Toko Ratana: Difference between revisions

Toko Ratana
Toko Ratana
	Ratana in 1935
Member of the New Zealand Parliament; for Western Maori
	In office; 1935–1944
Preceded by	Taite Te Tomo
Succeeded by	Matiu Rātana
Personal details
Born	Haami Tokouru Ratana; 21 July 1894; Parewanui, New Zealand
Died	30 October 1944 (aged 50); Ratana Pa, New Zealand
Political party	Rātana (1922–36); Labour (1936–44)

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Haami Tokouru Ratana (21 July 1894 – 30 October 1944) was a New Zealand politician and president of the Rātana Church. He joined Eruera Tirikatene in parliament as the second Rātana Independent Member of Parliament (MP), elected for the Western Maori electorate in 1935. Following the death of his father Tahupotiki Wiremu Ratana in 1939, Toko Ratana became the second Ratana movement president. He held both positions until his death in 1944.

Early life

Eldest son of the founder of the Ratana Church, Toko Ratana was educated at Whangaehu School and was bilingual in English and Māori. After enlisting in the New Zealand Pioneer Battalion during World War I, he served in Gallipoli and later in France, where he suffered the effects of a gas attack. This caused him ill health for the rest of his life.^[1]

Political career

New Zealand Parliament
Years	Term	Electorate
1935–1936	25th	Western Maori	Ratana
1936–1938	Changed allegiance to:		Labour
1938–1943	26th	Western Maori	Labour
1943–1944	27th	Western Maori	Labour

Toko Ratana stood unsuccessfully for parliament multiple times. First as an independent candidate for the Western Maori seat against Maui Pomare in 1922. As a Ratana Independent candidate and one of the "first cut of the body of the mangai", he stood against Pomare again in 1928, against Taite Te Tomo in the 1930 by-election after Pomare’s death and again in the 1931 general election.

He was elected in 1935, joining fellow Ratana MP Eruera Tirikatene. In 1936, he joined the Labour Party as the Ratana Movement and Labour formed a political alliance. He was re-elected in 1938 and 1943.^[2]

In his maiden speech in October 1937, Toko Ratana raised the principal political issue of Ratana – land grievances and the Treaty of Waitangi. He was to speak in the house only four more times. As the designated leader of the Ratana spiritual movement, the debates were left to Tirikatene and the other Ratana members. H. T. Ratana was frequently ill, and spent long periods in hospital.

War efforts

During the Second World War, Toko Ratana was opposed to conscription but wished to have a home guard manned by Māori to defend their lands. As Kai-Arahi or leader of the Ratana Church, he made a public declaration of the church's support for the war, and supported Māori control over Māori contributions to the war.

Death

Haami Tokouru Ratana died on 30 October 1944 after months of illness. He was succeeded both as MP for Western Maori and Ratana Church President by his younger brother, Matiu Rātana.

Notes

^ Ballara, Angela (1 September 2010). "'Ratana, Haami Tokouru – Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
^ Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand parliamentary record, 1840–1984 (4 ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

References

Henderson, James Mcleod (1963). Ratana The Man, The Church, The Movement (1st ed.) A.H & A.W. Reed Ltd ISBN 0-589-00619-3.

New Zealand Parliament
Preceded by Taite Te Tomo	Member of Parliament for Western Maori 1935–1944	Succeeded by Matiu Rātana

[DNZB_Toko_Ratana-1] Ballara, Angela (1 September 2010). "'Ratana, Haami Tokouru – Biography". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Retrieved 6 December 2010.

