Jump to content

Hura (community development block): Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 23°18′N 86°39′E / 23.30°N 86.65°E / 23.30; 86.65
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→Geography: Reference updated
Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5
 
(22 intermediate revisions by 11 users not shown)
Line 8: Line 8:
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal
|image_map = Hura in Purulia (West Bengal).svg
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_alt =
Line 23: Line 24:
| founder =
| founder =
| named_for =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Community development blocks in India|Community development block]]
| government_type = [[Representative democracy]]
| governing_body =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref = Metric
Line 39: Line 40:
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Santali language|Santali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
Line 52: Line 53:
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Purulia (Lok Sabha constituency)|Purulia]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Purulia (Lok Sabha constituency)|Purulia]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Manbazar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Manbazar]], [[Kashipur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kashipur]]
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Manbazar Assembly constituency|Manbazar]], [[Kashipur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Kashipur]]
| website = {{URL|purulia.gov.in/}}
| website = {{URL|purulia.gov.in/}}
| footnotes = http://hurablock.org/
| footnotes = http://hurablock.org/
Line 61: Line 62:
==History==
==History==
===Background===
===Background===
The ''Jaina Bhagavati-Sutra'' of the 5th century AD mentions that Purulia was one of the sixteen mahajanapadas and was a part of the kingdom known as Vajra-bhumi in ancient times. In 1833, Manbhum district was carved out of the [[Jungle Mahals]] district, with headquarters at Manbazar. In 1838, the headquarters was transferred to [[Purulia]]. In 1956, the Manbhum district was partitioned between [[Bihar]] and West Bengal under the States Reorganization Act and the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act 1956.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://purulia.gov.in/district_profile/dist_profile.html |title=Historical background |accessdate=2008-03-02 |publisher=Purulia District |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103032840/http://purulia.gov.in/district_profile/dist_profile.html |archivedate=2008-01-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The ''Jaina Bhagavati-Sutra'' of the 5th century AD mentions that Purulia was one of the sixteen mahajanapadas and was a part of the kingdom known as Vajra-bhumi in ancient times. In 1833, Manbhum district was carved out of the [[Jungle Mahals]] district, with headquarters at Manbazar. In 1838, the headquarters was transferred to [[Purulia]]. After independence, when Manbhum district was a part of [[Bihar]], efforts were made to impose Hindi on the Bengali-speaking majority of the district and it led to the [[Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum)]]. In 1956, the Manbhum district was partitioned between Bihar and West Bengal under the States Reorganization Act and the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act 1956.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://purulia.gov.in/district_profile/dist_profile.html |title=Historical background |access-date=2008-03-02 |publisher=Purulia District |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103032840/http://purulia.gov.in/district_profile/dist_profile.html |archive-date=2008-01-03 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.purulia.nic.in/distAdmin/departments/dico/bhasa_andolon.html| title = Historical Event: Bhasa Andolan|work= Department of Information and Cultural Affairs| publisher = Purulia.nic.in |access-date = 4 February 2020}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
[[File:Purulia Tehsil Map.svg|thumb|450px|left|'''CD blocks in Purulia district''']]
Hura is located at {{coord|23.30|N|86.65|E|format=dms|}}.
Hura is located at {{coord|23.30|N|86.65|E|format=dms|}}.


The Hura CD block is located in the eastern part of the district. The [[Kangsabati River]] forms the boundary between the Hura and [[Puncha (community development block)|Puncha]] CD blocks. The lower Kangsabati basin has degraded lowlands.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Puruliya |work = pages 11,12 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal | accessdate = 6 December 2016}}</ref>
The Hura CD block is located in the eastern part of the district. The [[Kangsabati River]] forms the boundary between the Hura and [[Puncha (community development block)|Puncha]] CD blocks. The lower Kangsabati basin has degraded lowlands.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Puruliya |work = pages 11,12 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal | access-date = 6 December 2016}}</ref>


