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{{Short description|1920s French military trainer aircraft}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
{|{{Infobox aircraft begin
| name=Caudron C.140
| name=Caudron C.140
| image=Caudron C.140 left front L'Aéronautique June,1928.jpg
| image=
| caption=
| caption=
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type
}}{{Infobox aircraft type
| type=Liaison and observation and gunnery trainedr
| type=Liaison and observation and gunnery trainer
| national origin=[[France]]
| national origin=[[France]]
| manufacturer=[[Caudron]]
| manufacturer=[[Caudron]]
| designer=Paul Deville
| designer=Paul Deville
| first flight=1928
| first flight=Summer 1928
| introduced=
| introduced=
| retired=
| retired=
Line 24: Line 25:
|}
|}


The '''Caudron C.140''' was a [[France|French]] [[sesquiplane]] designed in 1928 as a combination of liaison aircraft and observer and gunnery trainer.
The '''Caudron C.140''' was a French [[tandem]] [[cockpit]] [[sesquiplane]] designed in 1928 as a combination of liaison aircraft and observer and gunnery trainer.


==Design and development==
==Design and development==
The C.140 was designed in the first half of 1928 to meet a French military call for a multi-purpose aircraft that could train pilots and gunners in gunnery and photographic and radio reconnaissance work as well as fulfilling a liaison role. It was a [[biplane#Bays|single bay]], markedly unequal span biplane (sesquiplane). The upper wing was in three parts, with easily detachable, rectangular plan outer panels joined to a central panel which included a broad cut-out over the [[fuselage]] to enhance the upward view from the [[cockpit]]s. The lower wings were similar but with the lower fuselage in place of the central panel. Both wings had two [[duralumin]] [[spar (aviation)|spar]]s, wooden [[rib (aircraft)|rib]]s and duralumin tube [[drag strut]]s. Parallel pairs of outward-leaning [[interplane strut]]s, again of tubular duralumin, linked upper and lower wing spars aided by wire bracing. Similar parallel pairs of outward-leaning [[cabane strut]]s joined the central panel to the upper fuselage [[longerons]].<ref name=Lailes/><ref name=Hauet/>
The C.140 was designed in the first half of 1928 to meet a French military call for a multi-purpose aircraft that could train pilots and gunners in gunnery and in photographic and radio reconnaissance work as well as fulfilling a liaison role.<ref name=Lailes/><ref name=Hauet>{{cite book |title=Les Avions Caudrons |last=Hauet|first=André|year=2001|volume=1|publisher=Lela Presse|location=Outreau|isbn=2 914017-08-1|page=205}}</ref>


It was a [[biplane#Bays|single bay]], markedly unequal span biplane or sesquiplane. The upper wing was in three parts, with easily detachable, rectangular plan outer panels joined to a central panel which included a broad cut-out over the [[fuselage]] to enhance the upward view from the tandem cockpits. The lower wings were similar but with the lower fuselage in place of the central panel. Both wings had two drawn, rectangular section [[duralumin]] tube [[spar (aviation)|spar]]s drilled for lightness, wooden [[rib (aircraft)|rib]]s and round duralumin tube internal [[drag strut]]s. Parallel pairs of outward-leaning [[interplane strut]]s, again of round tubular duralumin, linked upper and lower wing spars aided by wire bracing. Similar parallel pairs of outward-leaning [[cabane strut]]s joined the central panel to the upper fuselage [[longerons]]. There was no [[stagger (aeronautics)|stagger]] or [[dihedral (aircraft)|dihedral]].<ref name=Lailes/><ref name=Hauet/>

The C.140 was powered by an uncowled {{convert|230|hp|kW|abbr=on|0|order=flip}} [[Salmson 9AB]] nine cylinder [[radial engine]], mounted on duralumin bearers. In the case of a fire, the {{convert|200|L|Impgal USgal|abbr=on|0}} fuel tank could be jettisoned in flight. Behind the engine the fuselage was of mixed construction and a deep oval in section, with multiple longitudinal members. The pilot sat in the forward, open cockpit under the rear of the wing, with the observer close behind, about halfway to the tail, where there was a shallow triangular [[fin]] with a parallel edged [[rudder]] with a tip continuing the upper fin line and a lower edge reaching to the keel. The small [[tailplane]] was rectangular in plan and carried larger area, overhanging [[balanced rudder|balanced]] [[elevator (aircraft)|elevator]]s with a small cut-out for rudder movement. The C.140 had a [[landing gear|tail skid undercarriage]] with its main wheels on a single axle, sprung to two sets of steel V-struts from the lower wing root.<ref name=Lailes/><ref name=Hauet/>