[Wilson-2] Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand parliamentary record, 1840–1984 (4 ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|New Zealand politician and Rātana president (1894–1944)}}
-{{Infobox Person
+{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
-| image=
+{{Use New Zealand English|date=August 2014}}
-| name=Haami Tokouru Ratana
+{{Infobox officeholder
-| caption=
+| image            = Toko Ratana.jpg
-| birth_date= 21 July 1894
+| name             = Toko Ratana
-| birth_place=Parewanui, New Zealand
+| caption          = Ratana in 1935
-| death_date=30 October 1944
+| constituency_MP2 = [[Western Maori]]
-| death_place=Ratana Pa, New Zealand}}
+| parliament2      = New Zealand
+| majority2        =
+| term_start2      = [[1935 New Zealand general election|1935]]
+| term_end2        = 1944
+| predecessor2     = [[Taite Te Tomo]]
+| successor2       = [[Matiu Rātana]]
+| party            = [[Rātana]] (1922–36)<br>[[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour]] (1936–44)
+| birth_name       = Haami Tokouru Ratana
+| birth_date       = 21 July 1894
+| birth_place      = Parewanui, New Zealand
+| death_date       = {{death date and age|1944|10|30|1894|7|21|df=y}}
+| death_place      = Ratana Pa, New Zealand
+}}
-'''Haami Tokouru (Toko) Ratana''' (21 July 1894 – 30 October 1944) is a former [[New Zealand]] politician and President of the [[Ratana]] Church. He joined  Eruera Tirikatene in Parliament as the second Ratana Independent Member of Parliament (MP), elected for the [[Western Maori]] electorate in  1935. Following the death of his father [[T. W. Ratana|Tahupotiki Wiremu Ratana]] in 1939, H.T Ratana became the second Ratana movement President. He held both positions until his death in 1944.
+'''Haami Tokouru Ratana''' (21 July 1894 – 30 October 1944) was a New Zealand politician and president of the [[Te Haahi Ratana|Rātana Church]]. He joined Eruera Tirikatene in parliament as the second Rātana Independent Member of Parliament (MP), elected for the [[Western Maori]] electorate in 1935. Following the death of his father [[T. W. Ratana|Tahupotiki Wiremu Ratana]] in 1939, Toko Ratana became the second Ratana movement president. He held both positions until his death in 1944.
 == Early life ==
-Eldest son of the founder of the Ratana Church, Toko Ratana was educated at Whangaehu school and was bilingual in English and Maori. After enlisting in the [[New Zealand Pioneer Battalion]] during World War I, he served in Gallipoli and later in France, where he suffered the effects of a gas attack. This caused him ill health for the rest of his life.<ref name="DNZB Toko Ratana">{{cite web | url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/4r6/1 | title= 'Ratana, Haami Tokouru - Biography | last= Ballara | first= Angela | date= updated 1 September 2010 |publisher= [[Dictionary of New Zealand Biography]] | accessdate= 6 December 2010}}</ref>
+Eldest son of the founder of the Ratana Church, Toko Ratana was educated at [[Whangaehu School]] and was bilingual in English and Māori. After enlisting in the [[New Zealand (Māori) Pioneer Battalion|New Zealand Pioneer Battalion]] during World War I, he served in [[Gallipoli campaign|Gallipoli]] and later in France, where he suffered the effects of a gas attack. This caused him ill health for the rest of his life.<ref name="DNZB Toko Ratana">{{cite web | url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/4r6/1 | title= 'Ratana, Haami Tokouru – Biography | last= Ballara | first= Angela | date= 1 September 2010 |publisher= [[Dictionary of New Zealand Biography]] | access-date= 6 December 2010}}</ref>
 == Political career ==
+{{NZ parlbox header
-H. T. Ratana unsuccessfully  stood for [[Parliament of New Zealand|Parliament]] as an independent candidate for the Western Maori seat against [[Maui Pomare]] in 1922. As a Ratana Independent candidate and one of the 'first cut of the body of the mangai', he stood against Pomare again in 1928, and against [[Taite Te Tomo]] in 1931. He was elected in 1935, joining fellow Ratana MP [[Eruera Tirikatene]]. In 1936, he joined the [[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour Party]] as the Ratana Movement and Labour formed a political alliance. He was re-elected in 1938 and 1943.<ref name="Wilson">{{cite book |last= Wilson |first= James Oakley |title= New Zealand parliamentary record, 1840-1984 |accessdate= 6 December 2010 |edition= 4 |origyear= First ed. published 1913 |year= 1985 |publisher= V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer |location= Wellington |isbn= |oclc= 154283103 |page= |pages= }}</ref>
+ |nolist=true
+ |align=left
+}}
+{{NZ parlbox
+ |term=25th
+ |start={{NZ election link year|1935}}
+ |end=1936
+ |party=Ratana
+ |electorate=[[Western Maori]]
+}}
+{{NZ parlbox allegiance
+ |start=1936
+ |end=1938
+ |party=New Zealand Labour Party
