Little Satan: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Latest revision as of 19:57, 13 August 2024

"Little Satan" (Persian: شیطان کوچک, Shaytân-e Kuchak; Arabic: الشيطان الأصغر; Hebrew: השטן הקטן) is an anti-Zionist derogatory epithet used especially by Iranian leaders for Israel.^[1]^[2]

Usage history

According to some sources Ruhollah Khomeini, leader of Iranian Revolution, first used the term in its contemporary meaning.^[3] Israel was condemned as the "Little Satan" in 1979 by Khomeini when he was addressing Israel's backing of the Shah, its close ties to the US, and the ongoing Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

According to other sources, such as the Glasgow Herald, Colonel Gaddafi of Libya stated that "Israel is the little Satan" in July 1980.^[4]^[5]

Prime Minister of Israel, Benjamin Netanyahu, used this phrase when referring to Iranian rhetoric during a visit to the United States stating that: "For the Mullahs that rule Tehran, Israel is the small Satan and America is the great Satan."^[6]

Contemporary use

The term is often used by Islamist militants to recruit terrorists and by Shia Muslims to propagate hatred towards Israel. The term also features heavily in contemporary Iranian propaganda.^[7]^[8]^[9]

In Fatima gate border, a Lebanese gate border near Israel, two pillars have been erected for people to perform a symbolic stoning of little Satan (Israel) and great Satan (the United States). It is hoped that Lebanese people will perform this act instead of throwing stones at Israeli soldiers.^[10] Hezbollah, which has the same political ideology as Iran, also refers to Israel as the Zionist entity and as little Satan.^[11]

Analysis

According to Ze'ev Maghen writing in The Wall Street Journal, "there's a critical distinction in Iran attitudes toward the 'Great Satan' and the 'little Satan', which should not be ignored; Although they chant 'Death to America' and 'Death to Israel' with equal fervor,' they tactically know 'that the Great Satan is . . . great.'"^[12] In an address to the United States House of Representatives Government Reform Committee, Benjamin Netanyahu said that "the soldiers of militant Islam" call Israel 'Little Satan' "to distinguish it clearly from the country that has always been and will always be the Great Satan."^[13]

References

^ Mark Hitchcock (2013). Iran and Israel. Harvest House Publishers. pp. 16 and 40. ISBN 978-0-7369-5335-1.
^ Chevy Purdie (14 April 2015). The Israel Story - Chevy Purdie: The story of the most successful nation in the world. Chevy Purdie. p. 12. GGKEY:PXLJDA8CG8H.
^ John Hagee (5 December 2011). In Defense of Israel, Revised: The Bible's Mandate for Supporting the Jewish State. Charisma Media. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-59979-681-9.
^ "The Glasgow Herald - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 2016-01-11.
^ "This Week in History: Ayatollah Khomeini returns to Iran - Features - Jerusalem Post".
^ JPOST.COM Staff (1 September 2015). "Netanyahu: For Iran's mullahs 'Israel is the small Satan and American is the great Satan'". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Buck, Christopher (2015-04-01). God & Apple Pie: Religious Myths and Visions of America. Educator's International Press. ISBN 9781891928222.
^ Falk, Avner (2008-01-01). Islamic Terror: Conscious and Unconscious Motives. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313357640.
^ Ganor, Boaz; Knop, Katharina von; Duarte, Carlos A. M. (2007-01-01). Hypermedia Seduction for Terrorist Recruiting. IOS Press. ISBN 9781586037611.
^ Joseph Elie Alagha (2011). Hizbullah's Identity Construction. Amsterdam University Press. p. 223. ISBN 978-90-8964-297-4.
^ Joseph Elie Alagha (2006). The Shifts in Hizbullah's Ideology: Religious Ideology, Political Ideology and Political Program. Amsterdam University Press. pp. 117 and 134. ISBN 978-90-5356-910-8.
^ Maghen, Ze'ev. "Eradicating the 'Little Satan'". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
^ Rydelnik, Michael (2007). Understanding the Arab-Israeli conflict:what the headlines haven't told you (Rev. and updated. ed.). Chicago: Moody Publishers. ISBN 978-0-8024-2623-9. Retrieved 4 January 2016.

[Hitchcock2013-1] Mark Hitchcock (2013). Iran and Israel. Harvest House Publishers. pp. 16 and 40. ISBN 978-0-7369-5335-1.

[Purdie2015-2] Chevy Purdie (14 April 2015). The Israel Story - Chevy Purdie: The story of the most successful nation in the world. Chevy Purdie. p. 12. GGKEY:PXLJDA8CG8H.

