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{{short description|South African television channel}}
{{short description|South African television channel}}
{{mi|{{Cleanup rewrite|date=July 2024}}
{{Copy edit|date=July 2024}}}}
{{Infobox television channel
{{Infobox television channel
| name = SABC 2
| name = SABC 2
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| logo_alt = SABC 2's logo
| logo_alt = SABC 2's logo
| image =
| image =
| launch_date = 5 May 1975 (test transmission)<br />6 January 1976 (start of regular broadcasts, as SABC TV/SAUK-TV)<br />31 December 1981 (as TV1)<br />4 February 1996 (as SABC 2)
| launch_date = 5 May 1975 (test transmission)<br />6 January 1976 (start of regular broadcasts, as SABC TV/SAUK-TV)<br />31 December 1981 (as TV1)<br />4 February 1996 (as SABC 1)
| closed_date =
| closed_date =
| picture_format = [[1080i]] [[HDTV]]
| picture_format = [[1080i]] [[HDTV]]
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* [[Venda language|Venda]]<ref name="MDDA-draft">{{cite web|url=http://www.info.gov.za/view/DownloadFileAction?id=70339|title=The Media Development and Diversity Agency - a draft position paper|date=November 2000|publisher=South African Government Information|page=68|access-date=2008-11-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831080611/http://www.info.gov.za/view/DownloadFileAction?id=70339|archive-date=2009-08-31}}</ref>
* [[Venda language|Venda]]<ref name="MDDA-draft">{{cite web|url=http://www.info.gov.za/view/DownloadFileAction?id=70339|title=The Media Development and Diversity Agency - a draft position paper|date=November 2000|publisher=South African Government Information|page=68|access-date=2008-11-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831080611/http://www.info.gov.za/view/DownloadFileAction?id=70339|archive-date=2009-08-31}}</ref>
* [[Tsonga language|Tsonga]]
* [[Tsonga language|Tsonga]]
* [[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]]
* [[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]] (Removed)
* [[English language|English]]
* [[English language|English]]
}}
}}
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| affiliates =
| affiliates =
| headquarters = SABC Television Park, Uitsaaisentrum, [[Johannesburg]], {{Flag|South Africa}}
| headquarters = SABC Television Park, Uitsaaisentrum, [[Johannesburg]], {{Flag|South Africa}}
| former_names = TV1 (1981-1996)
| former_names = CCV TV
| replaced = SABC TV / SAUK-TV
| replaced = TV 2/3/4
| replaced_by =
| replaced_by =
| sister_channels =
| sister_channels =
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* [[SABC 1]]
* [[SABC 1]]
* [[SABC 3]]
* [[SABC 3]]
* [[SABC News|SABC NEWS]]
* [[SABC News|SABC NEWS]]
* [[SABC Lehae]]
* [[SABC Education]]
* [[SABC Education]]
* [[SABC Sport]]
* [[SABC Sport]]
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}}
}}


'''SABC 2''' is a South African family public television channel owned by the [[South African Broadcasting Corporation]] (SABC). SABC 2 broadcasts programming in English, [[Afrikaans language|Afrikaans]], [[Venda language|Venda]], and [[Tsonga language|Tsonga]].
'''SABC 2''' is a South African free-to-air television channel owned by the [[South African Broadcasting Corporation]] (SABC).

As of March 2024, SABC 2 broadcasts programming only in [[South African English|English]], [[Venda language|Venda]], [[Tsonga language|Tsonga]], [[Sotho language|Sotho]], [[Sepedi]] & [[Tswana language|Setswana]].


As of August 2018, the channel started broadcasting in high definition.
As of August 2018, the channel started broadcasting in high definition.


