serbian Orthodox Church|new Patriarch]], Joanikije II, now solemnly crowned Dušan as "[[Basileus|Emperor]] and [[autocrator|autocrat]] of [[Serbs]] and [[Romaioi|Romans]] (Greeks)". Dušan had his son Uroš V crowned ''King'', giving him nominal rule over the [[Serbian lands]], and although Dušan ruled the whole state, he had special responsibility for the "Roman", i.e. ''Greek lands'', in the south. A further increase in the Byzantinization of the Serbian court followed, particularly in court ceremonies and [[Serbian titles|titles]]. From his new position, Dušan could grant titles only possible for an emperor to grant, such as ''[[despot (court title)|despot]]'', ''[[sevastokrator]]'', and ''[[caesar (title)|ćesar]]''.<ref name=Fine-1994-309-310>{{harvnb|Fine|1994|pp=309–310}}</ref><ref name=Corovic-3-VII>{{harvnb|Ćorović|2001|loc=ch. 3, VII.}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Fajfrić|2000|loc=39.}}</ref> Among the [[Serbian nobility|Serbian magnates]] were:<ref>{{harvnb|Ćorović|2001|loc=ch. 3, VII.}}; {{harvnb|Fajfrić|2000|loc=39.}}</ref>
+On [[Easter]], 16 April 1346, Stefan Dušan convoked a massive assembly at [[Skopje]], attended by the Serbian Archbishop [[Joanikije II]], the [[Archbishop of Ochrid]] [[Nikolaj I of Ochrid|Nikolaj I]], the [[Bulgarian Patriarchate|Bulgarian Patriarch]] Simeon and various religious leaders of [[Mount Athos]]. The [[autocephaly|autocephalous]] Serbian Archbishopric [[Serbian Orthodox Church#Raising to Patriarchate|was raised to the status of a Patriarchate]]. The [[List of heads of the Serbian Orthodox Church|new Patriarch]], Joanikije II, now solemnly crowned Dušan as "[[Basileus|Emperor]] and [[autocrator|autocrat]] of [[Serbs]] and [[Romaioi|Romans]] (Greeks)". Dušan had his son Uroš V crowned ''King'', giving him nominal rule over the Serbian lands, and although Dušan ruled the whole state, he had special responsibility for the "Roman", i.e. ''Greek lands'', in the south. There was a further increase in the Byzantinization of the Serbian court, especially in court ceremonies and [[Serbian titles|titles]].<ref name=Fine-1994-309-310>{{harvnb|Fine|1994|pp=309–310}}</ref> From his new position, Dušan could grant titles only possible for an emperor to grant, such as ''[[despot (court title)|despot]]'', ''[[sevastokrator]]'', and ''[[caesar (title)|ćesar]]''.<ref name=Fine-1994-309-310/><ref name=Corovic-3-VII>{{harvnb|Ćorović|2001|loc=ch. 3, VII.}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Fajfrić|2000|loc=39.}}</ref> Among the [[Serbian nobility|Serbian magnates]] were:<ref>{{harvnb|Ćorović|2001|loc=ch. 3, VII.}}; {{harvnb|Fajfrić|2000|loc=39.}}</ref>
-*''despot'' [[Simeon Uroš]], Dušan's half-brother, governor of Epirus and Acarnania
+*''despot'' [[Simeon Uroš]], Dušan's half-brother, duke of Epirus and Acarnania
 *''despot'' [[Jovan Asen]], Dušan's brother-in-law, governor in southern Albania
 *''despot'' [[Jovan Oliver]], Dušan's close associate, ''vojvoda'' and governor in Ovče Pole and left Vardar
@@ Line 61: / Line 62: @@
 The raising of the Serbian Patriarchate resulted in bishops becoming [[metropolitan bishop|metropolitans]].<ref name=Fine-1994-309-310/> The Serbian ruler had wide autocratic powers, but was surrounded and advised by a permanent council of magnates (''velikaši'' or ''velmože'') and prelates. The court, chancellery and administration were rough copies of those of [[Constantinople]].<ref name=Fine-1994-309-310/>
 [[File:Serbian Empire 1355 CE relief English.png|thumb|Map of the Serbian Empire (1355). Dejan ruled an area roughly starting from the east of Skopje eastwards towards Velbužd.]]
-In 1354, when Dejan had finished building the [[Arhiljevica]] Church of the Holy Mother of God, his [[Endowment (philosophy)|endowment]], he asked that some of the villages under his administration be granted to the church (as ''[[metochion]]'').<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448>{{harvnb|Blagojević|2007|pp=448-449}}</ref> According to Stefan Dušan's [[charter]] to Arhiljevica dated 10 August 1354,<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448/> ''sevastokrator'' Dejan, whom he called his ''brother'' ("брат царства ми севастократор Дејан"),<ref name=Mandic-161>{{harvnb|Mandić|1986|p=161}} {{quote|У повељи манастиру Архиљевици, издатој ав- густа 1355. године, Душан на три места каже: „Брат царства ми севастократор Дејан". Именица брат има вишеструко значење. Најодређеније је оно примарно: рођени брат.}}</ref> possessed a large province east of [[Skopska Crna Gora]]. It included the old ''[[župe]]'' (counties) of [[Žegligovo (župa)|Žegligovo]] and [[Preševo (župa)|Preševo]] (modern [[Kumanovo]] region with [[Sredorek]], [[Kozjačija]] and the larger part of [[Pčinja District|Pčinja]]).<ref name=IdNRS1951-20>{{harvnb|Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije|1951|pp=20–21}} {{quote|према повељи манастиру богоро- дичимог ваведења у Архиљевици,50 држао као своју баштину пространу област иеточно од Скопске Црне Горе. Она је обухватала старе жупе Прешево и Жеглигово (данас кумановски крај са Средореком, Козјачијом...}}</ref> The granted villages included: village Podlešane with hamlets, village Arhiljevica at the church with hamlets, village [[Izvor, Kumanovo|Izvor]], village [[Ruǵince|Ruginci (Ruǵince)]], [[selište]] (arable land) Mokra Poljana (Mokro Polje), village Maistorije, selište Maistorije Krupnici, selište [[Rusce, Bujanovac|Prusci (Rusce)]], selište Vrdun, selište Prvevo, selište [[Dejlovce|Deikovo (Dejlovce)]], selište [[Vračevce|Vrače (Vračevce)]], selište Sedlar, selište Mekša and village [[Glažnja|Glaže (Glažnja)]]. A total of 9 villages, 9 selište and a few hamlets.<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448/> Based on the charter, Arhiljevica was situated where the granted villages of Podlešane, Izvor and Rućinci lay, on the slopes of [[Jezer (mountain)|Jezer]] (Kumanovska Crna Gora).