[Hagee2011-3] John Hagee (5 December 2011). In Defense of Israel, Revised: The Bible's Mandate for Supporting the Jewish State. Charisma Media. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-59979-681-9.

[4] "The Glasgow Herald - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 2016-01-11.

[5] "This Week in History: Ayatollah Khomeini returns to Iran - Features - Jerusalem Post".

[6] JPOST.COM Staff (1 September 2015). "Netanyahu: For Iran's mullahs 'Israel is the small Satan and American is the great Satan'". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

[7] Buck, Christopher (2015-04-01). God & Apple Pie: Religious Myths and Visions of America. Educator's International Press. ISBN 9781891928222.

[8] Falk, Avner (2008-01-01). Islamic Terror: Conscious and Unconscious Motives. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313357640.

[9] Ganor, Boaz; Knop, Katharina von; Duarte, Carlos A. M. (2007-01-01). Hypermedia Seduction for Terrorist Recruiting. IOS Press. ISBN 9781586037611.

[Alagha2011-10] Joseph Elie Alagha (2011). Hizbullah's Identity Construction. Amsterdam University Press. p. 223. ISBN 978-90-8964-297-4.

[Alagha2006-11] Joseph Elie Alagha (2006). The Shifts in Hizbullah's Ideology: Religious Ideology, Political Ideology and Political Program. Amsterdam University Press. pp. 117 and 134. ISBN 978-90-5356-910-8.

[12] Maghen, Ze'ev. "Eradicating the 'Little Satan'". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 4 January 2016.