==History==
==History==
South Africa was already served by some closed-circuit systems in hotels before SABC TV started.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Business/World-Communicatiions-Unesco-1975.pdf |title=World Communications |date=1975 |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |accessdate=19 April 2024 |page=112 }}</ref> SABC began airing test cards in early 1975 on its transmitters<ref>{{cite web |url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC-YB/1977-TV-Factbook/1977-TV-Factbook.pdf |title=Television |date=March 1975 |accessdate=5 February 2024 |page=1121 }}</ref> and started trialling its first television service on 5 May 1975 in South Africa's largest cities, and officially launched its first television channel on 6 January 1976 under the name SABC Television/SAUK-Televisie. The launch of SABC TV caused South Africa to become the last country in the industrialised world to introduce television and had a viewership base of one million. As with other countries, the launch of television had negative effects in other sectors of the country's entertainment industry, especially cinemas. Within the corporation, SABC's regional radio stations would suffer from loss of listeners to the new television network, but Radio 5's playlists remained unchanged.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/70s/1976/Billboard%201976-02-14.pdf |title=Billboard |date=14 February 1976 |accessdate=5 February 2024 |page=46 }}</ref>
SABC began trialling its first television service on 5 May 1975 in South Africa's largest cities, and officially launched its first television channel on 6 January 1976 under the name SABC Television/SAUK-Televisie.

The service opened at 6pm with a bilingual opening speech presented by Heinrich Maritz (Afrikaans) and Dorianne Berry (English), the culmination of a five-year project. The first programme seen was a special presentation from the Children's and Youth division, in Afrikaans, which presented [[Haas Das se Nuuskas|Haas Kas]] and other characters produced by the unit. The English-language The Everywhere Express, which had been shown in the test service the previous year, was also introductory in nature.<ref name="UPretoria">{{cite web |title=TELEVISION COMES TO SOUTH AFRICA
|url=https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/24845/07chapter7.pdf?sequence=8&isAllowed=y |access-date=5 February 2024 |website=University of Pretoria |date=2008 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20220320094055/https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/24845/07chapter7.pdf?sequence=8&isAllowed=y |archive-date=20 March 2022}}</ref>

The official opening of the service was at 8pm with a speech from Prime Minister [[John Vorster]].<ref name="UPretoria"/>


As of 1977, the SABC TV service was delivered over eighteen transmitters:
As of 1977, the SABC TV service was delivered over eighteen transmitters:
Line 78: Line 88:
*Welverdiend-Potchefstroom: channel 7<ref name=tvfactbook></ref>
*Welverdiend-Potchefstroom: channel 7<ref name=tvfactbook></ref>


Two years after launch, a South African Sunday newspaper called the service "prissy and pricey": "prissy" due to the strict moral standards of the SABC and "pricey" due to the high costs of both buying a television set and paying the licence fee. The introduction of television advertising would at the time threaten advertisers in newspapers. The schedule lasted for five hours (6pm to 11pm, earlier closing on Sunday nights) with a few hours of sports on Saturdays. On a technical level, the SABC claimed to have the highest standards, but not at programming level. The service was also touted as a propaganda vehicle for the then-ruling [[National Party (South Africa)|National Party]].<ref>{{cite news|title=The black and white TV show|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/newnation19780108-1.2.53|access-date=6 February 2024|newspaper=New Nation|date=8 January 1978}}</ref>
⚫
On 1 January 1982, it changed its name to TV1, with the launch of two new services: TV2 broadcasting in [[Zulu language|Zulu]] and [[Xhosa language|Xhosa]] and TV3 broadcasting in [[Sotho language|Sotho]] and [[Tswana language|Tswana]], both targeted at a Black urban audience and broadcasting on the same television frequency.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rJ-uCwAAQBAJ&dq=TV2+broadcasting+in+Zulu+and+Xhosa+and+TV3+broadcasting+in+Sotho+and+Tswana%2C&pg=PA222|title=The Press and Apartheid: Repression and Propaganda in South Africa|first1=William A.|last1= Hachten|first2= C. Anthony |last2=Giffard |publisher=Springer|year=1984|page=222|isbn=9781349076857}}</ref> The main network, now called TV1, divided its broadcasting languages evenly between English and Afrikaans, as before. In 1986, a new service called TV4 was introduced, carrying sports and entertainment programming, also timesharing with TV2 and TV3 on the same frequency, which stopped broadcasting at 9:30pm.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NcQZ1D366t8C&q=%22TV4%22++&pg=PA68|title=Communication and Democratic Reform in South Africa|first=Robert B. |last=Horwitz|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year= 2001|page=68|isbn=9781139428699}}</ref>

