Jump to content

Jingo-keiun: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
removed additional word (WP:Typo Team)
 
(13 intermediate revisions by 10 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Period of Japanese history (767–770 CE)}}
{{History of Japan|Shoso-in.jpg| Image explanation = [[Shōsōin]]}}
{{History of Japan|Shoso-in.jpg| Image explanation = [[Shōsōin]]}}
{{nihongo|'''Jingo-keiun'''|神護景雲}} was a {{nihongo|[[Japanese era name]]|年号,|''nengō''|"year name"}} after ''[[Tenpyō-jingo]]'' and before ''[[Hōki]].'' This period spanned the years from August 767 through October 770.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Jingo-keiun''" in [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA422&dq= ''Japan encyclopedia'', p. 422]; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'' [http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120524174828/http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 |date=2012-05-24 }}.</ref> The reigning empress was {{nihongo|[[Empress Shōtoku]]''-tennō''|称徳天皇}}. This was the same woman who had reigned previously as the former {{nihongo|[[Empress Kōken|Kōken]]''-tennō''|孝謙天皇}}.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PP9&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran#PRA1-PA78,M1 ''Annales des empereurs du Japon'', pp. 78-81]; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō'', pp. 274-276; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki.'' p. 143-147.</ref>
{{nihongo|'''Jingo-keiun'''|神護景雲}} was a {{nihongo|[[Japanese era name]]|年号|''nengō''|"year name"}} after ''[[Tenpyō-jingo]]'' and before ''[[Hōki]].'' This period spanned the years from August 767 through October 770.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Jingo-keiun''" in [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA422 ''Japan encyclopedia'', p. 422]; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'' [http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120524174828/http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 |date=2012-05-24 }}.</ref> The reigning empress was {{nihongo|[[Empress Shōtoku]]''-tennō''|称徳天皇}}. This was the same woman who had reigned previously as the former {{nihongo|[[Empress Kōken|Kōken]]''-tennō''|孝謙天皇}}.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 ''Annales des empereurs du Japon'', pp. 78-81]; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō'', pp. 274-276; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki.'' p. 143-147.</ref>


==Change of era==
==Change of era==
Line 6: Line 7:


==Events of the ''Jingo-keiun'' era==
==Events of the ''Jingo-keiun'' era==
* '''8 September 669''' (''Jingo-keiun 3, 4th day of the 8th month'')<!-- NengoCalc 神護景雲三年八月四日 -->: In the 5th year of Shōtoku''-tennō'' 's reign (称徳天皇5年), the empress died; and she designated Senior Counselor Prince Shirakabe as her heir.<ref>Brown, pp. 276-277.</ref>
* '''8 September 769''' (''Jingo-keiun 3, 4th day of the 8th month'')<!-- NengoCalc 神護景雲三年八月四日 -->: In the 5th year of Shōtoku''-tennō''{{'}}s reign (称徳天皇5年), the empress died; and she designated Senior Counselor Prince Shirakabe as her heir.<ref>Brown, pp. 276-277.</ref>
* '''770''' (''Jingo-keiun 3, 4th day of the 8th month''): The succession (''senso'') was received by a 62-year-old grandson of [[Emperor Tenji]].<ref>Brown, p. 276; Varley, p. 44, 148; a distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to [[Emperor Tenji]]; and all sovereigns except [[Empress Jitō|Jitō]], [[Emperor Yōzei|Yōzei]], [[Emperor Go-Toba|Go-Toba]], and [[Emperor Fushimi|Fushimi]] have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until the reign of [[Emperor Go-Murakami]].</ref>
* '''770''' (''Jingo-keiun 3, 4th day of the 8th month''): The succession (''senso'') was received by a 62-year-old grandson of [[Emperor Tenji]].<ref>Brown, p. 276; Varley, p. 44, 148; a distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to [[Emperor Tenji]]; and all sovereigns except [[Empress Jitō|Jitō]], [[Emperor Yōzei|Yōzei]], [[Emperor Go-Toba|Go-Toba]], and [[Emperor Fushimi|Fushimi]] have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until the reign of [[Emperor Go-Murakami]].</ref>
* '''770''' (''Jingo-keiun 3, 1st day of the 10th month''): [[Emperor Kōnin]] was is said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'') in a formal ceremony;and the [[nengō]] was changed to ''Hōki'' on the very same day.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PP9&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran#PRA1-PA81,M1 p. 81]; Brown, p. 277; Varley, p. 44, 148.</ref>
* '''770''' (''Jingo-keiun 3, 1st day of the 10th month''): [[Emperor Kōnin]] was said to have acceded to the throne (''sokui'') in a formal ceremony;and the [[nengō]] was changed to ''Hōki'' on the very same day.<ref>Titsingh, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran&pg=PP9 p. 81]; Brown, p. 277; Varley, p. 44, 148.</ref>