The Hura CD block is bounded by the [[Kashipur (community development block)|Kashipur]] and [[Para (community development block)|Para]] CD blocks on the north, the [[Indpur (community development block)|Indpur]] and [[Hirbandh (community development block)|Hirbandh]] CD blocks, in the Bankura district, on the east, the [[Puncha (community development block)|Puncha]] CD block on the south, and the [[Purulia I]] CD block on the west.
The Hura CD block is bounded by the [[Kashipur (community development block)|Kashipur]] and [[Para (community development block)|Para]] CD blocks on the north, the [[Indpur (community development block)|Indpur]] and [[Hirbandh (community development block)|Hirbandh]] CD blocks, in the Bankura district, on the east, the [[Puncha (community development block)|Puncha]] CD block on the south, and the [[Purulia I]] CD block on the west.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://purulia.gov.in/distAdmin/blocks/blocks.html |title = Purulia district |work = Blocks in Purulia district | publisher= Purulia district administration | access-date = 14 September 2016}}</ref>


The Hura CD block has an area of 382.21&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 10 [[gram panchayat]]s, 107 gram sansads (village councils), 116 [[mouza]]s and 111 inhabited villages. [[Hura, Purulia#Police station|Hura]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |accessdate = 12 January 2020 }}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block are at [[Hura, Purulia|Hura]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Puruliya | work= Map of District Puruliya with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | accessdate = 2 December 2016 }}</ref>
The Hura CD block has an area of 382.21&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 10 [[gram panchayat]]s, 107 gram sansads (village councils), 116 [[mouza]]s and 111 inhabited villages. [[Hura, Purulia#Police station|Hura]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia |work = Tables 2.1, 2.2 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 12 January 2020 |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |url-status = dead }}</ref> Headquarters of this CD block are at [[Hura, Purulia|Hura]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Puruliya | work= Map of District Puruliya with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 2 December 2016 }}</ref>


[[Gram panchayat]]s of the Hura CD block/[[panchayat samiti]] are: Chatumadar, Daldali, Hura, Jabarrah, Kalabani, Keshargarh, Ladhurka, Lakhanpur, Manguria-Lalpur and Rakhera-Bishpuria.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Purulia - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | accessdate = 12 January 2020}}</ref>
[[Gram panchayat]]s of the Hura CD block/[[panchayat samiti]] are: Chatumadar, [[Daldali]], [[Hura, Purulia|Hura]], Jabarrah, Kalabani, Keshargarh, Ladhurka, Lakhanpur, Manguria-Lalpur and Rakhera-Bishpuria.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Purulia - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 12 January 2020}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
===Population===
===Population===
According to the [[2011 Census of India]] the Hura CD block had a total population of 143,575, all of which were rural. There were 72,867 (51%) males and 70,708 (49%) females. There were 18,467 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 28,087 (19.56%) and the [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 36,561 (25.46%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | accessdate = 12 September 2016}}</ref>
According to the [[2011 Census of India]] the Hura CD block had a total population of 143,575, all of which were rural. There were 72,867 (51%) males and 70,708 (49%) females. There were 18,467 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 28,087 (19.56%) and the [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 36,561 (25.46%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 12 September 2016}}</ref>


According to the 2001 census, the Hura block had a total population of 127,423, out of which 64,462 were males and 62,961 were females. The Hura CD block registered a population growth of 12.04 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the Purulia district was 13.96 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web | url = http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_14.htm | title = Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, Puruliya District | accessdate = 12 September 2016 | work = Census of India 2001 | publisher = Census Commission of India|url-status=dead |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928205850/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_14.htm|archivedate= 28 September 2011}}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |accessdate= 17 July 2016 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archivedate=27 September 2007 }}</ref>
According to the 2001 census, the Hura block had a total population of 127,423, out of which 64,462 were males and 62,961 were females. The Hura CD block registered a population growth of 12.04 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the Purulia district was 13.96 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web | url = http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_14.htm | title = Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, Puruliya District | access-date = 12 September 2016 | work = Census of India 2001 | publisher = Census Commission of India|url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928205850/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_14.htm|archive-date= 28 September 2011}}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date= 17 July 2016 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref>


Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in the Hura CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Kalabani (5,698), Manguralalpur (6,683), Daldali (4,488), Kesargarh (4,626) and Parsia (4,075).<ref name=census2011/>
Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in the Hura CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Kalabani (5,698), Manguralalpur (6,683), [[Daldali]] (4,488), Kesargarh (4,626) and Parsia (4,075).<ref name=census2011/>