+}}
+{{NZ parlbox
+ |term=26th
+ |start={{NZ election link year|1938}}
+ |end=1943
+ |party=New Zealand Labour Party
+ |electorate=Western Maori
+}}
+{{NZ parlbox
+ |term=27th
+ |start={{NZ election link year|1943}}
+ |end=1944
+ |party=New Zealand Labour Party
+ |electorate=Western Maori
+}}
+{{NZ parlbox footer}}
+Toko Ratana stood unsuccessfully for [[New Zealand Parliament|parliament]] multiple times. First as an independent candidate for the [[Western Maori|Western Maori seat]] against [[Maui Pomare]] in 1922. As a Ratana Independent candidate and one of the "first cut of the body of the mangai", he stood against Pomare again in 1928, against [[Taite Te Tomo]] in the [[1930 Western Maori by-election|1930 by-election]] after Pomare’s death and again in the 1931 general election.
+He was elected in 1935, joining fellow Ratana MP [[Eruera Tirikatene]]. In 1936, he joined the [[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour Party]] as the Ratana Movement and Labour formed a political alliance. He was re-elected in 1938 and 1943.<ref name="Wilson">{{cite book |last= Wilson |first= James Oakley |title= New Zealand parliamentary record, 1840–1984 |edition= 4 |orig-year= First ed. published 1913 |year= 1985 |publisher= V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer |location= Wellington |oclc= 154283103 }}</ref>
-In his maiden speech in October 1937, Toko Ratana raised the principal political issue of Ratana - land grievances and the Treaty of Waitangi. He was to speak in the House only four more times. As the designated leader of the Ratana spiritual movement, the debates were left to Tirikatene and the other Ratana members. H.T. Ratana was frequently ill, and spent long periods in hospital.
+In his maiden speech in October 1937, Toko Ratana raised the principal political issue of Ratana – land grievances and the [[Treaty of Waitangi]]. He was to speak in the house only four more times. As the designated leader of the Ratana spiritual movement, the debates were left to Tirikatene and the other Ratana members. H. T. Ratana was frequently ill, and spent long periods in hospital.
 == War efforts ==
-During the Second World War, Toko Ratana was opposed to conscription but wished to have a home guard manned by Maori to defend their lands. As  Kai-Arahi or leader of the Ratana Church, he made a public declaration of the church's support for the war, and supported Maori control over Maori contributions to the war.
+During the Second World War, Toko Ratana was opposed to conscription but wished to have a home guard manned by Māori to defend their lands. As Kai-Arahi or leader of the Ratana Church, he made a public declaration of the church's support for the war, and supported Māori control over Māori contributions to the war.
-== Early death ==
+== Death ==
-Haami Tokouru Ratana died on 30 October 1944 after months of illness. He was succeeded both as MP for Western Maori and Ratana Church President by his younger brother, [[Matiu Ratana]].
+Haami Tokouru Ratana died on 30 October 1944 after months of illness. He was succeeded both as MP for Western Maori and Ratana Church President by his younger brother, [[Matiu Rātana]].
-== References ==
+== Notes ==
 {{Reflist}}
-* Henderson, James Mcleod (1963). ''Ratana The Man, The Church, The Movement'' (1st ed.) A.H & A.W. Reed Ltd ISBN 0-589-00619-3.
+== References ==
+{{commons category}}
+* Henderson, James Mcleod (1963). ''Ratana The Man, The Church, The Movement'' (1st ed.) A.H & A.W. Reed Ltd {{ISBN|0-589-00619-3}}.
 {{s-start}}
 {{s-par | nz}}
 {{s-bef | before = [[Taite Te Tomo]]}}
-{{s-ttl | title = [[Western Maori|Member of Parliament for Western Maori]] | years = 1935&ndash;1944 }}
+{{s-ttl | title = [[Western Maori|Member of Parliament for Western Maori]] | years = 1935–1944 }}
-{{s-aft | after= [[Matiu Ratana]] }}
+{{s-aft | after= [[Matiu Rātana]] }}
 {{end}}
-{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
-| NAME              = Ratana, Haami Tokouru
-| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
-| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
-| DATE OF BIRTH     = 21 July 1894
-| PLACE OF BIRTH    = Parewanui, New Zealand
-| DATE OF DEATH     = 30 October 1944
-| PLACE OF DEATH    = Ratana Pa, New Zealand
-}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Ratana, Haami Tokouru}}
 [[Category:1894 births]]
@@ Line 52: / Line 92: @@
 [[Category:Rātana MPs]]
 [[Category:New Zealand Army personnel]]
-[[Category:New Zealand Rātanas]]
 [[Category:New Zealand MPs for Māori electorates]]
+[[Category:Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives]]
+[[Category:Unsuccessful candidates in the 1922 New Zealand general election]]
+[[Category:Unsuccessful candidates in the 1928 New Zealand general election]]
+[[Category:Unsuccessful candidates in the 1931 New Zealand general election]]