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{{Short description|Patriarch of Antioch from 519 to 521}}
{{Unreferenced|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox patriarch
| name = Paul the Jew
| image =
| patriarch_of = [[List of Greek Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch|Patriarch of Antioch and All the East]]
⚫
| church = [[Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch]]
| see = [[Antioch]]
| enthroned = 519
| ended = 521
| predecessor = [[Severus of Antioch|Severus I]]
| successor = [[Euphrasius of Antioch|Euphrasius]]
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Constantinople]], [[Eastern Roman Empire]]<br />(modern-day [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]])
| birth_name =
| death_date = 521
| death_place =
| residence =
| alma_mater =
| other =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Paul the Jew''' was the [[Patriarch of Antioch]] from 519 to 521.


==Biography==
The [[Council of Chalcedon|Chalcedonians]] took control of the [[See of Antioch]] in 518 and sent [[Severus of Antioch]] to exile and appointed Paul the Jew as Patriarch whose line continues in the "Byzantine" or "Melkite" [[Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch]].
Paul was born in Constantinople, where he became a priest and chief administrator of the Hospice of Euboulos.{{sfnm|Allen|2011|1p=27|Viezure|2011|2p=566}} Paul was consecrated Patriarch of Antioch by the end of June 519.{{sfnp|Viezure|2011|p=566}} He was consecrated in Antioch on the insistence of [[Pope Hormisdas]], despite initial plans to consecrate Paul in Constantinople.{{sfnp|Allen|2011|p=27}} The Church of Antioch suffered from a lack of funds at this time, and thus [[Roman emperor|Emperor]] [[Justin I]] bestowed upon Paul a large amount of money for the maintenance of the Church.{{sfnp|Allen|2011|p=27}}


After his ascension to the throne, Emperor Justin I ordered bishops within the [[Diocese of the East]] to accept the [[Council of Chalcedon]] or face deposition.{{sfnp|Evans|2000|p=108}} In November 519,{{sfnp|Gwynn|1911}} with the aid of the imperial army, the patriarch had [[Paul of Edessa|Paul]], [[Bishopric of Edessa|Bishop of Edessa]], who had refused to accept the council, forcibly removed from his church, despite the protestations of the local population, and exiled to Seleucia in Syria.{{sfnp|Tate|2004|pp=109–110}} Fearing civil unrest,{{sfnp|Tate|2004|pp=109–110}} Emperor Justin I restored Paul to the see of Edessa after forty days.{{sfnp|Evans|2000|p=108}} According to [[John of Ephesus]], Paul carried out assassinations and torture during his tenure as patriarch.{{sfnp|Tate|2004|pp=109–110}}
== See also ==
⚫
* [[List of Patriarchs of Antioch]]
⚫
* [[List of Greek Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch]]


Paul's persecution towards non-Chalcedonians earned him the cognomen, "the Jew".{{sfnp|Allen|2011|p=27}} He ordered non-Chalcedonian monks on the fringe of the [[Syrian Desert]] to sign a declaration of acceptance of the Council of Chalcedon, and those who failed to do so were threatened with removal from their monasteries.{{sfnp|Evans|2000|p=108}} The majority of monks refused to accept the council,{{sfnp|Evans|2000|p=108}} and thus Paul had the army led by [[Asclepius (Bishop of Edessa)|Asclepius]] sent to dislocate the monks.{{sfnp|Tate|2004|pp=109–110}} The resulting violence led Emperor Justin I to depose Paul in 521, who died shortly afterwards.{{sfnp|Tate|2004|pp=109–110}}
{{Patriarchs of Antioch}}


==References==
⚫
[[Category:Syrian Jews]]
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Bibliography==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*{{cite book |last=Allen|first=Pauline|date=2011 |chapter=Episcopal Succession in Antioch in the Sixth Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y-AHXIJ_HZ0C&q=paul+the+jew|title=Episcopal Elections in Late Antiquity|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn= 9783110268553}}
*{{cite book |last1=Evans|first1=J. A. S.|title=The Age of Justinian: The Circumstances of Imperial Power|publisher=Routledge |date=2000|author-link=James Allan Stewart Evans|url=https://www.scribd.com/document/240551324/The-Age-of-Justinian-the-Circumstances-of-Imperial-Power-Routledge-2000}}
*{{cite DCBL |last=Gwynn |first=John |author-link=John Gwynn (Syriacist) |wstitle=Paulus Edessenus}}{{sfn whitelist|CITEREFGwynn1911}}
*{{cite book |last1=Tate|first1=Georges|title=Justinien. L'épopée de l'Empire d'Orient (527-565)|publisher=Fayard |date=2004 }}
*{{cite book |last=Viezure|first=Dana luliana|date=2011 |chapter=The Election of Paul the Jew (519) in Light of the Theopaschite Controversy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y-AHXIJ_HZ0C&q=paul+the+jew|title=Episcopal Elections in Late Antiquity|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn= 9783110268553}}
{{div col end}}
{{s-start}}
{{succession box|
before=[[Severus of Antioch|Severus I]]|
title=[[List of Greek Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch|Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch]]|
years=519–521|
after=[[Euphrasius of Antioch|Euphrasius]]}}
{{s-end}}
⚫
{{Greek Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch}}
{{authority control}}

