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A small press is a publisher with annual sales below a certain level or below a certain number of titles published. The terms "indie publisher" and "independent press" and others are sometimes used interchangeably.

Independent press is generally defined as publishers that are not part of large conglomerates or multinational corporations. Many small presses rely on specialization in genre fiction, poetry, or limited-edition books or magazines, but there are also thousands that focus on niche non-fiction markets.

Definitions

In the United States, a small press is considered to be a publisher with an annual turnover of under $50 million, or those that publish on average 10 or fewer titles per year.^[1]

Other terms for small press, sometimes distinguished from each other and sometimes used interchangeably, are small publishers, independent publishers, or indie presses.^[1]

Independent publishers (as defined above) made up about half of the market share of the book publishing industry in the US in 2007.^[2] The majority of small presses are independent or indie publishers, meaning that they are separate from the handful of major publishing house conglomerates, such as Random House or Hachette.^[3]

Characteristics

Since the profit margins for small presses can be narrow, many are driven by other motives, including the desire to help disseminate literature with only a small likely market. Many presses are also associated with crowdfunding efforts that help connect authors with readers.^[4] Small presses tend to fill the niches that larger publishers neglect. They can focus on regional titles, narrow specializations and niche genres. They can also make up for commercial clout by creating a reputation for academic knowledge, vigorously pursuing prestigious literature prizes and spending more effort nurturing the careers of new authors.^[5] At its most minimal, small press production consists of chapbooks. This role can now be taken on by desktop publishing and web sites. This still leaves a continuum of small press publishing: from specialist periodicals, short runs or print-to-order of low-demand books, to fine art books and limited editions of collectors' items printed to high standards.

Micro-presses

There is now also a distinction made between small presses and micro-presses. A micro-press can be defined as a publisher that produces chapbooks and other small books on a very small scale (e.g. 50 copies of one book per year). It can also be defined in terms of revenue. Micro-presses are often run as a hobby or part-time job because of their low profits. They may not produce enough profit to support their owners.^[2]

In Canada, these are considered small press publishers, but the standard small press book run is accepted at 300 copies of a chapbook and 500 or more copies of a spine-bound book. In doing this, small press publishers are eligible for grants from the Ontario Arts Council and the Canada Council.^{[citation needed]}

Not to be confused with

Small presses should not be confused with self-publishing presses (sometimes called "vanity presses"). Self-publishing or subsidy presses usually require payment by authors, or a minimum purchase of copies. By comparison, small presses make their profits by selling books to consumers, rather than selling services to authors or selling a small number of copies to the author's friends.

Small presses should not be confused with printers. Small presses are publishers, which means that they engage in a book selection process, along with editing, marketing and distribution. Small presses also enter into a contract with the author, often paying royalties for being allowed to sell the book. Publishers own the copies they have printed, but usually do not own the copyright to the book itself. In contrast, printers merely print a book, and sometimes offer limited distribution if they are a POD printing press. Printers have a very low selectivity. They will accept nearly anyone who can pay the cost of printing. They rarely offer editing or marketing. Printers do not own the copies that are printed, and they do not pay royalties.

Book packagers combine aspects of small presses and printers, but they are technically neither small presses nor printers.

History

Small presses became distinguishable from jobbing printers at some time towards the end of the nineteenth century. The roots lie with the Arts and Crafts movement, particularly the Kelmscott Press. The use of small letterpress machines by amateur printers increased proportionately to the mechanization of commercial printing. Later, the advance of practical lithography made small press publication much easier. The 1960s and 1970s are considered the small press's golden age in the USA. The unprecedented proliferation of small and independent publishers at the time was a result of the so-called 'Mimeo Revolution' and the proliferation of DIY and affordable reproduction technologies.^[6]

A recent burgeoning of small presses has been caused by the introduction of digital printing, especially print on demand technology. Combined with Internet based marketing, digital typesetting, design tools with the rise of eBooks, the new printing technologies have lowered the economic barriers to entry, allowing many new niches to be served, and many new publishers to enter the industry. A notable boom of small press publishing has been observed since the 2008 economic crisis.^[7]

By country

Australia

Small presses have played a significant part historically in recognising new voices and publishing notable works of literary fiction in Australia,^[8] but the market was seen as a tough one in 1999, despite about 80 per cent of the Australian Publishers Association being small book publishers (defined as those with less than AU$2m), nearly all Australian-owned.^[9]