<ref name=Vranjski-glasnik-169>{{harvnb|Narodni muzej u Vranju|1986|p=169}} {{quote|Севастократор Дејан, зет цара Душана по сестри Теодори (у калуђерству Евдокији), држао је кумановско-прешевску удолину, а то је део самог језгра Балкана. [...] „Брат царства ми севастократор Дејан"\ Судећи према овој повељи, Архиљевица се налазила тамо где су дарована села Подлешане, Извор и Рућинци, а то је Куманов- ска Црна гора, односно падине Језерске планине. [...] оснивачу државе Дејановића, написао је Миодраг Рајичић и навео сву важнију литературу и изворе.1 Он закључује да је Дејан умро измећу 1366. и 1371. године.2 Дејан је саградио цркву свете Богородице „у својој баштини, ...}}</ref> The fact that Dejan built Arhiljevica rather than renovated it is evidence of his economic strength.<ref name=Mihaljcic-79-81/> Apart from Dejan's granted villages, Dušan also granted, on his behalf as a gift, the church and village of Gospoždino Polje (lost<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448/>), village Koznica Kričanovska ([[Gorna Koznitsa|Gorna]]- and [[Dolna Koznitsa]]) and village Strojkovo (lost<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448/>), situated in the Velbužd region.<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448/><ref name=Mihaljcic-79-81/>
+In 1354, when Dejan had finished building the [[Arhiljevica]] Church of the Holy Mother of God, his [[Endowment (philosophy)|endowment]], he asked that some of the villages under his administration be granted to the church (as ''[[metochion]]'').<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448>{{harvnb|Blagojević|2007|pp=448–449}}</ref> According to Stefan Dušan's [[charter]] to Arhiljevica dated 10 August 1354,<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448/> ''sevastokrator'' Dejan, whom he called his ''brother'' ("брат царства ми севастократор Дејан"),<ref name=Mandic-161>{{harvnb|Mandić|1986|p=161}} {{blockquote|У повељи манастиру Архиљевици, издатој ав- густа 1355. године, Душан на три места каже: „Брат царства ми севастократор Дејан". Именица брат има вишеструко значење. Најодређеније је оно примарно: рођени брат.}}</ref> possessed a large province east of [[Skopska Crna Gora]]. It included the old ''[[župe]]'' (counties) of [[Žegligovo (župa)|Žegligovo]] and [[Preševo (župa)|Preševo]] (modern [[Kumanovo]] region with [[Sredorek (region)|Sredorek]], [[Kozjačija]] and the larger part of [[Pčinja District|Pčinja]]).<ref name=IdNRS1951-20>{{harvnb|Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije|1951|pp=20–21}} {{blockquote|према повељи манастиру богоро- дичимог ваведења у Архиљевици,50 држао као своју баштину пространу област иеточно од Скопске Црне Горе. Она је обухватала старе жупе Прешево и Жеглигово (данас кумановски крај са Средореком, Козјачијом...}}</ref> The granted villages included: village Podlešane with hamlets, village Arhiljevica at the church with hamlets, village [[Izvor, Kumanovo|Izvor]], village [[Ruǵince|Ruginci (Ruǵince)]], selište (arable land) Mokra Poljana (Mokro Polje), village Maistorije, selište Maistorije Krupnici, selište [[Rusce, Bujanovac|Prusci (Rusce)]], selište Vrdun, selište Prvevo, selište [[Dejlovce|Deikovo (Dejlovce)]], selište [[Vračevce|Vrače (Vračevce)]], selište Sedlar, selište Mekša and village [[Glažnja|Glaže (Glažnja)]]. A total of 9 villages, 9 selište and a few hamlets.<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448/> Based on the charter, Arhiljevica was situated where the granted villages of Podlešane, Izvor and Rućinci lay, on the slopes of [[Jezer (mountain)|Jezer]] (Kumanovska Crna Gora).<ref name=Vranjski-glasnik-169>{{harvnb|Narodni muzej u Vranju|1986|p=169}} {{blockquote|Севастократор Дејан, зет цара Душана по сестри Теодори (у калуђерству Евдокији), држао је кумановско-прешевску удолину, а то је део самог језгра Балкана. [...] „Брат царства ми севастократор Дејан"\ Судећи према овој повељи, Архиљевица се налазила тамо где су дарована села Подлешане, Извор и Рућинци, а то је Куманов- ска Црна гора, односно падине Језерске планине. [...] оснивачу државе Дејановића, написао је Миодраг Рајичић и навео сву важнију литературу и изворе.1 Он закључује да је Дејан умро измећу 1366. и 1371. године.2 Дејан је саградио цркву свете Богородице „у својој баштини, ...}}</ref> The fact that Dejan built Arhiljevica rather than renovated it is evidence of his economic strength.<ref name=Mihaljcic-79-81/> Apart from Dejan's granted villages, Dušan also granted, on his behalf as a gift, the church and village of Gospoždino Polje (lost<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448/>), village Koznica Kričanovska ([[Gorna Koznitsa|Gorna]]- and [[Dolna Koznitsa]]) and village Strojkovo (lost<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448/>), situated in the Velbužd region.<ref name=Blagojevic-2007-448/><ref name=Mihaljcic-79-81/>
 Dejan was one of the prominent figures of Dušan's reign and during the subsequent fall of the Serbian Empire, after Dušan's death.<ref name=Mihaljcic-79-81>{{harvnb|Mihaljčić|1989|pp=79–81}}</ref><ref name=Fajfric42>{{harvnb|Fajfrić|2000|loc=42.}}</ref> Under Emperor Dušan, ''despot'' Jovan Oliver, with his brother Bogdan and ''sevastokrator'' Dejan, ruled over all of eastern Macedonia.<ref>{{harvnb|Soulis|1984|p=101}}</ref> Dejan is not mentioned much in Dušan's military endeavors, although his reputation and that of his successors suggest that he was involved in most of Dušan's successes.<ref name=Fajfric42/> His prominence beyond Serbia is also evident from the fact that [[Pope Innocent VI]] addressed Dejan in 1355, asking him to support the creation of the union between the Catholic Church and the Serbian Orthodox Church (such letters were sent to the highest nobility and the church).<ref name=Fajfric42/><ref>{{harvnb|Soulis|1984|p=53}}</ref>
 ===Uroš V's reign===
+[[File:Serbia 1360 en.png|thumb|right|280px|Map of the Serbian Empire in 1360 with territories of local rulers]]
 {{main|Uroš V|Fall of the Serbian Empire}}
