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Kushiro Province (釧路国, Kushiro no kuni) was a short-lived province in Hokkaidō. It corresponded to modern-day Kushiro Subprefecture and part of Abashiri Subprefecture.

History

After 1869, the northern Japanese island became known as Hokkaido;^[1] and regional administrative subdivisions were identified, including Kushiro Province.^[2]

In 1882, the Hokkaido region was separated into three prefectures — Hakodate Prefecture (函館県), Sapporo Prefecture (札幌県), and Nemuro Prefecture (根室県). In 1886, the three prefectures were abolished, and Hokkaido was put under the Hokkaido Agency (北海道庁).^[3] At the same time, Kushiro Province continued to exist for some purposes. For example, Kushiro is explicitly recognized in treaties in 1894 (a) between Japan and the United States and (b) between Japan and the United Kingdom.^[4]

Timeline

1869—use of the name Hokkaido started^[1]
August 15, 1869 Kushiro Province established with 7 districts
1872 Census finds a population of 1,734
July 1881 Abashiri District (網尻郡) incorporated for Abashiri District (網走郡), Kitami Province
1882—prefectures established^[3]
1886—Hokkaido Agency established^[3]
1947—Hokkaido Prefecture established^[3]

Districts

Shiranuka (白糠郡)
Ashoro (足寄郡)
Kushiro (釧路郡)
Akan (阿寒郡)
Abashiri (網尻郡)
Kawakami (川上郡)
Akkeshi (厚岸郡)

Notes

^ ^a ^b Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Hokkaido," Japan Encyclopedia, p. 343.
^ Satow, Ernest. (1882). "The Geography of Japan" in Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, Vols. 1-2, p. 88., p. 33, at Google Books
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Hokkaido Regional Development Bureau, "History of Development in Hokkaido," Archived 2013-01-05 at the Wayback Machine; retrieved 2013-3-22.
^ US Department of State. (1906). A digest of international law as embodied in diplomatic discussions, treaties and other international agreements (John Bassett Moore, ed.), Vol. 5, p. 759.

References

Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
Papinot, Edmond. (1910). Historical and Geographic Dictionary of Japan. Tokyo: Librarie Sansaisha. OCLC 77691250

This Hokkaidō location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[nussbaum343-1] Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Hokkaido," Japan Encyclopedia, p. 343.

[2] Satow, Ernest. (1882). "The Geography of Japan" in Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, Vols. 1-2, p. 88., p. 33, at Google Books

[bureau-3] Hokkaido Regional Development Bureau, "History of Development in Hokkaido," Archived 2013-01-05 at the Wayback Machine; retrieved 2013-3-22.