[13] Rydelnik, Michael (2007). Understanding the Arab-Israeli conflict:what the headlines haven't told you (Rev. and updated. ed.). Chicago: Moody Publishers. ISBN 978-0-8024-2623-9. Retrieved 4 January 2016.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Anti-Zionist epithet for Israel, used especially by Iran}}
-{{Politics of Iran}}
 {{POV check|date=January 2016}}
+{{Politics of Iran}}
-'''Little Satan''' ({{lang-fa|شیطان کوچک}}, ''Shaytân-e Kuchak''; {{lang-he|השטן הקטן}}) is an [[derogatory]] [[epithet]] used especially by [[Iran]]ian leaders for Britain. <ref>{{Cite web|last=O'Reilly|first=Luke|date=2020-01-11|title=Iran sees UK as 'Small Satan' but Brits 'should not fear attack'|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/iran-uk-small-satan-us-a4331506.html|access-date=2021-01-02|website=www.standard.co.uk|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sky News|first=|date=https://news.sky.com/story/iran-lashes-out-at-little-satan-britain-10483414|title=Iran Lashes out at Little Satan Britain|url=https://news.sky.com/story/iran-lashes-out-at-little-satan-britain-10483414|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=Sky News}}</ref>
+"'''Little Satan'''" ({{lang-fa|شیطان کوچک}}, {{Transliteration|fa|Shaytân-e Kuchak}}; {{lang-ar|الشيطان الأصغر}}; {{lang-he|השטן הקטן}}) is an [[Anti-Zionism|anti-Zionist]] [[derogatory]] [[epithet]] used especially by [[Iran]]ian leaders for [[Israel]].<ref name="Hitchcock2013">{{cite book|author=Mark Hitchcock|title=Iran and Israel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OuBoKoNVZawC&pg=PA16|year=2013|publisher=Harvest House Publishers|isbn=978-0-7369-5335-1|pages=16 and 40}}</ref><ref name="Purdie2015">{{cite book|author=Chevy Purdie|title=The Israel Story - Chevy Purdie: The story of the most successful nation in the world|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GDAVCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT12|date=14 April 2015|publisher=Chevy Purdie|page=12|id=GGKEY:PXLJDA8CG8H}}</ref>
+[[File:Küçük şeytan.jpg|thumb|Caricature of little Satan]]
 ==Usage history==
-According to some sources [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], leader of [[Iranian Revolution]], first used the term but it had actually been part of the chants of the revolutionaries that gathered outside the British Embassy in Tehran in 1978.<ref name="Hagee2011">{{cite book |author=John Hagee|title=In Defense of Israel, Revised: The Bible's Mandate for Supporting the Jewish State|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ITwAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA70 |date=5 December 2011|publisher=Charisma Media|isbn=978-1-59979-681-9|page=70}}</ref>
+According to some sources [[Ruhollah Khomeini]], leader of [[Iranian Revolution]], first used the term in its contemporary meaning.<ref name="Hagee2011">{{cite book |author=John Hagee|title=In Defense of Israel, Revised: The Bible's Mandate for Supporting the Jewish State|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ITwAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA70|date=5 December 2011|publisher=Charisma Media|isbn=978-1-59979-681-9|page=70}}</ref> Israel was condemned as the "Little Satan" in 1979 by Khomeini when he was addressing Israel's backing of the Shah, its close ties to the US, and the ongoing [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict]].
+According to other sources, such as the ''[[Glasgow Herald]]'', [[Muammar Gaddafi|Colonel Gaddafi]] of Libya stated that "Israel is the little Satan" in July 1980.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Glasgow Herald - Google News Archive Search|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ssJAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_6UMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3186,3230406&dq=little-satan+israel&hl=en|website=news.google.com|accessdate=2016-01-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Features/In-Thespotlight/This-Week-in-History-Ayatollah-Khomeini-returns-to-Iran|title=This Week in History: Ayatollah Khomeini returns to Iran - Features - Jerusalem Post}}</ref>
-Prime Minister of Israel, [[Benjamin Netanyahu]], distorted this phrase when referring to Iranian rhetoric during a visit to the United States stating falsely that: "For the [[Mullahs]] that rule [[Tehran]], Israel is the small Satan and America is the [[great Satan]]."<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Netanyahu-For-Irans-mullahs-Israel-is-the-small-Satan-and-American-is-the-great-Satan-407742 | title=Netanyahu: For Iran's mullahs 'Israel is the small Satan and American is the great Satan' | work=The Jerusalem Post | date=1 September 2015 | accessdate=2 January 2016 | author=JPOST.COM Staff}}</ref>
+Prime Minister of Israel, [[Benjamin Netanyahu]], used this phrase when referring to Iranian rhetoric during a visit to the United States stating that: "For the [[Mullahs]] that rule [[Tehran]], Israel is the small Satan and America is the [[great Satan]]."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.jpost.com/Breaking-News/Netanyahu-For-Irans-mullahs-Israel-is-the-small-Satan-and-American-is-the-great-Satan-407742|title=Netanyahu: For Iran's mullahs 'Israel is the small Satan and American is the great Satan'|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=1 September 2015|accessdate=2 January 2016|author=JPOST.COM Staff}}</ref>
 ==Contemporary use==
-The term is often used by [[Islamist Terrorism|Islamist terrorists]] to recruit terrorists and by Shia speakers to propagate hatred towards the United Kingdom. The term also features heavily in contemporary Iranian propaganda.<ref>{{Cite book|title = God & Apple Pie: Religious Myths and Visions of America|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=EOAdCgAAQBAJ|publisher = Educator's International Press|date = 2015-04-01|isbn = 9781891928222|language = en|first = Christopher|last = Buck}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title = Islamic Terror: Conscious and Unconscious Motives|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=tcTpj4MMqxIC|publisher = ABC-CLIO|date = 2008-01-01|isbn = 9780313357640|language = en|first = Avner|last = Falk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title = Hypermedia Seduction for Terrorist Recruiting|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ybQkSwzkTY4C|publisher = IOS Press|date = 2007-01-01|isbn = 9781586037611|language = en|first = Boaz|last = Ganor|first2 = Katharina von|last2 = Knop|first3 = Carlos A. M.|last3 = Duarte}}</ref>
+The term is often used by [[Mujahideen|Islamist militants]] to recruit terrorists and by Shia Muslims to propagate hatred towards Israel. The term also features heavily in contemporary Iranian propaganda.<ref>{{cite book|title=God & Apple Pie: Religious Myths and Visions of America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EOAdCgAAQBAJ|publisher = Educator's International Press|date=2015-04-01|isbn=9781891928222|language=en|first=Christopher|last=Buck}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Islamic Terror: Conscious and Unconscious Motives|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tcTpj4MMqxIC|publisher=ABC-CLIO|date=2008-01-01|isbn=9780313357640|language=en|first=Avner|last=Falk}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Hypermedia Seduction for Terrorist Recruiting|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ybQkSwzkTY4C|publisher=IOS Press|date=2007-01-01|isbn=9781586037611|language=en|first1=Boaz|last1=Ganor|first2=Katharina von|last2=Knop|first3=Carlos A. M.|last3=Duarte}}</ref>
-[[Hezbollah]], which has the same political ideology as Iran, also refers to Israel as the ''[[Zionist entity]]'' and as little Satan.<ref name="Alagha2006">{{cite book|author=Joseph Elie Alagha|title=The Shifts in Hizbullah's Ideology: Religious Ideology, Political Ideology and Political Program|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IWxZAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135|year=2006|publisher=Amsterdam University Press|isbn=978-90-5356-910-8|pages=117 and 134}}</ref>
+In Fatima gate border, a [[Lebanon|Lebanese]] gate border near Israel, two pillars have been erected for people to perform a symbolic stoning of little Satan (Israel) and great Satan (the United States). It is hoped that Lebanese people will perform this act instead of throwing stones at Israeli soldiers.<ref name="Alagha2011">{{cite book|author=Joseph Elie Alagha|title=Hizbullah's Identity Construction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jljGCLe7A84C&pg=PA223 |year=2011|publisher=Amsterdam University Press|isbn=978-90-8964-297-4|pages=223}}</ref> [[Hezbollah]], which has the same political ideology as Iran, also refers to Israel as the ''Zionist entity'' and as little Satan.<ref name="Alagha2006">{{cite book|author=Joseph Elie Alagha|title=The Shifts in Hizbullah's Ideology: Religious Ideology, Political Ideology and Political Program|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IWxZAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA135|year=2006|publisher=Amsterdam University Press|isbn=978-90-5356-910-8|pages=117 and 134}}</ref>
 ==Analysis==
-According to Ze'ev Maghen writing in [[The Wall Street Journal]], there's a critical distinction in Iran attitudes toward the 'great Satan' and the 'little Satan', which should not be ignored; Although they chant "Death to America" and "Death to Israel" with equal fervor," they tactically know "that the Great Satan is . . . great."<ref>{{cite news|last1=Maghen|first1=Ze'ev|title=Eradicating the 'Little Satan'|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123093176783149767|accessdate=4 January 2016|work=Wall Street Journal}}</ref> In an address to [[United States House of Representatives|the United States House of Representatives]] Government Reform Committee, Benjamin Netanyahu falsely said that "the soldiers of militant Islam" call Israel 'Little Satan' "to distinguish it clearly from the country that has always been and will always be the Great Satan."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rydelnik |first1=Michael |title=Understanding the Arab-Israeli conflict : what the headlines haven't told you|date=2007|publisher=Moody Publishers|location=Chicago|isbn=978-0-8024-2623-9|edition=Rev. and updated.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zMEf0XCaKeAC&pg=PA232&dq=israel+Little+Satan&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjH6Ibjm5DKAhXFOxQKHZWpAjQ4FBDoAQhKMAg#v=onepage&q=israel%20Little%20Satan&f=false|accessdate=4 January 2016}}</ref> In Iran it is clearly the term used for the United Kingdom which is thought by many to have backed the Mullahs to destroy teh power of the Shah.
+According to Ze'ev Maghen writing in ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', "there's a critical distinction in Iran attitudes toward the 'Great Satan' and the 'little Satan', which should not be ignored; Although they chant '[[Death to America]]' and '[[Calls for the destruction of Israel|Death to Israel]]' with equal fervor,' they tactically know 'that the Great Satan is . . . great.'"<ref>{{cite news|last1=Maghen|first1=Ze'ev|title=Eradicating the 'Little Satan'|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123093176783149767|accessdate=4 January 2016|work=Wall Street Journal}}</ref> In an address to [[United States House of Representatives|the United States House of Representatives]] Government Reform Committee, Benjamin Netanyahu said that "the soldiers of militant Islam" call Israel 'Little Satan' "to distinguish it clearly from the country that has always been and will always be the Great Satan."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rydelnik|first1=Michael|title=Understanding the Arab-Israeli conflict:what the headlines haven't told you|date=2007|publisher=Moody Publishers|location=Chicago|isbn=978-0-8024-2623-9|edition=Rev. and updated.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zMEf0XCaKeAC&dq=israel+Little+Satan&pg=PA232|accessdate=4 January 2016}}</ref>
 ==See also==
+* [[Calls for the destruction of Israel]]
-* [[Great Satan]]
+* [[Death to America]]
 * [[Iran–Israel relations]]
+* [[Anti-Zionism]]
-* [[Israel will not exist in 25 years]]
-* [[Anti-Israeli sentiment]]
+* [[Old fox]]
-* [[Antisemitism in Iran]]
-* [[Zionist entity]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 28: / Line 31: @@
 {{Ruhollah Khomeini}}
+{{Iran–Israel proxy conflict}}
 [[Category:Iran–Israel relations]]
 [[Category:Political terminology of Iran]]
-[[Category:Titles]]
+[[Category:Iranian political phrases]]
-[[Category:Appellations]]
+[[Category:Political pejoratives]]
+[[Category:Anti-Israeli sentiment]]
 [[Category:Anti-Zionism in the Middle East]]
 [[Category:Anti-Western sentiment]]