-Dejan received the title of ''despot'' sometime after August 1355, either from Emperor Dušan, who died on 20 December 1355, or from his heir Uroš V,<ref>{{harvnb|Soulis|1984|p=190}}</ref> most likely the latter.<ref name=Mihaljcic-79-81/><ref name=Fajfric42/> During the rule of Uroš V, Dejan was entrusted with the administration of the territory between [[South Morava]], Pčinja, Skopska Crna Gora (his hereditary lands) and in the east, Upper [[Struma river]] with [[Kyustendil|Velbužd (Kyustendil)]], a province notably larger than he had possessed during Dušan's life.<ref name=Fajfric42/><ref name=Mihaljcic-81-q>{{harvnb|Mihaljčić|1989|p=81}} {{quote|Дејанова баштина — жупе Жеглигово и Прешево — простиру се између Пчиње, Јужне Мораве и Скопске Црне горе. Источно од Жеглигова и Прешева, око горњег тока Струме са Велбуждом, простирала се „држава" севастократора Дејана}}</ref><ref name=SANU-IC-4-q>{{harvnb|Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti|1952|p=240}} {{quote|касније државе Дејановића сигурно је обухватало 1355 године старе жупе Жеглигово (са данашњом Козјачијом, Средореком и највећим делом Пчиње) на истоку и Прешево са једним делом Гњиланског Карадага на западу. Оно се није ограничавало само на кумановски крај — Жеглигово —, а допирало све до Штипа и Кратова, као што је веровао Стојан Новаковић, нити се простирало само до висоравни Рујена, као што је писао Константин Јиречек, ...}}</ref> This province was located in the very heart of the Balkans,<ref name=Vranjski-glasnik-169/> and the important [[Via de Zenta]], a trade route connecting the [[Adriatic]] with the interior of the Balkans, crossed it.  As the only ''despot'', Dejan held the highest title in the Empire (this had earlier been the ''veliki vojvoda'', Jovan Oliver).<ref>{{harvnb|Mandić|1986|p=143}} {{quote|То је био дота- дашњи севастократор Дејан. Поставши деспот све српске, поморске и грчке земље (али не велики деспот, јер је после Оливера у Урошевој држави увек био само један деспот, па није ни било усло- ва за великог), ...}}</ref> Dejan's daughter [[Teodora Dejanović|Teodora]] married [[Žarko (nobleman)|Žarko]], the lord of Lower Zeta, in 1356.<ref name=Corovic-3-IX/>
+Dejan received the title of ''despot'' sometime after August 1355, either from Emperor Dušan, who died on 20 December 1355, or from his heir Uroš V,<ref>{{harvnb|Soulis|1984|p=190}}</ref> most likely the latter.<ref name=Mihaljcic-79-81/><ref name=Fajfric42/> During the rule of Uroš V, Dejan was entrusted with the administration of the territory between [[South Morava]], Pčinja, Skopska Crna Gora (his hereditary lands) and in the east, Upper [[Struma river]] with [[Kyustendil|Velbužd (Kyustendil)]], a province notably larger than he had possessed during Dušan's life.<ref name=Fajfric42/><ref name=Mihaljcic-81-q>{{harvnb|Mihaljčić|1989|p=81}} {{blockquote|Дејанова баштина — жупе Жеглигово и Прешево — простиру се између Пчиње, Јужне Мораве и Скопске Црне горе. Источно од Жеглигова и Прешева, око горњег тока Струме са Велбуждом, простирала се „држава" севастократора Дејана}}</ref><ref name=SANU-IC-4-q>{{harvnb|Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti|1952|p=240}} {{blockquote|касније државе Дејановића сигурно је обухватало 1355 године старе жупе Жеглигово (са данашњом Козјачијом, Средореком и највећим делом Пчиње) на истоку и Прешево са једним делом Гњиланског Карадага на западу. Оно се није ограничавало само на кумановски крај — Жеглигово —, а допирало све до Штипа и Кратова, као што је веровао Стојан Новаковић, нити се простирало само до висоравни Рујена, као што је писао Константин Јиречек, ...}}</ref> This province was located in the very heart of the Balkans,<ref name=Vranjski-glasnik-169/> and the important [[Via de Zenta]], a trade route connecting the [[Adriatic]] with the interior of the Balkans, crossed it.  As the only ''despot'', Dejan held the highest title in the Empire (this had earlier been the ''veliki vojvoda'', Jovan Oliver).<ref>{{harvnb|Mandić|1986|p=143}} {{blockquote|То је био дота- дашњи севастократор Дејан. Поставши деспот све српске, поморске и грчке земље (али не велики деспот, јер је после Оливера у Урошевој држави увек био само један деспот, па није ни било усло- ва за великог), ...}}</ref> Dejan's daughter [[Teodora Dejanović|Teodora]] married [[Žarko (nobleman)|Žarko]], the lord of Lower Zeta, in 1356.<ref name=Corovic-3-IX/>
-Serbian historian [[M. Blagojević]] supported the view in historiography that Dejan also served as ''[[logotet]]'' (fl. 1362–1365), mentioned as the envoy of Emperor Uroš alongside ''ćesar'' Grgur in the peace talks with the [[Republic of Ragusa]], which had been at war with [[Vojislav Vojinović]] in southern Dalmatia.<ref name=Blagojevic-178>{{harvnb|Blagojević|2001|p=178}} {{quote|Логотет Дејан је по свој прилици иста личност позната као Душанов севастокра- тор Дејан и деспот Дејан. Приликом преговора о миру измећу цара Уроша и Дубровника, као цареви посланици помињу се логотет Дејан и Гргур.}}</ref> The peace was concluded on August 22, 1362, in [[Nikšić|Onogošt (Nikšić)]], and the Emperor's charter confirmed the "old laws" and other laws regarding the Ragusans.<ref name=Blagojevic-178/><ref>{{harvnb|Ćirković|Mihaljčić|1999|p=?}} {{quote|За време цара Уроша његов логотет Дејан преговарао је са Дубровчанима о поштовању закона и свега другог што је постало спорно после рата са кнезом Воји- славом Војиновићем.}}</ref><ref name=SANU-1976-16>{{cite book | author= Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti | url= http://books.google.com/books?id=tJE6AQAAIAAJ | year= 1976 | title= Istorijski časopis | volume=23–24 |page= 16}} {{quote|кесар Гргур Голубић и логотет Дејан добили су по сто дуката, али они су — то морамо да нагласимо — директно учествовали у прего- ворима. Одређен углед Лазара потврђује његов помен у функцији милосника. Податак је ...}}</ref> Dejan and Grgur each received 100 ducats.<ref name=SANU-1976-16/>
+Serbian historian [[M. Blagojević]] supported the view in historiography that Dejan also served as ''[[logotet]]'' (fl. 1362–1365), mentioned as the envoy of Emperor Uroš alongside ''ćesar'' Grgur in the peace talks with the [[Republic of Ragusa]], which had been at war with [[Vojislav Vojinović]] in southern Dalmatia.<ref name=Blagojevic-178>{{harvnb|Blagojević|2001|p=178}} {{blockquote|Логотет Дејан је по свој прилици иста личност позната као Душанов севастокра- тор Дејан и деспот Дејан. Приликом преговора о миру измећу цара Уроша и Дубровника, као цареви посланици помињу се логотет Дејан и Гргур.}}</ref> The peace was concluded on 22 August 1362, in [[Nikšić|Onogošt (Nikšić)]], and the Emperor's charter confirmed the "old laws" and other laws regarding the Ragusans.<ref name=Blagojevic-178/><ref>{{harvnb|Ćirković|Mihaljčić|1999|p=?}} {{blockquote|За време цара Уроша његов логотет Дејан преговарао је са Дубровчанима о поштовању закона и свега другог што је постало спорно после рата са кнезом Воји- славом Војиновићем.}}</ref><ref name=SANU-1976-16>{{cite book | author= Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=tJE6AQAAIAAJ | year= 1976 | title= Istorijski časopis | volume=23–24 |page= 16}} {{blockquote|кесар Гргур Голубић и логотет Дејан добили су по сто дуката, али они су — то морамо да нагласимо — директно учествовали у прего- ворима. Одређен углед Лазара потврђује његов помен у функцији милосника. Податак је ...}}</ref> Dejan and Grgur each received 100 ducats.<ref name=SANU-1976-16/>