By 1979, the broadcasts were picked up by 80% of the white population and 42% of the black population.<ref name="UPretoria"/>

⚫
On 1 January 1982, two television channels were introduced: TV2 broadcasting in [[Zulu language|Zulu]] and [[Xhosa language|Xhosa]] and TV3 broadcasting in [[Sotho language|Sotho]] and [[Tswana language|Tswana]], both targeted at a Black urban audience and broadcasting on the same television frequency.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rJ-uCwAAQBAJ&dq=TV2+broadcasting+in+Zulu+and+Xhosa+and+TV3+broadcasting+in+Sotho+and+Tswana%2C&pg=PA222|title=The Press and Apartheid: Repression and Propaganda in South Africa|first1=William A.|last1= Hachten|first2= C. Anthony |last2=Giffard |publisher=Springer|year=1984|page=222|isbn=9781349076857}}</ref> The main network, now called TV1, divided its broadcasting languages evenly between English and Afrikaans, as before. In 1986, a new service called TV4 was introduced, carrying sports and entertainment programming, also timesharing with TV2 and TV3 on the same frequency, which stopped broadcasting at 9:30pm.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NcQZ1D366t8C&q=%22TV4%22++&pg=PA68|title=Communication and Democratic Reform in South Africa|first=Robert B. |last=Horwitz|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year= 2001|page=68|isbn=9781139428699}}</ref>


In 1991, TV2, TV3 and TV4 were merged into a new full-fledged network, CCV (Contemporary Community Values).<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RxB1AAAAMAAJ&q=%22contemporary+community+values%22+sabc|title=South Africa: Official Yearbook of the Republic of South Africa|publisher= Department of Information|year=1992|page=131|isbn=9780797025769}}</ref> A separate network was introduced, TopSport Surplus (TSS), with TopSport being the brand name for the SABC's sport coverage. However, it was replaced by NNTV (National Network TV), an educational non-commercial channel in 1994.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-NRDAQAAIAAJ&q=%22february+11%22++ |title=The voice, the vision: a sixty year history of the South African Broadcasting Corporation|first1= Malcolm |last1=Theunissen|first2= Victor |last2=Nikitin|first3= Melanie |last3=Pillay|publisher=Advent Graphics|year=1996|page=127|isbn=9780620207867}}</ref>
In 1991, TV2, TV3 and TV4 were merged into a new full-fledged network, CCV (Contemporary Community Values).<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RxB1AAAAMAAJ&q=%22contemporary+community+values%22+sabc|title=South Africa: Official Yearbook of the Republic of South Africa|publisher= Department of Information|year=1992|page=131|isbn=9780797025769}}</ref> A separate network was introduced, TopSport Surplus (TSS), with TopSport being the brand name for the SABC's sport coverage. However, it was replaced by NNTV (National Network TV), an educational non-commercial channel in 1994.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-NRDAQAAIAAJ&q=%22february+11%22++ |title=The voice, the vision: a sixty year history of the South African Broadcasting Corporation|first1= Malcolm |last1=Theunissen|first2= Victor |last2=Nikitin|first3= Melanie |last3=Pillay|publisher=Advent Graphics|year=1996|page=127|isbn=9780620207867}}</ref>

⚫
In 1996, the SABC reorganised its three TV networks with the aim of making them more representative of the various language groups. These were renamed to SABC 1 (formerly CCV), SABC 2 (formerly TV1) and SABC 3 (formerly NNTV). The amount of time allocated to Afrikaans-language programming on the new channel (SABC 2) fell from 50% to 15% - a move that alienated Afrikaans speakers.
An agreement was signed with [[Sky News]] on 21 September 1993, enabling TV1 to air the channel during off-air hours from 3 October that year, akin to sister channel CCV which already had a contract with [[CNN International]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Murdoch enters African market|url=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/digitised/article/straitstimes19930923-1.2.52.5.2|access-date=21 July 2024|newspaper=The Straits Times|date=23 September 1993}}</ref> In 1994, with post-Apartheid democratisation, it was suggested that TV1 should broadcast entirely in English.<ref>"SABC changes slowly in the new South Africa", ''Africa Film & TV Magazine'', nº. 4, September 1994</ref>