In recent years, though, the small publishers have especially made gains as big publishers have backed away from publishing literary works. Small press publications have won some of the greatest literary prizes, including the Stella Prize, the Prime Minister's Literary Award for Fiction and the Miles Franklin Literary Award. There was a strong upward trend in the number of titles published by small press and shortlisted for the Miles Franklin and the PM's Fiction Awards in the two years preceding 2017.^[8]

The Small Press Network (SPN), located at the Wheeler Centre in Melbourne, represents small and independent publishers in Australia, which promotes independent publishing and supports diversity within the industry "as a vital component of Australian literary culture". Founded in 2006, it has grown to represent more than 140 members in Australia and New Zealand. Its members include such publishers as the Griffith Review, National Library of Australia Publishing, Scribe and Wakefield Press, as well as many smaller publishers.^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b "Complete Guide to Small Press Publishing: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly of Small Presses for Writers". TCK publishing. 9 November 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
^ ^a ^b Herman, Jeff Herman's Guide To Book Publishers, Editors & Literary Agents, 2007, p. 131.
^ "Independent Book Publishers Statistics – WordsRated". 2023-01-19. Retrieved 2024-01-22.
^ "Kickstarting a books revolution: the literary crowdfunding boom". the Guardian. June 5, 2015.
^ Herman, Jeff Herman's Guide To Book Publishers, Editors & Literary Agents, 2007, pp. 131–132, 367–372.
^ Phillips, Rodney (1998). Clay, Stephen (ed.). A secret location on the Lower East Side: adventures in writing, 1960 - 1980 ; a sourcebook of information. New York Public Library (1. publ ed.). New York: The New York Publ. Library [u.a.] ISBN 978-1-887123-19-8.
^ Colby, Georgina; Marczewska, Kaja; Wilson, Leigh, eds. (2020). The contemporary small press: making publishing visible. New directions in book history. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-030-48783-6.
^ ^a ^b Stinson, Emmett (4 May 2018). "Friday essay: the remarkable, prize-winning rise of our small publishers". The Conversation. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
^ Poland, Louise (1 December 1999). "Independent Australian Publishers and the Acquisition of Books". Journal of Australian Studies. Archived from the original on 22 October 2012.
^ "About SPN". Small Press Network. Retrieved 18 April 2019.

External links

Small Press collections held at University College London

[tck-1] "Complete Guide to Small Press Publishing: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly of Small Presses for Writers". TCK publishing. 9 November 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2019.

[defined-2] Herman, Jeff Herman's Guide To Book Publishers, Editors & Literary Agents, 2007, p. 131.

[3] "Independent Book Publishers Statistics – WordsRated". 2023-01-19. Retrieved 2024-01-22.

[4] "Kickstarting a books revolution: the literary crowdfunding boom". the Guardian. June 5, 2015.

[5] Herman, Jeff Herman's Guide To Book Publishers, Editors & Literary Agents, 2007, pp. 131–132, 367–372.

[6] Phillips, Rodney (1998). Clay, Stephen (ed.). A secret location on the Lower East Side: adventures in writing, 1960 - 1980 ; a sourcebook of information. New York Public Library (1. publ ed.). New York: The New York Publ. Library [u.a.] ISBN 978-1-887123-19-8.

[7] Colby, Georgina; Marczewska, Kaja; Wilson, Leigh, eds. (2020). The contemporary small press: making publishing visible. New directions in book history. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-3-030-48783-6.

[conv-8] Stinson, Emmett (4 May 2018). "Friday essay: the remarkable, prize-winning rise of our small publishers". The Conversation. Retrieved 18 April 2019.

[journal-9] Poland, Louise (1 December 1999). "Independent Australian Publishers and the Acquisition of Books". Journal of Australian Studies. Archived from the original on 22 October 2012.