Other villages in the Hura CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Hura, Purulia|Hura]] (3,419), Rakshyara (2,387), Bishpuria (3,661), Chatumatar (1,842), Jabra (2,073), Ladhurka (3,652) and Lakshanpur (2,973).<ref name=census2011/>
Other villages in the Hura CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): [[Hura, Purulia|Hura]] (3,419), Rakshyara (2,387), Bishpuria (3,661), Chatumatar (1,842), Jabra (2,073), Ladhurka (3,652) and Lakshanpur (2,973).<ref name=census2011/>
Line 92: Line 94:


===Language and religion===
===Language and religion===
In the 2001 census, [[Bengali language|Bengali]] was the mother tongue for 76.6% of the population of the district, followed by [[Santali language|Santali]] 11.4%, [[Kurmali language|Kurmali Thar]] 7.7%, [[Hindi]] 1.9%, [[Urdu]] 1.1%, [[Khortha language|Khortha/ Khotta]] 0.3%, [[Telugu language|Telugu]] 0.2%, [[Odia language|Odia]] 0.1%, [[Mundari language|Mundari]] 0.1% and other languages 0.4%.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf |title = District Census Handbook Puruliya, Series 20, Part XXA |work = page 44: Mother tongue| publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal | accessdate = 12 January 2020}}</ref>

There is a tribal presence in many of the CD blocks of the district. [[Santali language|Santali]] was spoken by around 14% of the population of the earlier Manbhum district. Some people also speak [[Mundari language|Mundari]] or [[Kolarian]] languages such as [[Kurmali dialect|Kurmali]], Mundari and the languages of the [[Bhumij]] or [[Mahli tribe|Mahli]] communities.<ref>{{Cite web| url = https://archive.org/stream/manbhum01coup/manbhum01coup_djvu.txt | title = Bengal District Gazetteers - Manbhum by H. Coupland, ICS |work= Section 72, First Published 1911|publisher= University of California, San Diego |access-date = 27 September 2016}}</ref>


{{bar box
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Hura CD block
|title=Religion in Hura CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#ddd
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=
|left1=
|float=right
|float=left
|bars=
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindu]]|Orange|81.00}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|81.00}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslim]]|Green|6.83}}
{{bar percent|Other <small>(tribal religion)</small>|maroon|11.87}}
{{bar percent|[[Christians|Christian]]|Blue|0.12}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|6.83}}
{{bar percent|Others|Yellow|12.05}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.30}}
}}
}}
⚫
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 116,296 and formed 81.00% of the population in Hura CD Block. Muslims numbered 9,807 and formed 6.83% of the population. Christians numbered 170 and formed 0.12% of the population. Others numbered 17,302 and formed 12.05% of the population.<ref name=censusreligion2011>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html |title = C1 Population by Religious Community | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | accessdate = 28 September 2016}}</ref> Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/SCST-Series/ST14A.html |title = ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | accessdate = 28 September 2016}}</ref> and other religious communities.<ref name=censusreligion2011/>


⚫
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 116,296 and formed 81.00% of the population in Hura CD Block. Muslims numbered 9,807 and formed 6.83% of the population. Others numbered 17,472 and formed 12.17% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/SCST-Series/ST14A.html |title = ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 28 September 2016}}</ref> and other religious communities. In 2001, Hindus were 80.45%, Muslims 6.26% and tribal religions 13.19% of the population respectively.<ref name=censusreligion2001>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/21481/download/24613/PC01_C01_19.xls|title = Table C01 Population by Religious Community: West Bengal |publisher = [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]] |date=2001}}</ref>
⚫
==Rural Poverty==