⚫
In 1996, the SABC reorganised its three TV networks with the aim of making them more representative of the various language groups.<ref name="123SABC">"1, 2, 3, SABC!", ''Africa Film & TV Magazine'', nº. 9, April-June 1996</ref> These were renamed to SABC 1 (formerly TV1), SABC 2 (formerly CCV) and SABC 3 (formerly NNTV). The amount of time allocated to Afrikaans-language programming on the new channel (SABC 2) fell from 50% to 15% - a move that alienated Afrikaans speakers. A spokesman for the SABC said that such a reduction was "inevitable in the post apartheid era", and that the SABC had not abided to the IBA's recommendations.<ref name="123SABC"></ref>

Under the new format, 40% of SABC 2's schedule was in English, with the remaining 60% given to the other languages.<ref name="123SABC"></ref> The new service catered at Afrikaans and Sotho speakers during prime time, all-day language breakdown was as of the time of the change: 41% English, 15% Afrikaans, 8% Sepedi, 6% Sesotho, 8% Setswana and 1% each for Xitsonga and Tshivenda. 21% of its programming was multilingual.<ref name="123SABC"></ref>

For 2002, the channel was committed to be "the voice, the heart and the mind of South Africans", owing to its broadcast footprint - the largest out of any SABC terrestrial network. Aiming at increasing its audiences in the Black and Afrikaans sectors, the channel sought to increase its local offering, reflecting individual South African cultures and communities. Three new projects were being developed, The Res, Dark City and Zero Tolerance. [[7de Laan]] increased its number of weekly episodes to four, while [[Muvhango]] was planned to enter its third season in April that year.<ref>"SABC 2 - plans for 2002", ''Africa Film & TV Magazine'', nº. 32, February-April 2002</ref>


== Programming ==
== Programming ==
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=== Soapies, dramas and telenovelas ===
=== Soapies, dramas and telenovelas ===
The channel is popular for its two longest-running soapies ''[[7de Laan]]'' and ''[[Muvhango]]'', dramas such as ''Erfsonders'', ''Gerramtes in die Kas'', ''Roer Jouy Voete'' and ''90 Plein Street'', and Telenovelas such as ''Keeping Score'', ''[[Giyani: Land of Blood]]'' and ''Die Senturm''.
The channel is popular for its two longest-running soapies ''[[7de Laan]]'' and ''[[Muvhango]]'', dramas such as ''Erfsondes'', ''Geraamtes in die Kas'', ''Roer Jou Voete'' and ''90 Plein Street'', and Telenovelas such as ''Keeping Score'', ''[[Giyani: Land of Blood]]'' and ''Die Sentrum''.


=== Series ===
=== Series ===
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=== Religion ===
=== Religion ===
The channel has religious shows aimed at Christianity, Judaism and Hinduism. Local shows include longest running show ''It's Gospel Time'', ''Gospel Classics'', ''Psalted'' ["Simcha"], ''Derech Erets'', and ''Issues of Faith''.
The channel has religious shows aimed at Christianity, Judaism and Hinduism. Local shows include longest running show ''It's Gospel Time'', ''Gospel Classics'', ''Psalted'' ["Simcha"], ''Derech Eretz'', and ''Issues of Faith''.


=== Sports ===
=== Sports ===
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=== News and current affairs ===
=== News and current affairs ===
The channel provides three primetime bulletins for the [[Tshivenda|TshiVenda]]/[[Xitsonga|xiTsonga]], [[Afrikaans]], and [[SeSotho|Sotho]]/[[SeTswana|Setswana]]/[[Sepedi]] languages. In addition, it has current affairs programmes including ''Fokus'', ''Ngula Ya Vutivi'', ''Zwa Maramani'' and ''Leihlo La Sechaba''. It also airs the longest-running breakfast show ''Morning Live''. It is known for national events such as presidential inaugurations, [[State of the Nation Address (South Africa)|State of the Nation Address]], Budget Speeches, and parliamentary events.
The channel provides two primetime bulletins for the [[Tshivenda|TshiVenda]]/[[Xitsonga|xiTsonga]], and [[SeSotho|Sotho]]/[[SeTswana|Setswana]]/[[Sepedi]] languages. In addition, it has current affairs programmes including ''Ngula Ya Vutivi'', ''Zwa Maramani'' and ''Leihlo La Sechaba''. It also airs the longest-running breakfast show ''Morning Live''. It is known for national events such as presidential inaugurations, [[State of the Nation Address (South Africa)|State of the Nation Address]], Budget Speeches, and parliamentary events. On 4 March 2024, the [[Afrikaans]] bulletin has been moved to [[SABC 3]] on Mondays to Fridays @ 20:30 and Weekends @ 18:15.