[SPN-10] "About SPN". Small Press Network. Retrieved 18 April 2019.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Publisher with low annual sales revenue and/or few titles}}
+{{Redirect-distinguish|Independent press|Alternative media}}
+{{Redirect-distinguish|Indie press|Indie Press Revolution}}
 {{more citations needed|date=April 2019}}
+[[File:Dun Emer Press ,c. 1903.jpg|right|thumbnail|The [[Dun Emer Press]] in 1903 with [[Elizabeth Yeats]] working the hand press]]
-{{distinguish redirect|Independent press|Alternative media}}
-{{distinguish redirect|Indie press|Indie Press Revolution}}
-[[File:Dun Emer Press ,c. 1903.jpg|right|thumbnail|The [[Dun Emer Press]] in 1903 with [[Elizabeth Yeats]] working the hand press.]]
-A '''small press''' is a [[publisher]] with annual sales below a certain level. Commonly, in the [[United States]], this is set at $50 million, after returns and discounts.{{Citation needed|date=May 2012}} Small presses are also defined as those that publish an average of fewer than 10 titles per year,<ref>Brewer and Masterson, ''2007 Writer's Market'', p. 337.</ref> though there are a few who manage to do more.
+A '''small press''' is a [[publisher]] with annual sales below a certain level or below a certain number of titles published. The terms "'''indie publisher'''" and "'''independent press'''" and others are sometimes used interchangeably.
-The terms "small press", "indie publisher", and "independent press" are often used interchangeably, with "independent press" defined as publishers that are not part of large conglomerates or [[multinational corporation]]s. Defined this way, these presses make up approximately half of the [[market share]] of the book publishing industry.<ref name="defined">Herman, ''Jeff Herman's Guide To Book Publishers, Editors & Literary Agents, 2007'', p. 131.</ref> Many small presses rely on specialization in [[genre fiction]], [[poetry]], or limited-edition [[book]]s or [[magazine]]s, but there are also thousands that focus on niche non-fiction markets.
+Independent press is generally defined as publishers that are not part of large conglomerates or [[multinational corporation]]s. Many small presses rely on specialization in [[genre fiction]], [[poetry]], or limited-edition [[book]]s or [[magazine]]s, but there are also thousands that focus on niche non-fiction markets.
-==What small presses are not==
-Small presses should not be confused with [[self-publishing press]]es (sometimes called "[[vanity press]]es").  Self-publishing or subsidy presses usually require payment by authors, or a minimum purchase of copies. By comparison, small presses make their profits by selling books to consumers, rather than selling services to authors or selling a small number of copies to the author's friends.
+==Definitions==
-Small presses should not be confused with printers. Small presses are publishers, which means that they engage in a book selection process, along with editing, marketing and distribution. Small presses also enter into a contract with the author, often paying royalties for being allowed to sell the book. Publishers own the copies they have printed, but usually do not own the copyright to the book itself. In contrast, printers merely print a book, and sometimes offer limited distribution if they are a [[print on demand|POD]] printing press. Printers have a very low selectivity. They will accept nearly anyone who can pay the cost of printing. They rarely offer editing or marketing. Printers do not own the copies that are printed, and they do not pay royalties.
+In the [[United States]], a small press is considered to be a publisher with an annual turnover of under $50 million, or those that publish on average 10 or fewer titles per year.<ref name=tck>{{cite web|url=https://www.tckpublishing.com/complete-guide-to-small-press-publishing-for-writers/|website=TCK publishing|title=Complete Guide to Small Press Publishing: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly of Small Presses for Writers|date=9 November 2017|access-date=18 April 2019}}</ref>
-[[Book-packaging|Book packagers]] combine aspects of small presses and printers, but they are technically neither small presses nor printers.
+Other terms for small press, sometimes distinguished from each other and sometimes used interchangeably, are small publishers, independent publishers, or indie presses.<ref name=tck/>
-The majority of small presses are independent or indie publishers, meaning that they are separate from the handful of major publishing house conglomerates, such as [[Random House]] or [[Hachette (publisher)|Hachette]].
+Independent publishers (as defined above) made up about half of the [[market share]] of the book publishing industry in the [[United States|US]] in 2007.<ref name="defined">Herman, ''Jeff Herman's Guide To Book Publishers, Editors & Literary Agents, 2007'', p. 131.</ref> The majority of small presses are independent or indie publishers, meaning that they are separate from the handful of major publishing house conglomerates, such as [[Random House]] or [[Hachette (publisher)|Hachette]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-19 |title=Independent Book Publishers Statistics – WordsRated |url=https://wordsrated.com/independent-book-publishers-statistics/ |access-date=2024-01-22 |language=en-US}}</ref>