⚫
According to the Rural Household Survey in 2005, 32.85% of total number of families were [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] families in Purulia district.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://220.225.90.38/Summary/WestBengal.htm| title =West Bengal Summary | work= Rural Household Survey 2005| publisher = Department of Panchayat & Rural Development, Government of West Bengal |accessdate = 11 January 2020}}</ref>According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 31-38% of the population in Purulia, Murshidabad, Uttar Dinajpur and Jalpaiguri districts were below poverty level, the highest among the districts of West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/315791504252302097/pdf/119344-BRI-P157572-West-Bengal-Poverty.pdf| title = West Bengal: Poverty, Growth and Inequality| publisher = World Bank Group|accessdate = 11 January 2020}}</ref>
{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Hura CD block (2011)<ref name="languages"/>
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1 = 81.74 |color1 = orchid
|label2 = [[Santali language|Santali]] |value2 = 16.11 |color2 = darkturquoise
|label3 = [[Kurmali language|Kurmali]] |value3 = 1.90 |color3 = pink
|label4 = Others |value4 = 0.25 |color4 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2011 census, 81.74% of the population spoke [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 16.11% [[Santali language|Santali]] and 1.90% [[Kurmali language|Kurmali]] as their first language.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

⚫
==Rural poverty==
⚫
According to the Rural Household Survey in 2005, 32.85% of total number of families were [[Below Poverty Line|BPL]] families in Purulia district.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://220.225.90.38/Summary/WestBengal.htm| title = West Bengal Summary| work = Rural Household Survey 2005| publisher = Department of Panchayat & Rural Development, Government of West Bengal| access-date = 11 January 2020| archive-date = 13 January 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200113235534/http://220.225.90.38/Summary/WestBengal.htm| url-status = dead}}</ref> According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 31-38% of the population in Purulia, Murshidabad and Uttar Dinajpur districts were below poverty level, the highest among the districts of West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/315791504252302097/pdf/119344-BRI-P157572-West-Bengal-Poverty.pdf| title = West Bengal: Poverty, Growth and Inequality| publisher = World Bank Group|access-date = 11 January 2020}}</ref>


==Economy==
==Economy==
Line 125: Line 135:
|label4 = Other Workers}}
|label4 = Other Workers}}


In the Hura CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 17,454 and formed 25.06%, agricultural labourers numbered 35,033 and formed 50.31%, household industry workers numbered 1,762 and formed 2.53% and other workers numbered 15,391 and formed 22.10%.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 33: Distribution of Workers by Sex in Four Categories of Economic Activity in Sub-district 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| accessdate = 12 January 2020}}</ref>Total workers numbered 69,640 and formed 48.50% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 73,935 and formed 51.50% of the population.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 30: Number and percentage of Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers by Sex, in Sub-districts, 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| accessdate = 12 January 2020}}</ref>
In the Hura CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 17,454 and formed 25.06%, agricultural labourers numbered 35,033 and formed 50.31%, household industry workers numbered 1,762 and formed 2.53% and other workers numbered 15,391 and formed 22.10%.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 33: Distribution of Workers by Sex in Four Categories of Economic Activity in Sub-district 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 January 2020}}</ref> Total workers numbered 69,640 and formed 48.50% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 73,935 and formed 51.50% of the population.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Table 30: Number and percentage of Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers by Sex, in Sub-districts, 2011 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 January 2020}}</ref>


<small>Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the [[Factories Act,1948, India|Factories Act]]. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Census Concepts and Definitions, Page 23 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| accessdate = 12 January 2020}}</ref></small>
<small>Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the [[Factories Act,1948, India|Factories Act]]. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf|title = District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Census Concepts and Definitions, Page 23 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 12 January 2020}}</ref></small>


===Infrastructure===
===Infrastructure===
There are 111 inhabited villages in the Hura CD block, as per the ''District Census Handbook'', Puruliya, 2011. 100% villages have power supply. 111 villages (100%) have drinking water supply. 25 villages (22.52%) have post offices. 98 villages (88.29%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 59 villages (53.15%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 46 villages (36.04%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 10 villages (9.01%) have agricultural credit societies and 12 villages (10.81%) have banks.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 79, Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | accessdate = 13 January 2020}}</ref>
There are 111 inhabited villages in the Hura CD block, as per the ''District Census Handbook'', Puruliya, 2011. 100% villages have power supply. 111 villages (100%) have drinking water supply. 25 villages (22.52%) have post offices. 98 villages (88.29%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 59 villages (53.15%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 46 villages (36.04%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 10 villages (9.01%) have agricultural credit societies and 12 villages (10.81%) have banks.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 79, Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 13 January 2020}}</ref>