 Until Vojislav's death in December 1363, the Serbian nobles in the Greek lands showed themselves more ambitious, as they held more titles and greater independence (deriving from their more extensive possessions, and therefore, wealth) in relation to the nobility of the old Serbian lands.<ref name=Fajfric45>{{harvnb|Fajfrić|2000|loc=45.}}</ref> While Vojislav lived, his influence secured the preeminence of the old Serbian nobility.<ref name=Fajfric45/> After Vojislav's death, [[Vukašin Mrnjavčević]], who had previously served Emperor Dušan as a ''župan'' ([[count]], holder of a ''župa'', a "county" or "district") of Prilep, quickly gained a decisive influence on Emperor Uroš V. The nobility in the old Serbian lands was not at first alarmed at this, but Vukašin's ambition and his subsequent power moves woke up the simmering antagonism between the two groups.<ref name=Fajfric45/> It was not only Vukašin's endless ambition that led to his success, as he had plenty of support from other nobles who benefited from him.<ref name=Fajfric45/>
-[[File:Zemen-monastery-church.jpg|thumb|[[Zemen Monastery]], one of Dejan's endowments.]]
-It is not known for certain when Dejan died, as no Serbian or foreign sources have been found with information that could give historians clues to which year he died.<ref>{{harvnb|Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije|1953|p=26}} {{quote|... ни у страиим изворима није се сачувао никакав пода- тек који нам омогућава да одредимо које је године Дејан умро}}</ref> [[Svetislav Mandić|S. Mandić]] said it may have been as early as 1358, and that Vukašin, who until then was ''veliki vojvoda'', took Dejan's place as despot, and in turn Jovan Uglješa became ''veliki vojvoda''.<ref name=Mandic-1990-154q>{{harvnb|Mandić|1990|p=154}} {{quote|Тако би 1358. година била прекрет- ничка за неке великаше: те године деспот Дејан је умро,13 на његово место дошао је вероватни дота- дашњи велики војвода Вукашин, а на место вели- ког војводе дошао је Јован Угл>еша.}}</ref> [[Vladimir Ćorović|V. Ćorović]] believed it to have been sometime after the death of Vojislav (1363).<ref name=Corovic-3-IX/> [[Miodrag Rajičić|M. Rajičić]] concluded that it was between 1366 and 1371,<ref name=Vranjski-glasnik-169/> as he believed Jovan Oliver to have held his lands at least to 1366, and based on that the Pčinja ''pomenik'' (memorial book) said that Dejan had died after Jovan Oliver (this is refuted by S. Mandić).<ref name=Mandic-1990-154-5>{{harvnb|Mandić|1990|pp=154-155}}</ref> S. Mandić also believed that it was unlikely that Dejan took monastic vows before his death, as his children were still young.<ref name=Mandic-1990-154-5/> His wife Teodora took monastic vows as Evdokija and lived in Strumica and Velbužd, and she would until her death sign as ''basilissa'' (Empress), as did: Ana-Marija, the wife of Jovan Oliver; Marija, wife of ''despot'' [[Toma Preljubović]]; and Jefimija, the wife of Uglješa.<ref>{{harvnb|Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije|1953|p=20}} {{quote|је Дејан био деспот}}</ref>
+It is not known for certain when Dejan died, as no Serbian or foreign sources have been found with information that could give historians clues to which year he died.<ref>{{harvnb|Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije|1953|p=26}} {{blockquote|... ни у страиим изворима није се сачувао никакав пода- тек који нам омогућава да одредимо које је године Дејан умро}}</ref> [[Svetislav Mandić|S. Mandić]] said it may have been as early as 1358, and that Vukašin, who until then was ''veliki vojvoda'', took Dejan's place as despot, and in turn Jovan Uglješa became ''veliki vojvoda''.<ref name=Mandic-1990-154q>{{harvnb|Mandić|1990|p=154}} {{blockquote|Тако би 1358. година била прекрет- ничка за неке великаше: те године деспот Дејан је умро,13 на његово место дошао је вероватни дота- дашњи велики војвода Вукашин, а на место вели- ког војводе дошао је Јован Угл>еша.}}</ref> [[Vladimir Ćorović|V. Ćorović]] believed it to have been sometime after the death of Vojislav (1363).<ref name=Corovic-3-IX/> [[Miodrag Rajičić|M. Rajičić]] concluded that it was between 1366 and 1371,<ref name=Vranjski-glasnik-169/> as he believed Jovan Oliver to have held his lands at least to 1366, and based on that the Pčinja ''pomenik'' (memorial book) said that Dejan had died after Jovan Oliver (this is refuted by S. Mandić).<ref name=Mandic-1990-154-5>{{harvnb|Mandić|1990|pp=154–155}}</ref> S. Mandić also believed that it was unlikely that Dejan took monastic vows before his death, as his children were still young.<ref name=Mandic-1990-154-5/> His wife Teodora took monastic vows as Evdokija and lived in Strumica and Velbužd, and she would until her death sign as ''basilissa'' (Empress), as did: Ana-Marija, the wife of Jovan Oliver; Marija, wife of ''despot'' [[Toma Preljubović]]; and Jefimija, the wife of Uglješa.<ref>{{harvnb|Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije|1953|p=20}} {{blockquote|Дејаиова жена Тесдсра-Евдокија, као и Ана-Марија, супруга деспота Оливера, и Марија, жена деспота Тохе Прељубовића, па и велгокосхимкица Евпраксија (више позната под мало- схимничким именом Јефимија), жена деспота ...}}</ref>
-Dejan built and reconstructed several churches and monasteries throughout his province,<ref name=Petkovic>{{harvnb|Petković|1924|loc=}}</ref> including the [[Zemen Monastery]] and the lost [[Church of the Holy Mother of God, Arhiljevica|Arhiljevica Church]]. His two sons [[Jovan Dejanović|Jovan]] and [[Konstantin Dejanović|Konstantin]] later became rulers of his domain.