-==Characteristics==
-Since the profit margins for small presses can be narrow, many are driven by other motives, including the desire to help disseminate literature with only a small likely market. Many presses are also associated with [[crowdfunding]] efforts that help connect authors with readers.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jun/05/the-literary-crowdfunding-boom/</ref> Small presses tend to fill the niches that larger publishers neglect. They can focus on regional titles, narrow specializations and niche genres. They can also make up for commercial clout by creating a reputation for academic knowledge, vigorously pursuing prestigious literature prizes and spending more effort nurturing the careers of new authors.<ref>Herman, ''Jeff Herman's Guide To Book Publishers, Editors & Literary Agents, 2007'', pp. 131–132, 367–372.</ref>  At its most minimal, small press production consists of [[chapbook]]s. This role can now be taken on by [[desktop publishing]] and [[Web site]]s. This still leaves a continuum of small press publishing: from specialist periodicals, short runs or [[print-to-order]] of low-demand books, to [[fine art]] books and limited editions of collectors' items printed to high standards.
+===Characteristics===
-==History==
+Since the profit margins for small presses can be narrow, many are driven by other motives, including the desire to help disseminate literature with only a small likely market. Many presses are also associated with [[crowdfunding]] efforts that help connect authors with readers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/jun/05/the-literary-crowdfunding-boom|title=Kickstarting a books revolution: the literary crowdfunding boom|date=June 5, 2015|website=the Guardian}}</ref> Small presses tend to fill the niches that larger publishers neglect. They can focus on regional titles, narrow specializations and niche genres. They can also make up for commercial clout by creating a reputation for [[Academy|academic]] knowledge, vigorously pursuing prestigious literature prizes and spending more effort nurturing the careers of new authors.<ref>Herman, ''Jeff Herman's Guide To Book Publishers, Editors & Literary Agents, 2007'', pp. 131–132, 367–372.</ref> At its most minimal, small press production consists of [[chapbook]]s. This role can now be taken on by [[desktop publishing]] and [[web site]]s. This still leaves a continuum of small press publishing: from specialist periodicals, short runs or [[print-to-order]] of low-demand books, to [[fine art]] books and limited editions of collectors' items printed to high standards.
-Small presses became distinguishable from jobbing printers at some time towards the end of the nineteenth century. The roots lie with the [[Arts and Crafts Movement]], particularly the [[Kelmscott Press]]. The use of small [[letterpress]] machines by amateur printers increased proportionately to the mechanization of commercial printing. Later, the advance of practical [[lithography]] made small press publication much easier.
+===Micro-presses===
-A recent burgeoning of small presses has been caused by the introduction of digital printing, especially [[print on demand]] technology. Combined with [[Internet]] based marketing, digital typesetting, design tools with the rise of [[eBooks]], the new printing technologies have lowered the economic barriers to entry, allowing many new niches to be served, and many new publishers to enter the industry.
+There is now also a distinction made between small presses and micro-presses. A micro-press can be defined as a publisher that produces chapbooks and other small books on a very small scale (e.g. 50 copies of one book per year). It can also be defined in terms of revenue. Micro-presses are often run as a [[hobby]] or part-time job because of their low profits. They may not produce enough profit to support their owners.<ref name="defined"/>
+In [[Canada]], these are considered small press publishers, but the standard small press book run is accepted at 300 copies of a [[chapbook]] and 500 or more copies of a spine-bound book. In doing this, small press publishers are eligible for grants from the [[Ontario Arts Council]] and the [[Canada Council]].{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}
-==Micro-presses==
-There is now also a distinction made between small presses and micro-presses. A micro-press can be defined as a publisher that produces chapbooks and other small books on a very small scale (e.g. 50 copies of one book per year). It can also be defined in terms of revenue. Micro-presses often are run as a [[hobby]] or part-time job because of their low profits. They may not produce enough profit to support their owners.<ref name="defined"/>
+===Not to be confused with===
-In [[Canada]], these are considered Small Press publishers but the standard Small Press book run is accepted at 300 copies of a [[Chapbook]] and 500 or more copies of a Spine Bound book. In doing this, Small Press publishers are eligible for Grants from the Ontario Arts Council and the Canada Council.{{cn}}