⚫
[[Category:6th-century archbishops]]
⚫
[[Category:Syrian archbishops]]
[[Category:People from Roman Syria]]
⚫
[[Category:6th-century Byzantine bishops]]
[[Category:People from Constantinople]]
[[Category:Greek Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch]]
[[Category:Greek Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch]]
[[Category:6th-century bishops]]
[[Category:521 deaths]]
⚫
[[Category:6th-century Byzantine people]]
⚫
[[Category:6th-century Jews]]

Latest revision as of 18:24, 13 May 2024

Paul the Jew
Patriarch of Antioch and All the East
ChurchGreek Orthodox Church of Antioch
SeeAntioch
Installed519
Term ended521
PredecessorSeverus I
SuccessorEuphrasius
Personal details
Born
Constantinople, Eastern Roman Empire
(modern-day Istanbul, Turkey)
Died521

Paul the Jew was the Patriarch of Antioch from 519 to 521.

Biography

[edit]

Paul was born in Constantinople, where he became a priest and chief administrator of the Hospice of Euboulos.[1] Paul was consecrated Patriarch of Antioch by the end of June 519.[2] He was consecrated in Antioch on the insistence of Pope Hormisdas, despite initial plans to consecrate Paul in Constantinople.[3] The Church of Antioch suffered from a lack of funds at this time, and thus Emperor Justin I bestowed upon Paul a large amount of money for the maintenance of the Church.[3]

After his ascension to the throne, Emperor Justin I ordered bishops within the Diocese of the East to accept the Council of Chalcedon or face deposition.[4] In November 519,[5] with the aid of the imperial army, the patriarch had Paul, Bishop of Edessa, who had refused to accept the council, forcibly removed from his church, despite the protestations of the local population, and exiled to Seleucia in Syria.[6] Fearing civil unrest,[6] Emperor Justin I restored Paul to the see of Edessa after forty days.[4] According to John of Ephesus, Paul carried out assassinations and torture during his tenure as patriarch.[6]

Paul's persecution towards non-Chalcedonians earned him the cognomen, "the Jew".[3] He ordered non-Chalcedonian monks on the fringe of the Syrian Desert to sign a declaration of acceptance of the Council of Chalcedon, and those who failed to do so were threatened with removal from their monasteries.[4] The majority of monks refused to accept the council,[4] and thus Paul had the army led by Asclepius sent to dislocate the monks.[6] The resulting violence led Emperor Justin I to depose Paul in 521, who died shortly afterwards.[6]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Allen 2011, p. 27; Viezure 2011, p. 566.
  2. ^ Viezure (2011), p. 566.
  3. ^ a b c Allen (2011), p. 27.
  4. ^ a b c d Evans (2000), p. 108.
  5. ^ Gwynn (1911).
  6. ^ a b c d e Tate (2004), pp. 109–110.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Allen, Pauline (2011). "Episcopal Succession in Antioch in the Sixth Century". Episcopal Elections in Late Antiquity. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110268553.
  • Evans, J. A. S. (2000). The Age of Justinian: The Circumstances of Imperial Power. Routledge.
  • Wikisource Gwynn, John (1911). "Paulus Edessenus" . In Wace, Henry; Piercy, William C. (eds.). Dictionary of Christian Biography and Literature to the End of the Sixth Century (3rd ed.). London: John Murray.
  • Tate, Georges (2004). Justinien. L'épopée de l'Empire d'Orient (527-565). Fayard.
  • Viezure, Dana luliana (2011). "The Election of Paul the Jew (519) in Light of the Theopaschite Controversy". Episcopal Elections in Late Antiquity. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110268553.
Preceded by Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch
519–521 		Succeeded by
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