=== Movies ===
=== Movies ===
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{{Main article|List of children and youth programs produced by the SABC}}
{{Main article|List of children and youth programs produced by the SABC}}
SABC 2 has a roster of shows from its SABC Education slate, most notably ''[[Takalani Sesame]]'', ''It's For Life'', ''The Epic Hangout'',among others, and also brings educational shows on how to manage money and a focus on senior citizens, as well as other children's shows from [[Disney Junior]], either in their original [[South African English|English]] soundtrack or dubbed in [[South Africa]]n languages, such as ''[[The Lion Guard]]'' in [[isiZulu]], ''[[Ben 10 (2016 TV series)|Ben 10]]'' in [[Afrikaans]] and ''[[Doc McStuffins]]'' in [[SeSotho|Sotho]]. For teens and preteens it offers comedy series from [[Disney Channel]] and [[Nickelodeon]], such as ''[[ICarly]]'', ''[[True Jackson, VP]]'', ''[[A.N.T. Farm]]'', ''[[Sanjay and Craig]]'', ''[[The Sparticle Mystery]]'', ''[[Star Falls]]'' and ''Cookabout'', as well as local series including ''Signal High'', ''Snake Park'' and ''[[Hectic Nine-9]]''. Content that is most watched among the youth is the 17:00 slot, for airing anime series from [[Toei Animation]], Studio Pierrot and [[TV Tokyo]], notably airing popular series that have a cult following such as ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters|Yu-Gi-Oh!]]'', ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! GX]]'', ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's]]'', ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! Arc-V|Yu-Gi-Oh! ARC-V]]'', ''[[Beyblade (manga)|Beyblade]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball (TV series)|Dragon Ball]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball Z]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball Z Kai]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball GT]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball Super|Dragon Ball SUPER]]'', ''[[Naruto|Naruto Shippuden]]'', ''[[One Piece (anime)|One Piece]]'' and ''[[Bleach (TV series)|Bleach]]''.
SABC 2 has a roster of shows from its SABC Education slate, most notably ''[[Takalani Sesame]]'', ''It's For Life'', ''The Epic Hangout'',among others, and also brings educational shows on how to manage money and a focus on senior citizens, as well as other children's shows from [[Disney Junior]], either in their original [[South African English|English]] soundtrack or dubbed in [[South Africa]]n languages, such as ''[[The Lion Guard]]'' in [[isiZulu]], ''[[Ben 10 (2016 TV series)|Ben 10]]'' in [[Afrikaans]] and ''[[Doc McStuffins]]'' in [[SeSotho|Sotho]]. For teens and preteens it offers comedy series from [[Disney Channel]] and [[Nickelodeon]], such as ''[[ICarly]]'', ''[[True Jackson, VP]]'', ''[[A.N.T. Farm]]'', ''[[Sanjay and Craig]]'', ''[[The Sparticle Mystery]]'', ''[[Star Falls]]'' and ''Cookabout'', as well as local series including ''Signal High'', ''Snake Park'' and ''[[Hectic Nine-9]]''. Content that is most watched among the youth is the 17:00 slot, for airing anime series from [[Toei Animation]], Studio Pierrot and [[TV Tokyo]], notably airing popular series that have a cult following such as ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters|Yu-Gi-Oh!]]'', ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! GX]]'', ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's]]'', ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! Arc-V|Yu-Gi-Oh! ARC-V]]'', ''[[Beyblade (manga)|Beyblade]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball (TV series)|Dragon Ball]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball Z]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball Z Kai]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball GT]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball Super|Dragon Ball SUPER]]'', ''[[Naruto|Naruto Shippuden]]'', ''[[One Piece (anime)|One Piece]]'' and ''[[Bleach (TV series)|Bleach]]''.

== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[List of South African media]]
* [[List of South African media]]
Line 130: Line 151:


[[Category:Television stations in South Africa]]
[[Category:Television stations in South Africa]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1996]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1976]]
[[Category:Afrikaans-language television]]
[[Category:Afrikaans-language television]]

Revision as of 14:27, 27 September 2024

SABC 2
Country South Africa
Broadcast area South Africa
NetworkSABC
HeadquartersSABC Television Park, Uitsaaisentrum, Johannesburg,  South Africa
Programming
Language(s)
Picture format1080i HDTV
Ownership
OwnerSABC
Sister channels
History
Launched5 May 1975 (test transmission)
6 January 1976 (start of regular broadcasts, as SABC TV/SAUK-TV)
31 December 1981 (as TV1)
4 February 1996 (as SABC 1)
ReplacedTV 2/3/4
Former namesCCV TV
Links
Websitewww.sabc2.co.za
Availability
Terrestrial
SentechChannel depends on nearest Sentech repeater

SABC 2 is a South African free-to-air television channel owned by the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC).

As of March 2024, SABC 2 broadcasts programming only in English, Venda, Tsonga, Sotho, Sepedi & Setswana.

As of August 2018, the channel started broadcasting in high definition.

History

South Africa was already served by some closed-circuit systems in hotels before SABC TV started.[2] SABC began airing test cards in early 1975 on its transmitters[3] and started trialling its first television service on 5 May 1975 in South Africa's largest cities, and officially launched its first television channel on 6 January 1976 under the name SABC Television/SAUK-Televisie. The launch of SABC TV caused South Africa to become the last country in the industrialised world to introduce television and had a viewership base of one million. As with other countries, the launch of television had negative effects in other sectors of the country's entertainment industry, especially cinemas. Within the corporation, SABC's regional radio stations would suffer from loss of listeners to the new television network, but Radio 5's playlists remained unchanged.[4]

The service opened at 6pm with a bilingual opening speech presented by Heinrich Maritz (Afrikaans) and Dorianne Berry (English), the culmination of a five-year project. The first programme seen was a special presentation from the Children's and Youth division, in Afrikaans, which presented Haas Kas and other characters produced by the unit. The English-language The Everywhere Express, which had been shown in the test service the previous year, was also introductory in nature.[5]

The official opening of the service was at 8pm with a speech from Prime Minister John Vorster.[5]

As of 1977, the SABC TV service was delivered over eighteen transmitters:

  • Alverstone-Durban-Pinetown: channel 4[6]
  • Bloemfontein: channel 9[6]
  • Cape Town: channel 8[6]
  • Davel-Bethal-Ermelo: channel 22 (UHF)[6]
  • East London: channel 9[6]
  • George Mosselbay: channel 5[6]
  • Glencoe-Dundee: channel 27 (UHF)[6]
  • Hartbeesfontein-Klerksdorp: channel 45 (UHF)[6]
  • Johannesburg: channel 13[6]
  • Kimberley: channel 4[6]
  • Kroonstad: channel 57 (UHF)[6]
  • Middelburg-Witbank: channel 41 (UHF)[6]
  • Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage: channel 7[6]
  • Port Shepstone-Margate: channel 8[6]
  • Pretoria: channel 5[6]
  • Theunissen: channel 5[6]
  • Villiersdorp: channel 7[6]
  • Welverdiend-Potchefstroom: channel 7[6]

Two years after launch, a South African Sunday newspaper called the service "prissy and pricey": "prissy" due to the strict moral standards of the SABC and "pricey" due to the high costs of both buying a television set and paying the licence fee. The introduction of television advertising would at the time threaten advertisers in newspapers. The schedule lasted for five hours (6pm to 11pm, earlier closing on Sunday nights) with a few hours of sports on Saturdays. On a technical level, the SABC claimed to have the highest standards, but not at programming level. The service was also touted as a propaganda vehicle for the then-ruling National Party.[7]

By 1979, the broadcasts were picked up by 80% of the white population and 42% of the black population.[5]