+Small presses should not be confused with [[self-publishing press]]es (sometimes called "[[vanity press]]es"). Self-publishing or subsidy presses usually require payment by authors, or a minimum purchase of copies. By comparison, small presses make their profits by selling books to consumers, rather than selling services to authors or selling a small number of copies to the author's friends.
+Small presses should not be confused with [[Printer (publishing)|printers]]. Small presses are publishers, which means that they engage in a book selection process, along with editing, marketing and distribution. Small presses also enter into a contract with the author, often paying royalties for being allowed to sell the book. Publishers own the copies they have printed, but usually do not own the copyright to the book itself. In contrast, printers merely print a book, and sometimes offer limited distribution if they are a [[print on demand|POD]] printing press. Printers have a very low selectivity. They will accept nearly anyone who can pay the cost of printing. They rarely offer editing or marketing. Printers do not own the copies that are printed, and they do not pay royalties.
+[[Book-packaging|Book packagers]] combine aspects of small presses and printers, but they are technically neither small presses nor printers.
+==History==
+Small presses became distinguishable from jobbing printers at some time towards the end of the nineteenth century. The roots lie with the [[Arts and Crafts Movement|Arts and Crafts movement]], particularly the [[Kelmscott Press]]. The use of small [[letterpress]] machines by amateur printers increased proportionately to the mechanization of commercial printing. Later, the advance of practical [[lithography]] made small press publication much easier. The 1960s and 1970s are considered the small press's golden age in the USA. The unprecedented proliferation of small and independent publishers at the time was a result of the so-called '[[Mimeo Revolution]]' and the proliferation of DIY and affordable reproduction technologies.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Phillips |first=Rodney |title=A secret location on the Lower East Side: adventures in writing, 1960 - 1980 ; a sourcebook of information |date=1998 |publisher=The New York Publ. Library [u.a.] |others=New York Public Library |isbn=978-1-887123-19-8 |editor-last=Clay |editor-first=Stephen |edition=1. publ |location=New York}}</ref>
+A recent burgeoning of small presses has been caused by the introduction of [[digital printing]], especially [[print on demand]] technology. Combined with [[Internet]] based marketing, digital typesetting, design tools with the rise of [[eBooks]], the new printing technologies have lowered the economic barriers to entry, allowing many new niches to be served, and many new publishers to enter the industry. A notable boom of small press publishing has been observed since the 2008 economic crisis.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The contemporary small press: making publishing visible |date=2020 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-3-030-48783-6 |editor-last=Colby |editor-first=Georgina |series=New directions in book history |location=Cham |editor-last2=Marczewska |editor-first2=Kaja |editor-last3=Wilson |editor-first3=Leigh}}</ref>
 ==By country==
@@ Line 33: / Line 41: @@
 ===Australia===
-Small press has played a significant part historically in recognising new voices and publishing notable works of [[literary fiction]] in [[Australia]],<ref name=conv/> but the market was seen as a tough one in 1999, despite about 80% of the Australian Publishers Association being small book publishers (defined as those with less than AU$2m), nearly all Australian-owned.<ref name=journal>{{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60130081.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022063448/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60130081.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=22 October 2012|title=Independent Australian Publishers and the Acquisition of Books|last=Poland|first=Louise |date= 1 December 1999|work=Journal of Australian Studies}}</ref>.
+Small presses have played a significant part historically in recognising new voices and publishing notable works of [[literary fiction]] in [[Australia]],<ref name=conv/> but the market was seen as a tough one in 1999, despite about 80 per cent of the Australian Publishers Association being small book publishers (defined as those with less than AU$2m), nearly all Australian-owned.<ref name=journal>{{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60130081.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022063448/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60130081.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 October 2012|title=Independent Australian Publishers and the Acquisition of Books|last=Poland|first=Louise |date= 1 December 1999|work=Journal of Australian Studies}}</ref>
-In recent years though, the small publishers have especially made gains as big publishers have backed away from publishing literary works. In recent years small press publications have won some of the greatest literary prizes, including the [[Stella Prize]], the [[Prime Minister's Literary Awards|Prime Minister’s Literary Award for Fiction]] and the [[Miles Franklin Literary Award]]. There was a strong upward trend in the number of titles published by small press and shortlisted for the Miles Franklin  and the PM's Fiction Awards in the two years preceding 2017.<ref name=conv>{{cite web|publisher=The Conversation|url=https://theconversation.com/friday-essay-the-remarkable-prize-winning-rise-of-our-small-publishers-95645|date=4 May 2018|title=Friday essay: the remarkable, prize-winning rise of our small publishers| first=Emmett|last=Stinson|access-date=18 April 2019}}</ref>