For gunnery training the pilot had a [[camera-gun]] and the observer a pair of [[Lewis machine gun]]s. The observer also had a wide-angle camera for photographic reconnaissance and radio equipment for immediate reporting. The C.140 was equipped for night flying.<ref name=Lailes>{{cite journal |date=June 1928 |title=Avions Caudron|journal=Les Ailes|volume=10 |issue=110 |page=14|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65680617/f138}}</ref><ref name=Hauet/>

The C.140 first flew in the summer of 1928. It did not go into series production.<ref name=Lailes/><ref name=Hauet/>


==Specifications ==
==Specifications ==
{{Aircraft specs
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928,<ref name=JAWA1928>{{cite book |title=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928 |editor1-last=Grey |editor1-first=C.G. |year=1928 |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd |location=London |pages=96c}}</ref> Aviafrance:C-140<ref name="afc-140">{{cite web|last1=Parmentier|first1=Bruno|title=Caudron C.140, avoion de liaison par Aviafrance|url=https://www.aviafrance.com/aviafrance1.php?ID=1883&ID_CONSTRUCTEUR=313&ANNEE=0&ID_MISSION=0&MOTCLEF=|website=Aviafrance|location=Paris|language=fr}}</ref>
|ref=<!-- reference -->
|prime units?=met
|prime units?=met
<!--
<!--
General characteristics
General characteristics
-->
-->
|genhide=

|crew=Two
|crew=Two
|capacity=
|length m=7.84
|length m=7.84
⚫
|upper span m=11.3
|length note=
⚫
|upper span m=11.30
|upper span note=
|lower span m=7.87
|lower span m=7.87
⚫
|height m=3.2
|lower span note=
⚫
|height m=2.92
|height ft=
|wing area sqm=28
|wing area sqm=28
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil=
|airfoil=
|empty weight kg=896
|empty weight kg=896
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=1300
|gross weight kg=1300
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=
|max takeoff weight kg=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity={{convert|200|l|Impgal USgal|abbr=on|0}}
|fuel capacity={{convert|200|L|Impgal USgal|abbr=on|0}}
|more general=
|more general=
<!--
<!--
Line 66: Line 65:
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=[[Salmson 9AB]]
|eng1 name=[[Salmson 9AB]]
|eng1 type=airc-cooled 9-cylinder [[radial engine|radial]]
|eng1 type=air-cooled 9-cylinder [[radial engine|radial]]
|eng1 hp=230
|eng1 hp=230
⚫
|power original=230 CV
|eng1 shp=<!-- prop engines -->
|eng1 note=
⚫
|power original=230 ch
|more power=


|prop blade number=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop blade number=2
|prop name=
|prop name=wooden fixed-pitch propeller
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia m=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
|prop dia ft=<!-- propeller aircraft -->
Line 83: Line 79:
Performance
Performance
-->
-->
|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=185
|max speed kmh=185
|max speed note=
|max speed note=at {{cvt|2000|m}}

|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed mph=
|cruise speed mph=
Line 100: Line 93:
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed kts=
|never exceed speed note=
|never exceed speed note=
|minimum control speed kmh=
|minimum control speed mph=
|minimum control speed kts=
|minimum control speed note=
|range km=
|range km=
|range miles=
|range miles=
Line 121: Line 110:
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|g limits=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|roll rate=<!-- aerobatic -->
|glide ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=
|climb rate ftmin=
|climb rate note=
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|time to altitude=
⚫
|wing loading kg/m2=46.5
|sink rate ms=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate ftmin=<!-- sailplanes -->
|sink rate note=
|lift to drag=
⚫
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=
|power/mass={{cvt|0.08064|hp/lb|kW/kg|order=flip}}
|thrust/weight=

|more performance=
|more performance=


Line 143: Line 123:


==References==
==References==
{{Commons category|Caudron C.140}}
{{reflist|refs=
{{reflist}}

<ref name=Hauet>{{cite book |title=Les Avions Caudrons |last=Hauet|first=André|year=2001|volume=1|publisher=Lela Presse|location=Outreau|isbn=2 914017-08-1|pages=205}}</ref>

http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65680617/f138

<ref name=Lailes>{{cite journal |last= |first= |authorlink= |coauthors= |date=June 1928 |title=Avions Caudron|journal=Les Ailes|volume=10 |issue=110 |page=p.14|url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k65680617/f138|language=en }}</ref>