v t e Ruhollah Khomeini
Politics	1963 demonstrations in Iran Life in exile 1978 Qom protest 1978 Tabriz protests Neauphle-le-Château Return to Iran Iranian Revolution Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution Cultural Revolution Supreme Council Council of the Islamic Revolution Islamic Revolutionary Court Interim Government 1979 Referendum Engagement with Jimmy Carter Iranian Revolution conspiracy theory America can't do a damn thing against us Supreme Leader of Iran Iran–Iraq War Israeli support The Satanic Verses controversy
Positions	American Islam Anti-Zionism Shiite clericalism Death to America Great Satan Little Satan Sex segregation hijab Islamic democracy Imam's Line Letter to Gorbachev Khomeini's 8-article command
Books	Islamic Government: Governance of the Jurist (Velayat-e faqih) Tahrir al-Wasilah Kashf al-Asrar Forty Hadith of Ruhullah Khomeini Islam and Revolution The Greatest Jihad
Family	Khadijeh Saqafi (wife) Mostafa Khomeini (son) Zahra Mostafavi Khomeini (daughter) Farideh Mostafavi Khomeini (daughter) Ahmad Khomeini (son) Hussein Khomeini (grandson) Hassan Khomeini (grandson) Zahra Eshraghi (granddaughter) Seyyed Ahmad Musavi Hindi (grandfather)
Related	Jamaran Hussainiya Mausoleum Death and state funeral Alef-Laam Khomeini Fajr decade Refah School Homafaran Allegiance Imam Khomeini International Airport Execution of Imam Khomeini's Order
Category