On 1 January 1982, two television channels were introduced: TV2 broadcasting in Zulu and Xhosa and TV3 broadcasting in Sotho and Tswana, both targeted at a Black urban audience and broadcasting on the same television frequency.[8] The main network, now called TV1, divided its broadcasting languages evenly between English and Afrikaans, as before. In 1986, a new service called TV4 was introduced, carrying sports and entertainment programming, also timesharing with TV2 and TV3 on the same frequency, which stopped broadcasting at 9:30pm.[9]

In 1991, TV2, TV3 and TV4 were merged into a new full-fledged network, CCV (Contemporary Community Values).[10] A separate network was introduced, TopSport Surplus (TSS), with TopSport being the brand name for the SABC's sport coverage. However, it was replaced by NNTV (National Network TV), an educational non-commercial channel in 1994.[11]

An agreement was signed with Sky News on 21 September 1993, enabling TV1 to air the channel during off-air hours from 3 October that year, akin to sister channel CCV which already had a contract with CNN International.[12] In 1994, with post-Apartheid democratisation, it was suggested that TV1 should broadcast entirely in English.[13]

In 1996, the SABC reorganised its three TV networks with the aim of making them more representative of the various language groups.[14] These were renamed to SABC 1 (formerly TV1), SABC 2 (formerly CCV) and SABC 3 (formerly NNTV). The amount of time allocated to Afrikaans-language programming on the new channel (SABC 2) fell from 50% to 15% - a move that alienated Afrikaans speakers. A spokesman for the SABC said that such a reduction was "inevitable in the post apartheid era", and that the SABC had not abided to the IBA's recommendations.[14]

Under the new format, 40% of SABC 2's schedule was in English, with the remaining 60% given to the other languages.[14] The new service catered at Afrikaans and Sotho speakers during prime time, all-day language breakdown was as of the time of the change: 41% English, 15% Afrikaans, 8% Sepedi, 6% Sesotho, 8% Setswana and 1% each for Xitsonga and Tshivenda. 21% of its programming was multilingual.[14]

For 2002, the channel was committed to be "the voice, the heart and the mind of South Africans", owing to its broadcast footprint - the largest out of any SABC terrestrial network. Aiming at increasing its audiences in the Black and Afrikaans sectors, the channel sought to increase its local offering, reflecting individual South African cultures and communities. Three new projects were being developed, The Res, Dark City and Zero Tolerance. 7de Laan increased its number of weekly episodes to four, while Muvhango was planned to enter its third season in April that year.[15]

Programming

After the SABC restructured its television channels, SABC 2 took the place of the old TV1 channel. The reduced prominence of Afrikaans angered many speakers of the language, although the channel still features a significant amount of Afrikaans programming, including a news broadcast every week night at 19:00 and weekends at 18:00.

M-Net seeing the market need, launched the Afrikaans subscription channel KykNet in 1999 and followed in 2005 with the music channel MK (originally known as MK89.) In 2009, M-Net launched Koowee, a kids channel broadcasting in Afrikaans.

Soapies, dramas and telenovelas

The channel is popular for its two longest-running soapies 7de Laan and Muvhango, dramas such as Erfsondes, Geraamtes in die Kas, Roer Jou Voete and 90 Plein Street, and Telenovelas such as Keeping Score, Giyani: Land of Blood and Die Sentrum.

Series

SABC 2 has in the past, broadcast international series such as NCIS, Pretty Little Liars, Teen Wolf and The Vampire Diaries. However, the channel is currently focused on local reality and actuality series such as Speak Out, Relate, and Saving Our Marriage, comedies such as Ga Re Dumele and Ke Ba Bolleletse, and a few international series such as American Ninja Warrior.

Talk and magazine

The channel has a small number of talk, travel and magazine shows. Shows include Motswako, Vusaseki, Nhlalala ya Rixaka, 50/50, Voetspore and TalkAbility.

Music

SABC 2 plays local afro-soul and pop music interludes in between shows. It also has music shows such as Afro Cafè, Soul'd Out Sessions, Kliphard, Musiek Roulette and Noot vir Noot.