The ''Jingō-kaihō''' was a copper coin issued from 765 to 796. It had a diameter of about 23&nbsp;mm and a weight of between 3.4 and 4.5&nbsp;grams.<ref>Nussbaum, "''Jingō-kaihō''" in [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA422&dq= ''Japan encyclopedia'', p. 422.]</ref>
The ''Jingō-kaihō''' was a copper coin issued from 765 to 796. It had a diameter of about 23&nbsp;mm and a weight of between 3.4 and 4.5&nbsp;grams.<ref>Nussbaum, "''Jingō-kaihō''" in [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA422 ''Japan encyclopedia'', p. 422.]</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
Line 19: Line 20:


==References==
==References==
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&dq=Gukansho&source=gbs_navlinks_s ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/title/future-and-the-past-a-transl-and-study-of-the-gukansho-an-interpretative-history-of-japan-written-in-1219/oclc/251325323 OCLC 251325323]
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323 OCLC 251325323]
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&client=firefox-a ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition OCLC 58053128]
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition OCLC 58053128]
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Odai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&dq=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.''] Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/nipon-o-dai-itsi-ran-ou-annales-des-empereurs-du-japon/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Odai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.''] Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley, H. Paul]]. (1980). ''A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa.'' New York: [[Columbia University Press]]. {{ISBN|9780231049405}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/title/chronicle-of-gods-and-sovereigns-jinno-shotoki-of-kitabatake-chikafusa/oclc/6042764&referer=brief_results OCLC 6042764]
* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley, H. Paul]]. (1980). ''A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa.'' New York: [[Columbia University Press]]. {{ISBN|9780231049405}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6042764 OCLC 6042764]


==External links==
==External links==
Line 40: Line 41:
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jingo-Keiun}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jingo-Keiun}}
[[Category:Japanese eras]]
[[Category:Japanese eras]]
[[Category:8th century in Japan]]
[[Category:760s in Japan]]
[[Category:770s in Japan]]
[[Category:767 beginnings]]
[[Category:767 beginnings]]
[[Category:770 endings]]
[[Category:770 endings]]

Latest revision as of 19:53, 3 July 2024

Part of a series on the
History of Japan
Periods
Paleolithicbefore 14,000 BC
Jōmon14,000–1000 BC
1000 BC – 300 AD
300–538 AD
538–710
710–794
794–1185
1185–1333
1336–1573
1573–1603
1603–1868
1868–1912
1912–1926
Shōwa
1926–1989
1989–2019
2019–present
Topics

Jingo-keiun (神護景雲) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after Tenpyō-jingo and before Hōki. This period spanned the years from August 767 through October 770.[1] The reigning empress was Empress Shōtoku-tennō (称徳天皇). This was the same woman who had reigned previously as the former Kōken-tennō (孝謙天皇).[2]

Change of era

[edit]
  • 767 Jingo-keiun gannen (神護景雲元年): The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Tenpyō-jingo 3, on the 18th day of the 8th month of 767.[3]

Events of the Jingo-keiun era

[edit]
  • 8 September 769 (Jingo-keiun 3, 4th day of the 8th month): In the 5th year of Shōtoku-tennō's reign (称徳天皇5年), the empress died; and she designated Senior Counselor Prince Shirakabe as her heir.[4]
  • 770 (Jingo-keiun 3, 4th day of the 8th month): The succession (senso) was received by a 62-year-old grandson of Emperor Tenji.[5]
  • 770 (Jingo-keiun 3, 1st day of the 10th month): Emperor Kōnin was said to have acceded to the throne (sokui) in a formal ceremony;and the nengō was changed to Hōki on the very same day.[6]

The Jingō-kaihō' was a copper coin issued from 765 to 796. It had a diameter of about 23 mm and a weight of between 3.4 and 4.5 grams.[7]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Jingo-keiun" in Japan encyclopedia, p. 422; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Archived 2012-05-24 at archive.today.
  2. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 78-81; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 274-276; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 143-147.
  3. ^ Brown, p. 276.
  4. ^ Brown, pp. 276-277.
  5. ^ Brown, p. 276; Varley, p. 44, 148; a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami.
  6. ^ Titsingh, p. 81; Brown, p. 277; Varley, p. 44, 148.
  7. ^ Nussbaum, "Jingō-kaihō" in Japan encyclopedia, p. 422.

References

[edit]
  • Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
  • Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
  • Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
  • Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231049405; OCLC 6042764
[edit]
Preceded by Era or nengō
Jingo-keiun
767–770 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jingo-keiun&oldid=1232447965"