+In recent years, though, the small publishers have especially made gains as big publishers have backed away from publishing literary works. Small press publications have won some of the greatest literary prizes, including the [[Stella Prize]], the [[Prime Minister's Literary Awards|Prime Minister's Literary Award for Fiction]] and the [[Miles Franklin Literary Award]]. There was a strong upward trend in the number of titles published by small press and shortlisted for the Miles Franklin and the PM's Fiction Awards in the two years preceding 2017.<ref name=conv>{{cite web|publisher=The Conversation|url=https://theconversation.com/friday-essay-the-remarkable-prize-winning-rise-of-our-small-publishers-95645|date=4 May 2018|title=Friday essay: the remarkable, prize-winning rise of our small publishers| first=Emmett|last=Stinson|access-date=18 April 2019}}</ref>
-The Small Press Network (SPN), located at the [[Wheeler Centre]] in [[Melbourne]], represents small and independent publishers in Australia, which promotes independent publishing and supports diversity within the industry "as a vital component of Australian literary culture". Founded in 2006, it has grown to represent more than 140 members in Australia and [[New Zealand]]. Its members include such publishers as the ''[[Griffith Review]]'', [[National Library of Australia|National Library of Australia Publishing]], [[Scribe (publisher)|Scribe]] and [[Wakefield Press]], as well as many smaller publishers.<ref name=SPN>{{cite web|publisher=Small Press Network| url=https://smallpressnetwork.com.au/about/| title=About SPN|accessdate=18 April 2019}}</ref>
+The Small Press Network (SPN), located at the [[Wheeler Centre]] in [[Melbourne]], represents small and independent publishers in Australia, which promotes independent publishing and supports diversity within the industry "as a vital component of Australian literary culture". Founded in 2006, it has grown to represent more than 140 members in Australia and [[New Zealand]]. Its members include such publishers as the ''[[Griffith Review]]'', [[National Library of Australia|National Library of Australia Publishing]], [[Scribe (publisher)|Scribe]] and [[Wakefield Press (Australia)|Wakefield Press]], as well as many smaller publishers.<ref name=SPN>{{cite web|publisher=Small Press Network| url=https://smallpressnetwork.com.au/about/| title=About SPN|access-date=18 April 2019}}</ref>
 ==See also==
 {{div col|colwidth=22em}}
-* [[Accessible publishing]]
-* [[Alternative media]]
 * [[Amateur press association]]
-* [[Article processing charge]]
 * [[Association of Little Presses]]
 * [[Author mill]]
 * [[Bill Bird]]
+* [[Independent Publishers Guild]] (UK)
-* [[British small press comics]]
+* [[Independent Publishers Group]] (US distributors)
-* [[Custom media]]
-* [[Desktop publishing]]
+* [[List of English-language book publishing companies]]
+* [[List of English-language literary presses]]
-* [[Digital printing]]
+* [[List of English-language small presses]]
-* [[Dōjin]]
-* [[Dynamic publishing]]
-* [[Fanzine]]
-* [[Independent music]]
-* [[List of English language small presses]]
 * [[List of literary magazines]]
 * [[List of self-publishing companies]]
-* [[Literary presses]]
+* [[Literary magazine]]
+* [[Predatory open-access publishing]]
-* [[Mass customization]]
-* [[Mimeo Revolution]]
-* [[Offset printing]]
-* [[Online shopping]]
-* [[Personalization]]
-* [[Predatory open access publishing]]
-* [[Print on demand]]
 * [[Private press]]
 * [[Samizdat]]
-* [[Self Publish, Be Happy]]
-* [[:Category:Self-published books]]
-* [[:Category:Self-publishing companies]]
-* [[:Category:Self-publishing online stores]]
-* [[Self publishing]]
-* [[Small magazine]]/[[little magazine]]
-* [[Small press]]
 * [[Small Press Distribution]]
-* [[Vanity award]]
+* [[WSFA Small Press Award]]
-* [[Vanity gallery]]
-* [[Vanity label]]
-* [[Vanity press]] or vanity publishing
-* [[Variable data printing]]
-* [[Web-to-print]]
 {{div col end}}
@@ Line 89: / Line 71: @@
 {{reflist|2}}
+== External links ==
-==Sources==
+* [https://www.ucl.ac.uk/library/special-collections/a-z/little-mags Small Press collections] held at [[University College London]]
-*{{cite book
-  | last = Brewer
-  | first = Robert
-  |author2=Joanna Masterson
-   | title = 2007 Writer's Market
-  | publisher = Writer's Digest Books
-  | year = 2006
-  | location = Cincinnati, Ohio
-  | isbn = 1-58297-427-6 }}
-* {{cite book
-  | last = Herman
-  | first = Jeff
-  | title = ''Jeff Herman's Guide To Book Publishers, Editors & Literary Agents, 2007: Who they are! What they want! How to win them over!: 17th Edition''
-  | publisher = Three Dog Press
-  | year = 2006
-  | location = Stockbridge, Massachusetts
-  | isbn = 0-9772682-1-7 }}
 {{Independent production}}
@@ Line 113: / Line 78: @@
 {{Authority control}}
 [[Category:Small press publishing companies| ]]
 [[Category:Publishing|Small Press]]