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{{Short description|Japanese breed of chicken}}
The '''Tomaru''' is a [[breed]] of [[chicken]] originating in [[Japan]], It appears in a single variety with black plumage. Tomarus are best known for their exceptionally long, musical crows (in roosters), which can be sustained for up to 25 seconds.
{{infobox poultry breed
| name = Tōmaru
| image = Tomaru Roosendaal 2016.jpg
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| status = {{ubl|[[FAO]] (2007): not at risk{{r|barb|p=72}}|[[DAD-IS]] (2022): unknown{{r|dad}}}}
| altname =
| country = Japan
| distribution =
| standard =
| use =
| weight =
| maleweight = 3.3 kg{{r|dad}}
| femaleweight = 2.1 kg{{r|dad}}
| colour = black
| skincolour =
| eggcolour =
| comb =
| apa = no{{r|apa}}
| aba =
| ee = yes{{r|ee}}
| pcgb = yes{{r|allonby|p=344}}
| aps =
| note =
| type = [[Chicken]]
| latin = Gallus gallus domesticus
}}


The '''Tōmaru''' ({{lang|ja|唐丸}}) is a Japanese [[list of chicken breeds|breed]] of [[long-crowing chicken]]. The crow may be sustained for some 25 seconds. It is one of four Japanese long-crowing breeds, the others being the Koeyoshi, the Kurokashiwa and the Tōtenkō.{{r|allonby|p=344|roberts|p2=332}}
⚫
==References==
* {{cite book |title=Choosing and Keeping Chickens |last=Graham |first=Chris |year=2006 |publisher=Octopus Publishing |location=2-4 Heron Quays London E14 4JP |isbn=978-0-7938-0601-0 }}


==See also==
== History ==

* [[List of chicken breeds]]
The Tōmaru is thought to have originated in China at the time of the [[Tang dynasty]]; the [[kanji]] character {{lang|ja|唐}}, 'tou', represents that dynasty.{{r|julia}}

The Tomaru was registered as a [[Japanese natural monument]] of [[Niigata Prefecture]] in 1939.{{r|faocr|p=101}}

== Characteristics ==

The Tōmaru has only one [[list of chicken colours|colour]], black with a greenish sheen.{{r|allonby|p=344}} The body is broad and compact with a full breast. The tail is held low, but higher than horizontally; although the [[list of chicken feathers|sickle feathers]] may be long enough to touch the ground, this is not usually considered a long-tailed breed.{{r|julia}} The feet and shanks are dark slate-grey.{{r|julia}} The comb is single. The ears and face are red, sometimes with dark markings; in hens the face may be entirely black.{{r|allonby|p=344}}

⚫
== References ==
{{commonscat}}
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name=allonby>J. Ian H. Allonby, Philippe B. Wilson (editors) (2018). [https://books.google.it/books?id=A6BtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA489&hl=en ''British Poultry Standards: complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain''], seventh edition. Chichester; Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley Blackwell. {{isbn|9781119509141}}.</ref>

<ref name=apa>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171104135004/http://www.amerpoultryassn.com/PDF%20Forms/APA%20Recognized%20Breeds%20and%20Varieties%20Sept2012.pdf APA Recognized Breeds and Varieties: As of January 1, 2012]. American Poultry Association. Archived 4 November 2017.</ref>

<ref name=barb>Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200623201209/http://www.fao.org/3/a1250e/annexes/List%20of%20breeds%20documented%20in%20the%20Global%20Databank%20for%20Animal%20Genetic%20Resources/List_breeds.pdf List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources], annex to [https://web.archive.org/web/20170110125634/http://www.fao.org/3/a-a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{isbn|9789251057629}}. Archived 23 June 2020.</ref>

<ref name=dad>[https://dadis-breed-datasheet-ext-ws.firebaseapp.com/?country=JPN&specie=Chicken&breed=Tomaru&lang=en Breed data sheet: Tomaru / Japan (Chicken)]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed July 2022.</ref>