v t e Iran–Israel proxy conflict
Background	Iranian Revolution Iran–Iraq war 1999 arrest of Iranian Jews
2024 Iran–Israel conflict	Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus reactions Iranian seizure of the MSC Aries Iranian strikes in Israel Israeli strikes on Iran
Hezbollah–Israel conflict	Israeli–Lebanese conflict South Lebanon conflict 1982 kidnapping of Iranian diplomats 1992 Buenos Aires Israeli embassy bombing AMIA bombing 2000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflict 2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid 2005 Hezbollah cross-border raid 2006 Lebanon War 2008 Israel–Hezbollah prisoner exchange 2009 Hezbollah plot in Egypt Francop Affair January 2015 Shebaa Farms incident Operation Northern Shield 2019 Beirut drone crash 2023 Israel–Lebanon shellings Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present) 2024 Haret Hreik airstrike Projectile attacks from Lebanon
Israeli–Palestinian conflict	Karine A affair Victoria Affair Operation Full Disclosure
Gaza–Israel conflict	Gaza War (2008–2009) 2014 Gaza War Israel–Hamas war Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh
Syrian civil war	January 2013 Rif Dimashq airstrike May 2013 Rif Dimashq airstrikes December 2014 Rif Dimashq airstrikes January 2015 Mazraat Amal incident April 2015 Qalamoun incident March 2017 Israel–Syria incident February 2018 Israel–Syria incident Operation House of Cards September 2018 Syria missile strikes August 2019 Syria missile strikes November 2019 Syria missile strikes January 2021 Syria airstrikes July 2022 Damascus airstrikes 2023 Damascus airstrike Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents Hezbollah involvement
International incidents	Operation Outside the Box 2009 Sudan airstrikes 2011 alleged Iran assassination plot 2012 attacks on Israeli diplomats 2012 Bangkok bombings 2012 Cyprus terrorist plot 2012 Burgas bus bombing Yarmouk munitions factory explosion 2019 Israeli airstrikes in Iraq 2022 Erbil missile attacks 2022 Istanbul terror plot 2024 Iranian missile strikes in Iraq and Syria 2024 Israeli strikes on Yemen
Nuclear program of Iran	Assassination of Iranian nuclear scientists Ardeshir Hosseinpour Massoud Ali-Mohammadi Majid Shahriari Fereydoon Abbasi Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan Mohsen Fakhrizadeh AMAD Project Mossad infiltration of Iranian nuclear archive Bid Kaneh explosion Stuxnet 2020 Iran explosions 2021 Natanz incident 2023 Iran drone attacks
Related	Russia and the Iran–Israel proxy conflict Russia–Hamas relations Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict Axis of Resistance Arab–Israeli alliance Abraham Accords Warsaw Middle East conference People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran Little Satan Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Israel Views on military action against Iran Iran and state-sponsored terrorism Iranian support for Hamas Israel and state-sponsored terrorism Quds Day Prisoner X2 Tehran
Category:Iran–Israel proxy conflict