+Dejan built and reconstructed several churches and monasteries throughout his province,<ref name=Petkovic>{{harvnb|Petković|1924|loc=}}</ref> including the rebuilding of the Zemen Monastery<ref name="historymuseum.org"/> and the lost [[Church of the Holy Mother of God, Arhiljevica|Arhiljevica Church]]. His two sons [[Jovan Dejanović|Jovan]] and [[Konstantin Dejanović|Konstantin]] later became rulers of his domain.
 ==Aftermath==
@@ Line 81: / Line 84: @@
 After the death of Dejan, his province, except for the ''župe'' of Žegligovo and Upper Struma, was appropriated to nobleman [[Vlatko Paskačić]], whose hereditary land was [[Slavište]] directly to the south.<ref name=Fajfric45/>  [[Vukašin Mrnjavčević]], of whom there are no notable mentions until 1365, became more powerful (ultimately the most powerful nobleman in Macedonia) after the deaths of [[Vojislav Vojinović]],<ref name=Fajfric45/> Dejan and ''despot'' Jovan Oliver (whose status in [[Macedonia (region)|Macedonia]] was very high), as Vukašin's rise would have been unlikely during the lifetime of these men.<ref name=Corovic-3-IX/> Vukašin's younger brother [[Jovan Uglješa]] is also thought to have participated in the dismemberment of Dejan's province, as he used this chance to take the provinces which bordered on the ''oblast'' (province) of Ser ([[Serres]]).<ref name=Fajfric45/> No one looked to the young sons of Dejan who would later become very important.<ref name=Fajfric45/> Dejan's death benefited Vukašin and Jovan Uglješa, not so much in territorial expansion (which is not so sure), but because Dejan's disappearance ended any stronger candidate to counter the [[Mrnjavčević family]].<ref name=Fajfric45/>
-Like his father before, Dejan's eldest son [[Jovan Dragaš|Jovan]] received the title of ''despot'' from Emperor Uroš.<ref name=Samardzic-22>{{harvnb|Samardžić|1892|p=22}} {{quote|Синови деспота Дејана заједнички су управљали пространом облашћу у источној Македонији, мада је исправе чешће потписивао старији, Јован Драгаш. Као и његов отац, Јован Драгаш је носио знаке деспотског достојанства. Иако се као деспот помиње први пут 1373, сасвим је извесно да је Јован Драгаш ову титулу добио од цара Уроша. Високо достојанство убрајало се, како је ...}}</ref>  He and his brother later received most of Jovan Oliver's lands.<ref name=Fine-1994-358>{{harvnb|Fine|1994|p=358}}</ref> It is not known why Jovan Oliver's sons did not inherit his lands. Serbian historian [[Vladimir Ćorović|V. Ćorović]] attributes this to turmoil and disorder the case, though it is not known what extent it developed to and what the consequences were.<ref name=Corovic-3-IX>{{harvnb|Ćorović|2001|loc=ch. 3, IX.}}</ref> Earlier scholars believed that the Dejanović were relatives of Jovan Oliver, although this is no longer accepted.<ref name=Fine-1994-358/> The Dejanović brothers ruled a spacious province in eastern Macedonia,<ref name=Samardzic-22/> in the southern lands of the Empire, and remained loyal to Uroš V until his death.<ref name=Fine-1994-358/> Emperor Uroš V died childless on December 2/4 1371, after many of the Serbian nobility had been killed in the [[Battle of Maritsa]] against the Ottomans earlier that year. This marked an end to the once powerful Serbian Empire.  Vukašin's son [[Marko Mrnjavčević|Marko]], who had earlier been crowned ''Young King'', was to inherit his father's royal title, and thus became one in the line of successors to the Serbian throne. Meanwhile the nobles pursued their own interests, sometimes quarreling with each other.  Serbia, without an Emperor, became "a conglomerate of aristocratic territories", and the Empire was thus divided between the provincial lords: Marko Mrnjavčević, the Dejanović brothers, [[Đurađ I Balšić]], [[Vuk Branković]], [[Nikola Altomanović]], and [[Lazar Hrebeljanović]].<ref name=Corovic-3-XIII>{{harvnb|Ćorović|2001|loc=ch. 3, XIII}}</ref> In the new redistribution of feudal power, after 1371, the brothers ''despot'' Jovan and ''gospodin'' (lord) Konstantin greatly expanded their province, not only recreated their father's province, but also at least doubled the territory, on all sides, but chiefly to the south.<ref name=Mihaljcic-174>{{harvnb|Mihaljčić|1989|p=174}}</ref><ref name=igdisrs1994>{{cite book|author=Društvo istoričara SR Srbije|title=Istorijski glasnik|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Ny9NAAAAYAAJ&q=Драгаши|year=1994|page=31|location=Belgrade}}</ref> The brothers ruled on the left riverside of the Vardar, from Kumanovo to Strumica.<ref name=Corovic-3-XIII/>  In 1373, two years after Maritsa, the first mentions are made on the events in the province of the Dejanović brothers, as well as their mutual relation.<ref name=ZRVI-1982-198>{{cite book|author=Vizantološki institut, SANU|url=|title=Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta|publisher=Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti|year=1982|page=198}}</ref> Ottoman sources report that in 1373, the Ottoman army compelled Jovan (who they called ''Saruyar'') in the upper Struma, to recognize Ottoman vassalage.<ref>{{cite book|author=Bulgarian Academy of Sciences|year=1986|title=Balkan studies|volume=22|page=38|location=Sofia}}</ref> As Marko had done, also the Dejanović brothers recognized Ottoman sovereignty.<ref name=Corovic-3-XIII/> Although vassals, they had their own government.<ref name=igdisrs1994/> Their state symbol was the white [[double-headed eagle]] and they minted coins according to the Nemanjić style.<ref>{{citation|title=Godišnjica Nikole Čupića|year=1914|volume=33|publisher=Štampa Državne štamparije Kraljevine Jugoslavije|location=Belgrade|page=228}}</ref>