Religion

The channel has religious shows aimed at Christianity, Judaism and Hinduism. Local shows include longest running show It's Gospel Time, Gospel Classics, Psalted ["Simcha"], Derech Eretz, and Issues of Faith.

Sports

SABC 2 rarely broadcasts live sports due to funding issues, and instead focuses on sporting highlights. It is mostly focused on boxing, rugby, swimming and athletics.

News and current affairs

The channel provides two primetime bulletins for the TshiVenda/xiTsonga, and Sotho/Setswana/Sepedi languages. In addition, it has current affairs programmes including Ngula Ya Vutivi, Zwa Maramani and Leihlo La Sechaba. It also airs the longest-running breakfast show Morning Live. It is known for national events such as presidential inaugurations, State of the Nation Address, Budget Speeches, and parliamentary events. On 4 March 2024, the Afrikaans bulletin has been moved to SABC 3 on Mondays to Fridays @ 20:30 and Weekends @ 18:15.

Movies

The channel is known for family-friendly and dramatic movies, autobiographies and animated movies.

Youth and education

Main article: List of children and youth programs produced by the SABC

SABC 2 has a roster of shows from its SABC Education slate, most notably Takalani Sesame, It's For Life, The Epic Hangout,among others, and also brings educational shows on how to manage money and a focus on senior citizens, as well as other children's shows from Disney Junior, either in their original English soundtrack or dubbed in South African languages, such as The Lion Guard in isiZulu, Ben 10 in Afrikaans and Doc McStuffins in Sotho. For teens and preteens it offers comedy series from Disney Channel and Nickelodeon, such as ICarly, True Jackson, VP, A.N.T. Farm, Sanjay and Craig, The Sparticle Mystery, Star Falls and Cookabout, as well as local series including Signal High, Snake Park and Hectic Nine-9. Content that is most watched among the youth is the 17:00 slot, for airing anime series from Toei Animation, Studio Pierrot and TV Tokyo, notably airing popular series that have a cult following such as Yu-Gi-Oh!, Yu-Gi-Oh! GX, Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's, Yu-Gi-Oh! ARC-V, Beyblade, Dragon Ball, Dragon Ball Z, Dragon Ball Z Kai, Dragon Ball GT, Dragon Ball SUPER, Naruto Shippuden, One Piece and Bleach.

See also

References

  1. ^ "The Media Development and Diversity Agency - a draft position paper". South African Government Information. November 2000. p. 68. Archived from the original on 2009-08-31. Retrieved 2008-11-30.
  2. ^ "World Communications" (PDF). UNESCO. 1975. p. 112. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  3. ^ "Television" (PDF). March 1975. p. 1121. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  4. ^ "Billboard" (PDF). 14 February 1976. p. 46. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  5. ^ a b c "TELEVISION COMES TO SOUTH AFRICA" (PDF). University of Pretoria. 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 5 February 2024.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r "Television Factbook" (PDF). 1977. p. 1121. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  7. ^ "The black and white TV show". New Nation. 8 January 1978. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  8. ^ Hachten, William A.; Giffard, C. Anthony (1984). The Press and Apartheid: Repression and Propaganda in South Africa. Springer. p. 222. ISBN 9781349076857.
  9. ^ Horwitz, Robert B. (2001). Communication and Democratic Reform in South Africa. Cambridge University Press. p. 68. ISBN 9781139428699.
  10. ^ South Africa: Official Yearbook of the Republic of South Africa. Department of Information. 1992. p. 131. ISBN 9780797025769.
  11. ^ Theunissen, Malcolm; Nikitin, Victor; Pillay, Melanie (1996). The voice, the vision: a sixty year history of the South African Broadcasting Corporation. Advent Graphics. p. 127. ISBN 9780620207867.
  12. ^ "Murdoch enters African market". The Straits Times. 23 September 1993. Retrieved 21 July 2024.
  13. ^ "SABC changes slowly in the new South Africa", Africa Film & TV Magazine, nº. 4, September 1994
  14. ^ a b c d "1, 2, 3, SABC!", Africa Film & TV Magazine, nº. 9, April-June 1996
  15. ^ "SABC 2 - plans for 2002", Africa Film & TV Magazine, nº. 32, February-April 2002
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