===Agriculture===
===Agriculture===
In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in the Hura CD block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 0.51%, patta (document) holders 13.39%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 6.71%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 22.12% and agricultural labourers 57.27%.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia | work = Tables 8.2, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | accessdate = 12 January 2020}}</ref>
In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in the Hura CD block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 0.51%, patta (document) holders 13.39%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 6.71%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 22.12% and agricultural labourers 57.27%.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia | work = Tables 8.2, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 12 January 2020 | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | url-status = dead }}</ref>


In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in the Hura CD block was 13,160.68 hectares, out of which 1,198.00 hectares by canal water, 8,397.97 hectares by tank water, 11.21 hectares by river lift irrigation, 185.4 hectares by open dug wells and 3,368.10 hectares by other means.<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in the Hura CD block was 13,160.68 hectares, out of which 1,198.00 hectares by canal water, 8,397.97 hectares by tank water, 11.21 hectares by river lift irrigation, 185.4 hectares by open dug wells and 3,368.10 hectares by other means.<ref name=handbook2014/>
Line 143: Line 153:


===Backward Regions Grant Fund===
===Backward Regions Grant Fund===
The Purulia district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund]]. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | title = Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines | publisher = Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India | accessdate = 12 January 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171030225317/http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | archive-date = 30 October 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=84879 | title= Backward Regions Grant Fund| work= Press Release, 14 June 2012 |publisher= Press Information Bureau, Government of India | accessdate = 12 January 2020}}</ref>
The Purulia district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund]]. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | title = Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines | publisher = Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India | access-date = 12 January 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171030225317/http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | archive-date = 30 October 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=84879 | title= Backward Regions Grant Fund| work= Press Release, 14 June 2012 |publisher= Press Information Bureau, Government of India | access-date = 12 January 2020}}</ref>


==Transport==
==Transport==
In 2013-14, the Hura CD block had 8 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 24&nbsp;km from CD block headquarters.<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2013-14, the Hura CD block had 8 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 24&nbsp;km from CD block headquarters.<ref name=handbook2014/>


The [[National Highway 314 (India)|National Highway 314]], running from [[Bankura]] to [[Purulia]], passes through this CD block.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf|title=Rationalisation of Numbering Systems of National Highways|publisher=Department of Road Transport and Highways |accessdate= 1 October 2016|location=New Delhi}}</ref>
The [[National Highway 314 (India)|National Highway 314]], running from [[Bankura]] to [[Purulia]], passes through this CD block.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf|title=Rationalisation of Numbering Systems of National Highways|publisher=Department of Road Transport and Highways|access-date=1 October 2016|location=New Delhi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201124738/http://dorth.gov.in/writereaddata/sublinkimages/finaldoc6143316640.pdf|archive-date=1 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>


==Education==
==Education==
In 2013-14, the Hura CD block had 189 primary schools with 13,322 students, 27 middle schools with 1,084 students, 7 high schools with 3,452 students and 16 higher secondary schools with 15,499 students. Hura CD Block had 1 general college with 2,496 students, 2 professional/ technical institutes with 165 students and 322 institutions with 9,023 students for special and non-formal education.<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2013-14, the Hura CD block had 189 primary schools with 13,322 students, 27 middle schools with 1,084 students, 7 high schools with 3,452 students and 16 higher secondary schools with 15,499 students. Hura CD Block had 1 general college with 2,496 students, 2 professional/ technical institutes with 165 students and 322 institutions with 9,023 students for special and non-formal education.<ref name=handbook2014/>

See also – [[Education in India]]

According to the 2011 census, in Hura CD block, amongst the 111 inhabited villages, 1 village did not have a school, 72 villages had two or more primary schools, 42 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 22 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/DCHB/DCHB_A/19/1914_PART_A_DCHB_PURULIYA.pdf| title = District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Page 976-77, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 18 January 2020}}</ref>