+Like his father before, Dejan's eldest son [[Jovan Dragaš|Jovan]] received the title of ''despot'' from Emperor Uroš.<ref name=Samardzic-22>{{harvnb|Samardžić|1892|p=22}} {{blockquote|Синови деспота Дејана заједнички су управљали пространом облашћу у источној Македонији, мада је исправе чешће потписивао старији, Јован Драгаш. Као и његов отац, Јован Драгаш је носио знаке деспотског достојанства. Иако се као деспот помиње први пут 1373, сасвим је извесно да је Јован Драгаш ову титулу добио од цара Уроша. Високо достојанство убрајало се, како је ...}}</ref>  He and his brother later received most of Jovan Oliver's lands.<ref name=Fine-1994-358>{{harvnb|Fine|1994|p=358}}</ref> It is not known why Jovan Oliver's sons did not inherit his lands. Serbian historian [[Vladimir Ćorović|V. Ćorović]] attributed this to turmoil and disorder, though it is not known what extent it developed to and what the consequences were.<ref name=Corovic-3-IX>{{harvnb|Ćorović|2001|loc=ch. 3, IX.}}</ref> Earlier scholars believed that the Dejanović were relatives of Jovan Oliver, although this is no longer accepted.<ref name=Fine-1994-358/> The Dejanović brothers ruled a spacious province in eastern Macedonia,<ref name=Samardzic-22/> in the southern lands of the Empire, and remained loyal to Uroš V until his death.<ref name=Fine-1994-358/> Emperor Uroš V died childless on 2/4 December 1371, after many of the Serbian nobility had been killed in the [[Battle of Maritsa]] against the Ottomans earlier that year. This marked an end to the once powerful Serbian Empire.  Vukašin's son [[Marko Mrnjavčević|Marko]], who had earlier been crowned ''Young King'', was to inherit his father's royal title, and thus became one in the line of successors to the Serbian throne. Meanwhile, the nobles pursued their own interests, sometimes quarreling with each other.  Serbia, without an Emperor, became "a conglomerate of aristocratic territories", and the Empire was thus divided between the provincial lords: Marko Mrnjavčević, the Dejanović brothers, [[Đurađ I Balšić]], [[Vuk Branković]], [[Nikola Altomanović]], and [[Lazar Hrebeljanović]].<ref name=Corovic-3-XIII>{{harvnb|Ćorović|2001|loc=ch. 3, XIII}}</ref> In the new redistribution of feudal power, after 1371, the brothers ''despot'' Jovan and ''gospodin'' (lord) Konstantin greatly expanded their province, not only recreating their father's province, but also at least doubling the territory, on all sides, but chiefly to the south.<ref name=Mihaljcic-174>{{harvnb|Mihaljčić|1989|p=174}}</ref><ref name=igdisrs1994>{{cite book|author=Društvo istoričara SR Srbije|title=Istorijski glasnik|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ny9NAAAAYAAJ&q=Драгаши|year=1994|page=31|location=Belgrade}}</ref> The brothers ruled on the left riverside of the Vardar, from Kumanovo to Strumica.<ref name=Corovic-3-XIII/>  In 1373, two years after Maritsa, the first mentions are made on the events in the province of the Dejanović brothers, as well as their mutual relation.<ref name=ZRVI-1982-198>{{cite book|author=Vizantološki institut, SANU|title=Zbornik radova Vizantološkog instituta|publisher=Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti|year=1982|page=198}}</ref> As Marko had done, also the Dejanović brothers recognized Ottoman sovereignty.<ref name=Corovic-3-XIII/> Although vassals, they had their own government.<ref name=igdisrs1994/> Their state symbol was the white [[double-headed eagle]] and they minted coins according to the Nemanjić style.<ref>{{citation|title=Godišnjica Nikole Čupića|year=1914|volume=33|publisher=Štampa Državne štamparije Kraljevine Jugoslavije|location=Belgrade|page=228}}</ref>
 ==Family==
+{{commons category|Dejan (despot)}}
-{{commonscat|Dejanović noble family}}
+Dejan had two marriages. First with unknown noble called Vladislava, and second with Teodora.
-Dejan and Teodora had three children:
+Dejan and his first wife Vladislava had four children:
 *[[Jovan Dragaš|Jovan]] (ca. 1343 – ca. 1378), ''despot'' under Emperor Uroš; vassal of the Ottoman Empire since 1373 until his death in 1378.
 *[[Konstantin Dragaš|Konstantin]] ([[floruit|fl.]] 1365–95), ''gospodin'' under Emperor Uroš; succeeded his brother as vassal of the Ottoman Empire from 1378 until his death in 1395.
 *[[Teodora Dejanović|Teodora]] (fl. 1356–71), married firstly ''gospodin'' [[Žarko (nobleman)|Žarko]] (in 1356), then [[Đurađ I Balšić]] (after 1371). She had a son with Žarko, [[Mrkša Žarković|Mrkša]] (born 1363).