<ref name=ee>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130616062803/http://www.entente-ee.com/deutsch/sparten/gefluegel/dateien/2013/Verzeichnis%20R%20F%2028042013.xls Liste des races et variétés homologuée dans les pays EE (28.04.2013)]. Entente Européenne d’Aviculture et de Cuniculture. Archived 16 June 2013.</ref>

<ref name=faocr>[https://www.fao.org/3/a1250e/annexes/CountryReports/Japan.pdf ''Country Report (For FAO State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources Process)'']. Tsukuba: Animal Genetic Resources Laboratory, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences. {{ISBN|9789251057629}}. Annex to: Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20170110125634/http://www.fao.org/3/a-a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{isbn|9789251057629}}. Archived 10 January 2017.</ref>

<ref name=julia>Julia Keeling ([n.d.). [https://web.archive.org/web/20180202061142/http://longtail-fowl.com/tomaru.html Tomaru (Toumaru) 唐丸鶏]. Asian Hardfeather Club. Archived 2 February 2018.</ref>

<ref name=roberts>Victoria Roberts (2008). [https://books.google.it/books?id=nAfyUHY42u0C&hl=en ''British Poultry Standards: complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain''], sixth edition. Oxford: Blackwell. {{isbn|9781405156424}}.</ref>

}}




{{Long-crowing chickens}}
{{Long-crowing chickens}}
{{Chicken breeds of Japan}}


[[Category:Chicken breeds]]
[[Category:Chicken breeds]]
[[Category:Chicken breeds originating in Japan]]
[[Category:Chicken breeds originating in Japan]]
[[Category:Long-crowing chickens]]




{{bots|deny=Citation bot}}
{{poultry-stub}}

Latest revision as of 03:57, 14 June 2024

Tōmaru
Conservation status
Country of originJapan
Traits
Weight
  • Male:
    3.3 kg[2]
  • Female:
    2.1 kg[2]
Colourblack
Classification
APAno[3]
EEyes[4]
PCGByes[5]: 344 

The Tōmaru (唐丸) is a Japanese breed of long-crowing chicken. The crow may be sustained for some 25 seconds. It is one of four Japanese long-crowing breeds, the others being the Koeyoshi, the Kurokashiwa and the Tōtenkō.[5]: 344 [6]: 332 

History

[edit]

The Tōmaru is thought to have originated in China at the time of the Tang dynasty; the kanji character 唐, 'tou', represents that dynasty.[7]

The Tomaru was registered as a Japanese natural monument of Niigata Prefecture in 1939.[8]: 101 

Characteristics

[edit]

The Tōmaru has only one colour, black with a greenish sheen.[5]: 344  The body is broad and compact with a full breast. The tail is held low, but higher than horizontally; although the sickle feathers may be long enough to touch the ground, this is not usually considered a long-tailed breed.[7] The feet and shanks are dark slate-grey.[7] The comb is single. The ears and face are red, sometimes with dark markings; in hens the face may be entirely black.[5]: 344 

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tomaru.
  1. ^ Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources, annex to The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Archived 23 June 2020.
  2. ^ a b c Breed data sheet: Tomaru / Japan (Chicken). Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed July 2022.
  3. ^ APA Recognized Breeds and Varieties: As of January 1, 2012. American Poultry Association. Archived 4 November 2017.
  4. ^ Liste des races et variétés homologuée dans les pays EE (28.04.2013). Entente Européenne d’Aviculture et de Cuniculture. Archived 16 June 2013.
  5. ^ a b c d J. Ian H. Allonby, Philippe B. Wilson (editors) (2018). British Poultry Standards: complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain, seventh edition. Chichester; Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley Blackwell. ISBN 9781119509141.
  6. ^ Victoria Roberts (2008). British Poultry Standards: complete specifications and judging points of all standardized breeds and varieties of poultry as compiled by the specialist breed clubs and recognised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain, sixth edition. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 9781405156424.
  7. ^ a b c Julia Keeling ([n.d.). Tomaru (Toumaru) 唐丸鶏. Asian Hardfeather Club. Archived 2 February 2018.
  8. ^ Country Report (For FAO State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources Process). Tsukuba: Animal Genetic Resources Laboratory, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences. ISBN 9789251057629. Annex to: Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Archived 10 January 2017.



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