}}
<!-- ==Further reading== -->
<!-- ==External links== -->

<!-- Navboxes go here -->

{{Caudron aircraft}}
{{Caudron aircraft}}
{{Aviation lists}}


[[:Category:Sesquiplanes]]
[[Category:Caudron aircraft|C.140]]
[[:Category:French military utility aircraft 1920–1929]]]
[[Category:Sesquiplanes]]
[[:Category:Caudron aircraft|C.140]]
[[Category:1920s French military utility aircraft]]

Latest revision as of 21:36, 11 June 2024

Caudron C.140
Role Liaison and observation and gunnery trainer
National origin France
Manufacturer Caudron
Designer Paul Deville
First flight Summer 1928

The Caudron C.140 was a French tandem cockpit sesquiplane designed in 1928 as a combination of liaison aircraft and observer and gunnery trainer.

Design and development

[edit]

The C.140 was designed in the first half of 1928 to meet a French military call for a multi-purpose aircraft that could train pilots and gunners in gunnery and in photographic and radio reconnaissance work as well as fulfilling a liaison role.[1][2]

It was a single bay, markedly unequal span biplane or sesquiplane. The upper wing was in three parts, with easily detachable, rectangular plan outer panels joined to a central panel which included a broad cut-out over the fuselage to enhance the upward view from the tandem cockpits. The lower wings were similar but with the lower fuselage in place of the central panel. Both wings had two drawn, rectangular section duralumin tube spars drilled for lightness, wooden ribs and round duralumin tube internal drag struts. Parallel pairs of outward-leaning interplane struts, again of round tubular duralumin, linked upper and lower wing spars aided by wire bracing. Similar parallel pairs of outward-leaning cabane struts joined the central panel to the upper fuselage longerons. There was no stagger or dihedral.[1][2]

The C.140 was powered by an uncowled 172 kW (230 hp) Salmson 9AB nine cylinder radial engine, mounted on duralumin bearers. In the case of a fire, the 200 L (44 imp gal; 53 US gal) fuel tank could be jettisoned in flight. Behind the engine the fuselage was of mixed construction and a deep oval in section, with multiple longitudinal members. The pilot sat in the forward, open cockpit under the rear of the wing, with the observer close behind, about halfway to the tail, where there was a shallow triangular fin with a parallel edged rudder with a tip continuing the upper fin line and a lower edge reaching to the keel. The small tailplane was rectangular in plan and carried larger area, overhanging balanced elevators with a small cut-out for rudder movement. The C.140 had a tail skid undercarriage with its main wheels on a single axle, sprung to two sets of steel V-struts from the lower wing root.[1][2]

For gunnery training the pilot had a camera-gun and the observer a pair of Lewis machine guns. The observer also had a wide-angle camera for photographic reconnaissance and radio equipment for immediate reporting. The C.140 was equipped for night flying.[1][2]

The C.140 first flew in the summer of 1928. It did not go into series production.[1][2]

Specifications

[edit]

Data from Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928,[3] Aviafrance:C-140[4]

General characteristics

  • Crew: Two
  • Length: 7.84 m (25 ft 9 in)
  • Upper wingspan: 11.3 m (37 ft 1 in)
  • Lower wingspan: 7.87 m (25 ft 10 in)
  • Height: 3.2 m (10 ft 6 in)
  • Wing area: 28 m2 (300 sq ft)
  • Empty weight: 896 kg (1,975 lb)
  • Gross weight: 1,300 kg (2,866 lb)
  • Fuel capacity: 200 L (44 imp gal; 53 US gal)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Salmson 9AB air-cooled 9-cylinder radial, 170 kW (230 hp) 230 CV
  • Propellers: 2-bladed wooden fixed-pitch propeller

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 185 km/h (115 mph, 100 kn) at 2,000 m (6,600 ft)
  • Service ceiling: 5,000 m (16,000 ft)
  • Wing loading: 46.5 kg/m2 (9.5 lb/sq ft)
  • Power/mass: 0.13257 kW/kg (0.08064 hp/lb)

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Caudron C.140.
  1. ^ a b c d e "Avions Caudron". Les Ailes. 10 (110): 14. June 1928.
  2. ^ a b c d e Hauet, André (2001). Les Avions Caudrons. Vol. 1. Outreau: Lela Presse. p. 205. ISBN 2 914017-08-1.
  3. ^ Grey, C.G., ed. (1928). Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1928. London: Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd. pp. 96c.
  4. ^ Parmentier, Bruno. "Caudron C.140, avoion de liaison par Aviafrance". Aviafrance (in French). Paris.
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