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| authority = Waddell et al, 1999<ref name="Waddell1999c">{{Cite journal | last1 = Waddell | first1 = Peter J.| last2 = Cao | first2 = Ying | last3 = Hasegawa | first3 = Masami | last4 = Mindell | first4 = David P. | doi = 10.1080/106351599260481 | title = Assessing the Cretaceous Superordinal Divergence Times within Birds and Placental Mammals by Using Whole Mitochondrial Protein Sequences and an Extended Statistical Framework | journal = [[Systematic Biology]] | volume = 48 | issue = 1 | pages = 119–137 | year = 1999| pmid = 12078636| doi-access = free }}</ref>
| authority = Waddell et al, 1999<ref name="Waddell1999c">{{Cite journal | last1 = Waddell | first1 = Peter J.| last2 = Cao | first2 = Ying | last3 = Hasegawa | first3 = Masami | last4 = Mindell | first4 = David P. | doi = 10.1080/106351599260481 | title = Assessing the Cretaceous Superordinal Divergence Times within Birds and Placental Mammals by Using Whole Mitochondrial Protein Sequences and an Extended Statistical Framework | journal = [[Systematic Biology]] | volume = 48 | issue = 1 | pages = 119–137 | year = 1999| pmid = 12078636| doi-access = free }}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Subgroups
| subdivision_ranks = Subgroups
| subdivision =
| subdivision = *Superorder '''[[Afrotheria]]:'''
*Superorder '''[[Afrotheria]]:'''
**''Clade'' [[Afroinsectiphilia]]
**''Clade'' [[Afroinsectiphilia]]
**''Clade'' [[Paenungulata]]
**''Clade'' [[Paenungulata]]
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}}
}}


'''Atlantogenata''' is a proposed [[clade]] of [[Placentalia|placental mammal]]s containing the cohorts or superorders [[Xenarthra]] and [[Afrotheria]].<ref name="Waddell1999c" /> These groups originated and radiated in the [[South America]]n and [[Africa]]n continents, respectively, presumably in the [[Cretaceous]]. Together with [[Boreoeutheria]], they make up [[Eutheria]]. The [[monophyly]] of this grouping was supported by some genetic evidence.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Waddell | first1 = Peter J.| last2 = Okada | first2 = Norohiro| last3 = Hasegawa | first3 = Masami| doi = 10.1093/sysbio/48.1.1 | title = Towards Resolving the Interordinal Relationships of Placental Mammals | journal = [[Systematic Biology]] | volume = 48 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–5 | year = 1999 | pmid = 12078634| doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Murphy | first1 = W.J. | last2 = Pringle | first2 = T.H. | last3 = Crider | first3 = T.A. | last4 = Springer | first4 = M.S. | last5 = Miller | first5 = W. | year = 2007 | title = Using genomic data to unravel the root of the placental mammal phylogeny | journal = [[Genome Research]] | volume = 17 | issue = 4| pages = 413–421 | doi=10.1101/gr.5918807 | pmid=17322288 | pmc=1832088}}</ref>
'''Atlantogenata''' is a proposed [[clade]] of [[Placentalia|placental mammal]]s containing the cohorts or superorders [[Xenarthra]] and [[Afrotheria]].<ref name="Waddell1999c" /> These groups originated and radiated in the [[South America]]n and [[Africa]]n continents, respectively, presumably in the [[Cretaceous]]. Together with [[Boreoeutheria]], they make up [[Eutheria]]. The [[monophyly]] of this grouping is supported by some genetic evidence.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Waddell | first1 = Peter J.| last2 = Okada | first2 = Norohiro| last3 = Hasegawa | first3 = Masami| doi = 10.1093/sysbio/48.1.1 | title = Towards Resolving the Interordinal Relationships of Placental Mammals | journal = [[Systematic Biology]] | volume = 48 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–5 | year = 1999 | pmid = 12078634| doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Murphy | first1 = W.J. | last2 = Pringle | first2 = T.H. | last3 = Crider | first3 = T.A. | last4 = Springer | first4 = M.S. | last5 = Miller | first5 = W. | year = 2007 | title = Using genomic data to unravel the root of the placental mammal phylogeny | journal = [[Genome Research]] | volume = 17 | issue = 4| pages = 413–421 | doi=10.1101/gr.5918807 | pmid=17322288 | pmc=1832088}}</ref>