[[Mahatma Gandhi College, Purulia|Mahatma Gandhi College]] was established at [[Daldali]], Lalpur in 1981.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://mahatmagandhicollegelalpur.ac.in/| title = Mahatma Gandhi College| publisher = MGC| access-date = 17 January 2020| archive-date = 27 October 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201027034811/https://mahatmagandhicollegelalpur.ac.in/| url-status = dead}}</ref>


==Healthcare==
==Healthcare==
In 2014, the Hura CD block had 1 rural hospital and 3 primary health centres, with total 48 beds and 6 doctors. 8,735 patients were treated indoor and 242,155 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2014, the Hura CD block had 1 rural hospital and 3 primary health centres, with total 48 beds and 6 doctors. 8,735 patients were treated indoor and 242,155 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/>

Hura Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at [[Hura, Purulia|Hura]], is the major government medical facility in the Hura CD block. There are [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] at Chatumadar (with 4 beds), Khairipihira (with 4 beds) and Ladurkha (with 10 beds).<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | title =Health & Family Welfare Department | work =Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals | publisher =Government of West Bengal | access-date =18 January 2020 | archive-date =8 October 2022 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20221008143352/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | url-status =dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 18 January 2020 | archive-date = 21 April 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180421215645/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 160: Line 178:


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Hura (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]]
* [[Hura Assembly constituency]]


{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}
{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}

Latest revision as of 03:03, 26 August 2024

For other uses, see Hura (disambiguation).
Hura
Community development block
Location of Hura
Coordinates: 23°18′N 86°39′E / 23.30°N 86.65°E / 23.30; 86.65
Country India
StateWest Bengal
DistrictPurulia
Government
 • TypeRepresentative democracy
Area
 • Total
382.21 km2 (147.57 sq mi)
Elevation
167 m (548 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
143,575
 • Density380/km2 (970/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialBengali, Santali, English
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
723130 (Hura)
Telephone/STD code03251
Vehicle registrationWB-55, WB-56
Literacy68.79%
Lok Sabha constituencyPurulia
Vidhan Sabha constituencyManbazar, Kashipur
Websitepurulia.gov.in
http://hurablock.org/

Hura is a community development block (CD block) that forms an administrative division in the Purulia Sadar subdivision of the Purulia district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

History

[edit]

Background

[edit]

The Jaina Bhagavati-Sutra of the 5th century AD mentions that Purulia was one of the sixteen mahajanapadas and was a part of the kingdom known as Vajra-bhumi in ancient times. In 1833, Manbhum district was carved out of the Jungle Mahals district, with headquarters at Manbazar. In 1838, the headquarters was transferred to Purulia. After independence, when Manbhum district was a part of Bihar, efforts were made to impose Hindi on the Bengali-speaking majority of the district and it led to the Bengali Language Movement (Manbhum). In 1956, the Manbhum district was partitioned between Bihar and West Bengal under the States Reorganization Act and the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act 1956.[1][2]

Geography

[edit]
CD blocks in Purulia district

Hura is located at 23°18′N 86°39′E / 23.30°N 86.65°E / 23.30; 86.65.

The Hura CD block is located in the eastern part of the district. The Kangsabati River forms the boundary between the Hura and Puncha CD blocks. The lower Kangsabati basin has degraded lowlands.[3]

The Hura CD block is bounded by the Kashipur and Para CD blocks on the north, the Indpur and Hirbandh CD blocks, in the Bankura district, on the east, the Puncha CD block on the south, and the Purulia I CD block on the west.[4]

The Hura CD block has an area of 382.21 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 10 gram panchayats, 107 gram sansads (village councils), 116 mouzas and 111 inhabited villages. Hura police station serves this block.[5] Headquarters of this CD block are at Hura.[6]

Gram panchayats of the Hura CD block/panchayat samiti are: Chatumadar, Daldali, Hura, Jabarrah, Kalabani, Keshargarh, Ladhurka, Lakhanpur, Manguria-Lalpur and Rakhera-Bishpuria.[7]

Demographics

[edit]

Population

[edit]

According to the 2011 Census of India the Hura CD block had a total population of 143,575, all of which were rural. There were 72,867 (51%) males and 70,708 (49%) females. There were 18,467 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The Scheduled Castes numbered 28,087 (19.56%) and the Scheduled Tribes numbered 36,561 (25.46%).[8]