+* Dimitar Dragaš
 ==Annotations==
 {{Cnote2 Begin|liststyle=upper-alpha}}
-{{Cnote2|a|His name was '''Dejan''' ({{unicode|Дејан}}). He is usually referred to with his titles '''despot Dejan''' ({{unicode|деспот Дејан}}) and '''sevastokrator Dejan''' ({{unicode|севастократор Дејан}}) in Serbian sources. His son Jovan usually signed himself ''"despot Jovan Dragaš"'', or simply ''"despot Dragaš"'', while only one document mention Konstantin by this name. The ''Dragaš'' name was thus used by Jovan and Konstantin, and Jelena's son [[Constantine XI]]. There is possibility that Dejan also used this name, though he is never mentioned with it.<ref name=Ostrogorski-1970>{{harvnb|Ostrogorsky|1970|pp=273-274}}</ref>}}
+{{Cnote2|a|His name was '''Dejan''' (Дејан). He is usually referred to with his titles '''despot Dejan''' (деспот Дејан) and '''sevastokrator Dejan''' (севастократор Дејан) in Serbian sources. His son Jovan usually signed himself ''"despot Jovan Dragaš"'', or simply ''"despot Dragaš"'', while only one document mention Konstantin by this name. The ''Dragaš'' name was thus used by Jovan and Konstantin, and Jelena's son [[Constantine XI]]. There is possibility that Dejan also used this name, though he is never mentioned with it.<ref name=Ostrogorski-1970>{{harvnb|Ostrogorsky|1970|pp=273–274}}</ref>}}
 {{Cnote2 End}}
@@ Line 101: / Line 106: @@
 {{refbegin|2}}
-*{{citation| last=Blagojević |first=Miloš |authorlink=Miloš Blagojević |title= Državna uprava u srpskim srednjovekovnim zemljama | edition= 2nd | year= 2001 | url= http://books.google.com/books?id=srAVAQAAIAAJ | publisher= Službeni list SRJ| place=Belgrade| isbn=86-355-0497-6 |ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
+*{{citation| last=Blagojević |first=Miloš |author-link=Miloš Blagojević |title= Državna uprava u srpskim srednjovekovnim zemljama | edition= 2nd | year= 2001 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=srAVAQAAIAAJ | publisher= Službeni list SRJ| place=Belgrade| isbn=86-355-0497-6 |language=sr}}
+*{{citation| last=Blagojević |first=Miloš |author-link=Miloš Blagojević |title= Zakon gospodina Konstantina i carice Jevdokije | year= 2007 | url= http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0584-9888/2007/0584-98880744447B.pdf | publisher= Institute for Byzantine Studies of the [[Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts]] |place=Belgrade |journal=Recueil des travaux de l'Institut d'études byzantines| volume=44|language=sr}}
+*{{citation | last1=Ćirković |first1=Sima| author-link1=Sima Ćirković| last2=Mihaljčić|first2=Rade|author-link2=Rade Mihaljčić|title=Leksikon srpskog srednjeg veka|year=1999| publisher=Knowledge| place=Belgrade| isbn=86-83233-01-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AypYAAAAMAAJ|language=sr}}
-*{{citation| last=Blagojević |first=Miloš |authorlink=Miloš Blagojević |title= Zakon gospodina Konstantina i carice Jevdokije | year= 2007 | url= http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0584-9888/2007/0584-98880744447B.pdf | publisher= Institute for Byzantine Studies of the [[Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts]] |place=Belgrade |journal=Recueil des travaux de l’Institut d’etudes byzantines| volume=44}}<!--|ref=harv}}--> {{sr icon}}
+*{{citation | last=Ćorović |first= Vladimir | author-link= Vladimir Ćorović | title=Istorija srpskog naroda | edition=Internet | year=2001 | location=Belgrade | publisher=Ars Libri | url=http://www.rastko.rs/rastko-bl/istorija/corovic/istorija/index.html |language=sr}}
+*{{citation | last=Fajfrić |first=Željko | author-link= Željko Fajfrić | url= http://www.rastko.rs/istorija/loza_nemanjica/index.html|title=Sveta loza Stefana Nemanje | publisher= "Tehnologije, izdavastvo, agencija Janus", "Rastko" | orig-date=1998 | year=2000 | location=Belgrade | postscript=.|language=sr}}
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+*{{citation | last=Fine |first=John V. A. Jr. |author-link=John Van Antwerp Fine Jr. |title = The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest | publisher = [[University of Michigan Press]]| place =Ann Arbor | year = 1994 | isbn = 978-0-472-08260-5 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Hh0Bu8C66TsC}}
+*{{citation | author= Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=vSMKAQAAIAAJ | title= Istoriski glasnik | publisher= Naučna knjiga | year=1951 |language=sr}}
-*{{citation | last=Ćorović |first= Vladimir | authorlink= Vladimir Ćorović | title=Istorija srpskog naroda | edition=Internet | year=2001 | location=Belgrade | publisher=Ars Libri | url=http://www.rastko.rs/rastko-bl/istorija/corovic/istorija/index.html |ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
+*{{citation |author=Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije|title=Istorijski glasnik|volume=1-2|year=1953|publisher=Naučna knjiga|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L3s6AQAAIAAJ|language=sr}}
+*{{citation | last= Mandić | first= Svetislav | author-link= Svetislav Mandić | title= Velika gospoda sve srpske zemlje i drugi prosopografski prilozi | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=RPkyAAAAMAAJ | year= 1986 | publisher= Srpska književna zadruga| isbn= 978-86-379-0012-2 | place=Belgrade |language=sr}}
-*{{citation | last=Fajfrić |first=Željko | authorlink= Željko Fajfrić | url= http://www.rastko.rs/istorija/loza_nemanjica/index.html|title=Sveta loza Stefana Nemanje | publisher= "Tehnologije, izdavastvo, agencija Janus", "Rastko" | origyear=1998 | year=2000 | location=Belgrade | ref=harv | postscript=.}} {{sr icon}}
+*{{citation | last= Mandić | first= Svetislav | author-link= Svetislav Mandić | year= 1990 | title= Carski čin Stefana Nemanje: činjenice i pretpostavke o srpskom srednjovekovlju| publisher= Srpska književna zadruga| isbn= 978-86-379-0200-3 | place=Belgrade | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EltOAAAAMAAJ |language=sr}}
-*{{citation | last=Fine |first=John Van Antwerp |authorlink=John Van Antwerp Fine Jr. |title = The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest | publisher = [[University of Michigan Press]]| place =Ann Arbor | year = 1994 | isbn = 978-0-472-08260-5 | url = http://books.google.com/?id=Hh0Bu8C66TsC|ref=harv}}
+*{{citation | last= Mihaljčić | first= Rade | author-link= Rade Mihaljčić | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=V3FpAAAAMAAJ | title= Kraj srpskog carstva | publisher= Beogradski izdavačko-grafički zavod| place=Belgrade | year=1989 | isbn= 978-86-13-00346-5 | orig-date=1975 |language=sr}}
+*{{citation | author= Narodni muzej u Vranju | title= Vranjski glasnik | year= 1986 | volume= 19-20 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=O2lBAQAAIAAJ | location= Vranje | publisher= Narodni muzej u Vranju |language=sr}}
-*{{citation | author= Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije | url= http://books.google.com/books?id=vSMKAQAAIAAJ | title= Istoriski glasnik | publisher= Naučna knjiga | year=1951 | ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