Alternative hypotheses are that Boreoeutheria and Afrotheria combine to form [[Epitheria]] (as generally supported by anatomical and other physiological evidence) or that Boreoeutheria and Xenarthra combine to form [[Exafroplacentalia]] or [[Notolegia]].<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Wildman | first1 = Derek E.| last2 = Chen | first2 = Caoyi| last3 = Erez | first3 = Offer| last4 = Grossman | first4 = Lawrence I.| last5 = Goodman | first5 = Morris| last6 = Romero | first6 = Roberto| title = Evolution of the mammalian placenta revealed by phylogenetic analysis | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0511344103 | journal = [[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]]| volume = 103 | issue = 9 | pages = 3203–3208 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16492730| pmc = 1413940| bibcode = 2006PNAS..103.3203W| doi-access = free}}</ref>
Alternative hypotheses are that Boreoeutheria and Afrotheria combine to form [[Epitheria]] (as generally supported by anatomical and other physiological evidence) or that Boreoeutheria and Xenarthra combine to form [[Exafroplacentalia]] or [[Notolegia]].<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Wildman | first1 = Derek E.| last2 = Chen | first2 = Caoyi| last3 = Erez | first3 = Offer| last4 = Grossman | first4 = Lawrence I.| last5 = Goodman | first5 = Morris| last6 = Romero | first6 = Roberto| title = Evolution of the mammalian placenta revealed by phylogenetic analysis | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0511344103 | journal = [[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]]| volume = 103 | issue = 9 | pages = 3203–3208 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16492730| pmc = 1413940| bibcode = 2006PNAS..103.3203W| doi-access = free}}</ref>
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|label1=&nbsp;&nbsp;Atlantogenata&nbsp;&nbsp;
|label1=&nbsp;&nbsp;Atlantogenata&nbsp;&nbsp;
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=[[Afrotheria]]
|1=[[Xenarthra]]
|2=[[Xenarthra]]}}
|2=[[Afrotheria]]
}}
|label2=[[Boreoeutheria]]
|label2=[[Boreoeutheria]]
|2={{clade
|2={{clade
|1=[[Euarchontoglires]]
|1=[[Laurasiatheria]]&nbsp;&nbsp;
|2=[[Laurasiatheria]]&nbsp;&nbsp;
|2=[[Euarchontoglires]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
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|label2=[[Afrotheria]]
|label2=[[Afrotheria]]
|2={{Clade
|2={{Clade
|label1=[[Afroinsectiphilia]]
|label1=[[Paenungulata]]
|1={{Clade
|1={{Clade
⚫
|label1=[[Hyrax|Hyracoidea]]
⚫
|1=[[Hyrax|Procaviidae]]
⚫
|label2=[[Tethytheria]]
⚫
|2={{Clade
⚫
|label1=[[Sirenia]]
⚫
|1={{Clade
⚫
|1=[[Trichechidae]]
⚫
|2=[[Dugongidae]]
⚫
}}
⚫
|label2=[[Proboscidea]]
⚫
|2=[[Elephantidae]]
}} }}
⚫
|label2=[[Afroinsectiphilia]]
⚫
|2={{Clade
|label1=[[Tubulidentata]]
|label1=[[Tubulidentata]]
|1=[[Orycteropodidae]]
|1=[[Orycteropodidae]]
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|2=[[Tenrecidae]]
|2=[[Tenrecidae]]
}} }} }}
}} }} }}
}} }} }}
⚫
|label2=[[Paenungulata]]
⚫
|2={{Clade
⚫
|label1=[[Hyrax|Hyracoidea]]
⚫
|1=[[Hyrax|Procaviidae]]
⚫
|label2=[[Tethytheria]]
⚫
|2={{Clade
⚫
|label1=[[Proboscidea]]
⚫
|1=[[Elephantidae]]
⚫
|label2=[[Sirenia]]
⚫
|2={{Clade
⚫
|1=[[Dugongidae]]
⚫
|2=[[Trichechidae]]
⚫
}} }} }} }} }} }}


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 01:00, 18 July 2024

Atlantogenata
Temporal range: Paleocene–Recent
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Infraclass: Placentalia
Clade: Atlantogenata
Waddell et al, 1999[1]
Subgroups

Atlantogenata is a proposed clade of placental mammals containing the cohorts or superorders Xenarthra and Afrotheria.[1] These groups originated and radiated in the South American and African continents, respectively, presumably in the Cretaceous. Together with Boreoeutheria, they make up Eutheria. The monophyly of this grouping is supported by some genetic evidence.[2][3]

Alternative hypotheses are that Boreoeutheria and Afrotheria combine to form Epitheria (as generally supported by anatomical and other physiological evidence) or that Boreoeutheria and Xenarthra combine to form Exafroplacentalia or Notolegia.[4]

Updated analysis of transposable element insertions around the time of divergence strongly supports the fourth hypothesis of a near-concomitant origin (trifurcation) of the three superorders of mammals: Afrotheria, Boreoeutheria, and Xenarthra.[5][6]

Eutheria  

Below shows the phylogeny of the extant atlantogenate families.

Atlantogenata

References

  1. ^ a b Waddell, Peter J.; Cao, Ying; Hasegawa, Masami; Mindell, David P. (1999). "Assessing the Cretaceous Superordinal Divergence Times within Birds and Placental Mammals by Using Whole Mitochondrial Protein Sequences and an Extended Statistical Framework". Systematic Biology. 48 (1): 119–137. doi:10.1080/106351599260481. PMID 12078636.
  2. ^ Waddell, Peter J.; Okada, Norohiro; Hasegawa, Masami (1999). "Towards Resolving the Interordinal Relationships of Placental Mammals". Systematic Biology. 48 (1): 1–5. doi:10.1093/sysbio/48.1.1. PMID 12078634.
  3. ^ Murphy, W.J.; Pringle, T.H.; Crider, T.A.; Springer, M.S.; Miller, W. (2007). "Using genomic data to unravel the root of the placental mammal phylogeny". Genome Research. 17 (4): 413–421. doi:10.1101/gr.5918807. PMC 1832088. PMID 17322288.
  4. ^ Wildman, Derek E.; Chen, Caoyi; Erez, Offer; Grossman, Lawrence I.; Goodman, Morris; Romero, Roberto (2006). "Evolution of the mammalian placenta revealed by phylogenetic analysis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 103 (9): 3203–3208. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.3203W. doi:10.1073/pnas.0511344103. PMC 1413940. PMID 16492730.
  5. ^ Nishihara, H.; Maruyama, S.; Okada, N. (2009). "Retroposon analysis and recent geological data suggest near-simultaneous divergence of the three superorders of mammals". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 106 (13): 5235–40. Bibcode:2009PNAS..106.5235N. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809297106. PMC 2655268. PMID 19286970.
  6. ^ Churakov, G.; Kriegs, J. O.; Baertsch, R.; Zemann, A.; Brosius, J. R.; Schmitz, J. R. (2009). "Mosaic retroposon insertion patterns in placental mammals". Genome Research. 19 (5): 868–875. doi:10.1101/gr.090647.108. PMC 2675975. PMID 19261842.

Further reading


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