According to the 2001 census, the Hura block had a total population of 127,423, out of which 64,462 were males and 62,961 were females. The Hura CD block registered a population growth of 12.04 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the Purulia district was 13.96 per cent.[9] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.[10]

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in the Hura CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Kalabani (5,698), Manguralalpur (6,683), Daldali (4,488), Kesargarh (4,626) and Parsia (4,075).[8]

Other villages in the Hura CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Hura (3,419), Rakshyara (2,387), Bishpuria (3,661), Chatumatar (1,842), Jabra (2,073), Ladhurka (3,652) and Lakshanpur (2,973).[8]

Literacy

[edit]

According to the 2011 census the total number of literate persons in the Hura CD block was 86,067 (68.79% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 51,971 (81.95% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 34,096 (55.27%) of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 26.68%.[8]

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Literacy in CD blocks of
Purulia district
Purulia Sadar subdivision
Arsha – 57.48%
Balarampur – 60.40%
Hura – 68.79%
Purulia I – 78.37%
Purulia II – 63.39%
Manbazar subdivision
Barabazar – 63.27
Bandwan – 61.38%
Manbazar I – 63.78%
Manbazar II – 60.27%
Puncha – 68.14%
Jhalda subdivision
Baghmundi – 57.17%
Jhalda I – 66.18%
Jhalda II – 54.76%
Joypur – 57.94%
Raghunathpur subdivision
Para – 65.62%
Raghunathpur I – 67.36%
Raghunathpur II – 67.29%
Neturia – 65.14%
Santuri – 64.15%
Kashipur – 71.06%
Source:
2011 Census: CD Block Wise

Primary Census Abstract Data


Language and religion

[edit]
Religion in Hura CD block (2011)[11]
Hinduism
 
 81.00%
Other (tribal religion)
 
 11.87%
Islam
 
 6.83%
Other or not stated
 
 0.30%

In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 116,296 and formed 81.00% of the population in Hura CD Block. Muslims numbered 9,807 and formed 6.83% of the population. Others numbered 17,472 and formed 12.17% of the population.[11] Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,[12] and other religious communities. In 2001, Hindus were 80.45%, Muslims 6.26% and tribal religions 13.19% of the population respectively.[13]

Languages of Hura CD block (2011)[14]

  Bengali (81.74%)
  Santali (16.11%)
  Kurmali (1.90%)
  Others (0.25%)

At the time of the 2011 census, 81.74% of the population spoke Bengali, 16.11% Santali and 1.90% Kurmali as their first language.[14]

Rural poverty

[edit]

According to the Rural Household Survey in 2005, 32.85% of total number of families were BPL families in Purulia district.[15] According to a World Bank report, as of 2012, 31-38% of the population in Purulia, Murshidabad and Uttar Dinajpur districts were below poverty level, the highest among the districts of West Bengal, which had an average 20% of the population below poverty line.[16]

Economy

[edit]

Livelihood

[edit]

Livelihood
in Hura CD block

  Cultivators (25.06%)
  Agricultural labourers (50.31%)
  Household industries (2.53%)
  Other Workers (22.10%)

In the Hura CD block in 2011, among the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 17,454 and formed 25.06%, agricultural labourers numbered 35,033 and formed 50.31%, household industry workers numbered 1,762 and formed 2.53% and other workers numbered 15,391 and formed 22.10%.[17] Total workers numbered 69,640 and formed 48.50% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 73,935 and formed 51.50% of the population.[18]

Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person's land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.[19]

Infrastructure

[edit]

There are 111 inhabited villages in the Hura CD block, as per the District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011. 100% villages have power supply. 111 villages (100%) have drinking water supply. 25 villages (22.52%) have post offices. 98 villages (88.29%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 59 villages (53.15%) have pucca (paved) approach roads and 46 villages (36.04%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 10 villages (9.01%) have agricultural credit societies and 12 villages (10.81%) have banks.[20]

Agriculture

[edit]

In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in the Hura CD block could be classified as follows: bargadars 0.51%, patta (document) holders 13.39%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 6.71%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 22.12% and agricultural labourers 57.27%.[21]