+*{{citation | last= Ostrogorsky | first = George | author-link= George Ostrogorsky | title= Vizantija i Sloveni | year= 1970 | publisher= Prosveta| place=Belgrade | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mX8JAQAAIAAJ | pages= 43, 271–276, 457–459|language=sr}}
+*{{citation | last= Petković | first= Vladimir R. | url= http://www.rastko.rs/projekti/cm/1/vpetkovic-spomenici_l.html | title= Stari srpski spomenici u Južnoj Srbiji | publisher= Projekat Rastko | year=1924 |language=sr}}
+*{{cite book | last=Rajičić | first=Miodrag | author-link= Miodrag Rajičić | title=Sevastokrator Dejan|work=Jugoslovenski Glasnik 3-4|year=1953 |language=sr}}
-*{{citation |author=Istorisko Društvo NR Srbije|title=Istorijski glasnik|volume=1-2|year=1953|publisher=Naučna knjiga|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=L3s6AQAAIAAJ| ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
+*{{citation | last= Samardžić | first = Radovan | author-link= Radovan Samardžić | year=1892 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=KXNpAAAAMAAJ&q=Драгаш | title= Istorija srpskog naroda: Doba borbi za očuvanje i obnovu države 1371-1537 | publisher= Srpska knjiiževna zadruga| place=Belgrade | isbn=86-379-0476-9 |language=sr}}
-*{{citation | last= Mandić | first= Svetislav | authorlink= Svetislav Mandić | title= Velika gospoda sve srpske zemlje i drugi prosopografski prilozi | url= http://books.google.com/books?id=RPkyAAAAMAAJ | year= 1986 | publisher= Srpska književna zadruga| place=Belgrade | ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
+*{{citation | last=Soulis | first=George Christos | title=The Serbs and Byzantium during the reign of Tsar Stephen Dušan (1331-1355) and his successors|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NXFpAAAAMAAJ|year=1984|publisher=Dumbarton Oaks Library and Collection|isbn=978-0-88402-137-7}}
+*{{citation | author= Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=hgsWAQAAMAAJ| title= Istoriski časopis | volume= 4 | year= 1952 | publisher= Naučna knjiga |language=sr}}
-*{{citation | last= Mandić | first= Svetislav | authorlink= Svetislav Mandić | year= 1990 | title= Carski čin Stefana Nemanje: činjenice i pretpostavke o srpskom srednjovekovlju| publisher= Srpska književna zadruga| place=Belgrade | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=EltOAAAAMAAJ | ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
-*{{citation | last= Mihaljčić | first= Rade | authorlink= Rade Mihaljčić | url= http://books.google.com/books?id=V3FpAAAAMAAJ | title= Kraj srpskog carstva | publisher= Beogradski izdavačko-grafički zavod| place=Belgrade | year=1989 | origyear=1975 | ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
-*{{citation | author= Narodni muzej u Vranju | title= Vranjski glasnik | year= 1986 | volume= 19-20 | url= http://books.google.com/books?id=O2lBAQAAIAAJ | location= Vranje | publisher= Narodni muzej u Vranju | ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
-*{{citation | last= Ostrogorsky | first = George | authorlink= George Ostrogorsky | title= Vizantija i Sloveni | year= 1970 | publisher= Prosveta| place=Belgrade | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=mX8JAQAAIAAJ | pages= 43, 271-276, 457-459|ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
-*{{citation | last= Petković | first= Vladimir R. | url= http://www.rastko.rs/projekti/cm/1/vpetkovic-spomenici_l.html | title= Stari srpski spomenici u Južnoj Srbiji | publisher= Projekat Rastko | year=1924 | ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
-*{{cite book | last=Rajičić | first=Miodrag | authorlink= Miodrag Rajičić | title=Sevastokrator Dejan|work=Jugoslovenski Glasnik 3-4|year=1953}}<!--|ref=harv}}--> {{sr icon}}
-*{{citation | last= Samardžić | first = Radovan | authorlink= Radovan Samardžić | year=1892 | url= http://books.google.com/books?id=KXNpAAAAMAAJ&q=Драгаш | title= Istorija srpskog naroda: Doba borbi za očuvanje i obnovu države 1371-1537 | publisher= Srpska knjiiževna zadruga| place=Belgrade | isbn=86-379-0476-9 |ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
-*{{citation | last=Soulis | first=George Christos | title=The Serbs and Byzantium during the reign of Tsar Stephen Dušan (1331-1355) and his successors|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=NXFpAAAAMAAJ|year=1984|publisher=Dumbarton Oaks Library and Collection|isbn=978-0-88402-137-7|ref=harv}}
-*{{citation | author= Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti | url= http://books.google.com/books?id=hgsWAQAAMAAJ| title= Istoriski časopis | volume= 4 | year= 1952 | publisher= Naučna knjiga | ref=harv}} {{sr icon}}
 {{refend}}
 {{s-start}}
-{{s-reg|other}}
+{{s-court}}
 {{s-bef|before=[[Jovan Oliver]]|as=of the Serbian Kingdom}}
-{{s-ttl|title=[[Serbian Empire|Sevastokrator of the Serbian Empire]]|years=1346–1355|alongside=<nowiki></nowiki>
+{{s-ttl|title=''sevastokrator'' of Stefan Dušan|years=1346–1355|alongside=[[Branko Mladenović|Branko]] (1346–?)}}
-*[[Branko Mladenović|Branko]] (1346–?)
-}}
 {{s-aft|after=[[Vlatko Paskačić|Vlatko]]}}
 {{s-break}}
-{{s-bef|before=Jovan Oliver}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Jovan Oliver]], [[Jovan Asen]] and [[Simeon Uroš]]}}
-{{s-ttl|title=[[Serbian Empire|Despot of the Serbian Empire]]|years=after Aug 1356|alongside=
+{{s-ttl|title=''despot'' of Uroš V|years=after Aug 1356}}
-<nowiki></nowiki>
-*[[Jovan Asen]] (1346–1355)
-*[[Simeon Uroš]] (1346–1355)
-}}
 {{s-aft|after=[[Vukašin Mrnjavčević|Vukašin]]}}
-{{end}}
+{{s-end}}
-{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
-| NAME              = Dejan
-| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
-| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Serbian nobleman
-| DATE OF BIRTH     =
-| PLACE OF BIRTH    = [[Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)|Serbian Kingdom]]
-| DATE OF DEATH     =
-| PLACE OF DEATH    = Serbian Empire
-}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Dejan}}
-[[Category:People of the Serbian Empire]]
+[[Category:People from the Serbian Empire]]
-[[Category:14th-century rulers in Europe]]
 [[Category:14th-century Serbian nobility]]
-[[Category:Generals of Stephen Uroš IV Dušan]]
+[[Category:Generals of Stefan Dušan]]
-[[Category:Despots (court title)]]
+[[Category:Despots of the Serbian Empire]]
 [[Category:Sebastokrators]]
 [[Category:People from Pčinja District]]
-[[Category:Kumanovo]]
+[[Category:People from Kumanovo]]
 [[Category:14th-century Eastern Orthodox Christians]]
 [[Category:14th-century births]]
 [[Category:14th-century deaths]]
 [[Category:Dejanović noble family]]
-[[Category:Rulers in medieval Macedonia]]
+[[Category:People from medieval Macedonia]]
+[[Category:Medieval Serbian magnates]]
+[[Category:Ktetors]]
+[[Category:Founders of Christian monasteries]]
+[[Category:Boyars of Stefan Dušan]]