In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in the Hura CD block was 13,160.68 hectares, out of which 1,198.00 hectares by canal water, 8,397.97 hectares by tank water, 11.21 hectares by river lift irrigation, 185.4 hectares by open dug wells and 3,368.10 hectares by other means.[21]

In 2013-14, the Hura CD block produced 3,673 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 2,233 hectares, 13 tonnes of Boro paddy, the spring crop, from 5 hectares, 32 tonnes of wheat from 16 hectares. It also produced maskalai, mustard and potatoes.[21]

Banking

[edit]

In 2013-14, the Hura CD block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks.[21]

Backward Regions Grant Fund

[edit]

The Purulia district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.[22][23]

Transport

[edit]

In 2013-14, the Hura CD block had 8 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 24 km from CD block headquarters.[21]

The National Highway 314, running from Bankura to Purulia, passes through this CD block.[24]

Education

[edit]

In 2013-14, the Hura CD block had 189 primary schools with 13,322 students, 27 middle schools with 1,084 students, 7 high schools with 3,452 students and 16 higher secondary schools with 15,499 students. Hura CD Block had 1 general college with 2,496 students, 2 professional/ technical institutes with 165 students and 322 institutions with 9,023 students for special and non-formal education.[21]

See also – Education in India

According to the 2011 census, in Hura CD block, amongst the 111 inhabited villages, 1 village did not have a school, 72 villages had two or more primary schools, 42 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 22 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.[25]

Mahatma Gandhi College was established at Daldali, Lalpur in 1981.[26]

Healthcare

[edit]

In 2014, the Hura CD block had 1 rural hospital and 3 primary health centres, with total 48 beds and 6 doctors. 8,735 patients were treated indoor and 242,155 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.[21]

Hura Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at Hura, is the major government medical facility in the Hura CD block. There are primary health centres at Chatumadar (with 4 beds), Khairipihira (with 4 beds) and Ladurkha (with 10 beds).[27][28]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Historical background". Purulia District. Archived from the original on 2008-01-03. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
  2. ^ "Historical Event: Bhasa Andolan". Department of Information and Cultural Affairs. Purulia.nic.in. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
  3. ^ "District Census Handbook Puruliya" (PDF). pages 11,12. Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
  4. ^ "Purulia district". Blocks in Purulia district. Purulia district administration. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
  5. ^ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia". Tables 2.1, 2.2. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  6. ^ "District Census Handbook: Puruliya" (PDF). Map of District Puruliya with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page). Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
  7. ^ "Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal". Purulia - Revised in March 2008. Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  8. ^ a b c d "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  9. ^ "Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, Puruliya District". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  10. ^ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  11. ^ a b "Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  12. ^ "ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
  13. ^ "Table C01 Population by Religious Community: West Bengal". Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2001.
  14. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  15. ^ "West Bengal Summary". Rural Household Survey 2005. Department of Panchayat & Rural Development, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  16. ^ "West Bengal: Poverty, Growth and Inequality" (PDF). World Bank Group. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  17. ^ "District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Table 33: Distribution of Workers by Sex in Four Categories of Economic Activity in Sub-district 2011. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  18. ^ "District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Table 30: Number and percentage of Main workers, Marginal workers and Non workers by Sex, in Sub-districts, 2011. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  19. ^ "District Census Handbook Puruliya, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Census Concepts and Definitions, Page 23. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  20. ^ "District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 79, Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia". Tables 8.2, 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  22. ^ "Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines" (PDF). Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  23. ^ "Backward Regions Grant Fund". Press Release, 14 June 2012. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 12 January 2020.
  24. ^ "Rationalisation of Numbering Systems of National Highways" (PDF). New Delhi: Department of Road Transport and Highways. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 1 October 2016.
  25. ^ "District Census Handbook, Puruliya, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Page 976-77, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  26. ^ "Mahatma Gandhi College". MGC. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  27. ^ "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2022. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  28. ^ "Health & Family Welfare Department" (PDF). Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 April 2018. Retrieved 18 January 2020.

See also

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hura_(community_development_block)&oldid=1242303406"