[4] US Department of State. (1906). A digest of international law as embodied in diplomatic discussions, treaties and other international agreements (John Bassett Moore, ed.), Vol. 5, p. 759.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Former province of Japan}}
-[[Image:Japan_prov_map_Kushiro..GIF|thumb|Location of Kushiro Province about 1869]]
+[[Image:Japan prov map Kushiro..GIF|thumb|Location of Kushiro Province about 1869]]
-{{nihongo|'''Kushiro Province'''|釧路国|Kushiro-no kuni}} was a short-lived [[Provinces of Japan|province]] in [[Hokkaidō]].  It corresponded to modern-day [[Kushiro Subprefecture]] and part of [[Abashiri Subprefecture]].
+{{nihongo|'''Kushiro Province'''|釧路国|Kushiro no kuni}} was a short-lived [[Provinces of Japan|province]] in [[Hokkaidō]].  It corresponded to modern-day [[Kushiro Subprefecture]] and part of [[Abashiri Subprefecture]].
 ==History==
-After 1869, the northern Japanese island was known as Hokkaido;<ref name="nussbaum343">[[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]]. (2005). [http://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA343#v=onepage&q&f=false  "Hokkaido,"] ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 343.</ref> and regional administrative subdivisions were identified, including Kushiro Province.<ref>[[Ernest Satow|Satow, Ernest]]. (1882). "The Geography of Japan" in {{Google books|gGYYAAAAYAAJ|''Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, Vols. 1-2, p. 88.|page=33}}</ref>
+After 1869, the northern Japanese island became known as Hokkaido;<ref name="nussbaum343">[[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]]. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA343  "Hokkaido,"] ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 343.</ref> and regional administrative subdivisions were identified, including Kushiro Province.<ref>[[Ernest Satow|Satow, Ernest]]. (1882). "The Geography of Japan" in {{Google books|gGYYAAAAYAAJ|Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, Vols. 1-2, p. 88.|page=33}}</ref>
-In 1882, the [[Hokkaido region]] was separated into three prefectures &mdash; {{Nihongo|[[Hakodate Prefecture]]|函館県||}}, {{Nihongo|[[Sapporo Prefecture]]|札幌県||}}, and {{Nihongo|[[Nemuro Prefecture]]|根室県||}}. In 1886, the three prefectures were abolished, and Hokkaido was put under the {{Nihongo|Hokkaido Agency|北海道庁||}}.<ref name="bureau">Hokkaido Regional Development Bureau, [http://www.hkd.mlit.go.jp/eng/02.html  "History of Development in Hokkaido,"]; retrieved 2013-3-22.</ref>  At the same time, Kushiro Province continued to exist for some purposes.  For example, Kushiro is explicitly recognized in treaties in 1894 (a) between Japan and the [[United States]] and (b) between Japan and the [[United Kingdom]].<ref>US Department of State. (1906). [http://books.google.com/books?id=dKCOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA759&dq=  ''A digest of international law as embodied in diplomatic discussions, treaties and other international agreements'' (John Bassett Moore, ed.), Vol. 5, p. 759].</ref>
+In 1882, the [[Hokkaido region]] was separated into three prefectures &mdash; {{Nihongo|[[Hakodate Prefecture]]|函館県||}}, {{Nihongo|[[Sapporo Prefecture]]|札幌県||}}, and {{Nihongo|[[Nemuro Prefecture]]|根室県||}}. In 1886, the three prefectures were abolished, and Hokkaido was put under the {{Nihongo|Hokkaido Agency|北海道庁||}}.<ref name="bureau">Hokkaido Regional Development Bureau, [http://www.hkd.mlit.go.jp/eng/02.html  "History of Development in Hokkaido,"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105113230/http://www.hkd.mlit.go.jp/eng/02.html |date=2013-01-05 }}; retrieved 2013-3-22.</ref>  At the same time, Kushiro Province continued to exist for some purposes.  For example, Kushiro is explicitly recognized in treaties in 1894 (a) between Japan and the [[United States]] and (b) between Japan and the [[United Kingdom]].<ref>US Department of State. (1906). [https://books.google.com/books?id=dKCOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA759  ''A digest of international law as embodied in diplomatic discussions, treaties and other international agreements'' (John Bassett Moore, ed.), Vol. 5, p. 759].</ref>
 ===Timeline===
-*1869 --  use of the name Hokkaido started<ref name="nussbaum343"/>
+*1869—use of the name Hokkaido started<ref name="nussbaum343"/>
 *August 15, 1869 Kushiro Province established with 7 [[Districts of Japan|districts]]
 *1872 Census finds a population of 1,734
 * July 1881 Abashiri District (網尻郡) incorporated for [[Abashiri District, Hokkaidō|Abashiri District]] (網走郡), [[Kitami Province]]
-* 1882 -- prefectures established<ref name="bureau"/>
+* 1882—prefectures established<ref name="bureau"/>
-* 1886 -- Hokkaido Agency established<ref name="bureau"/>
+* 1886—Hokkaido Agency established<ref name="bureau"/>
-* 1947 -- Hokkaido Prefecture established<ref name="bureau"/>
+* 1947—Hokkaido Prefecture established<ref name="bureau"/>
 ==Districts==
@@ Line 30: / Line 31: @@
 ==References==
-* [[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]] and Käthe Roth. (2005). [http://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&client=firefox-a  ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. 10-ISBN 0-674-01753-6; 13-ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition  OCLC 58053128]
+* [[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]] and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC  ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition  OCLC 58053128]
-* [[Edmond Papinot|Papinot, Edmond]]. (1910). ''Historical and Geographic Dictionary of Japan.'' Tokyo: Librarie Sansaisha. [http://www.worldcat.org/title/historical-and-geographical-dictionary-of-japan/oclc/77691250?referer=br&ht=edition OCLC 77691250]
+* [[Edmond Papinot|Papinot, Edmond]]. (1910). ''Historical and Geographic Dictionary of Japan.'' Tokyo: Librarie Sansaisha. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/77691250 OCLC 77691250]
 {{Japan Old Province}}
 [[Category:States and territories established in 1869]]
-[[Category:1882 disestablishments]]
+[[Category:1882 disestablishments in Japan]]
 [[Category:Former provinces of Japan]]
+[[Category:1869 establishments in Japan]]
 {{Hokkaido-geo-stub}}

v t e Former provinces of Japan (List)
Kinai	Izumi Kawachi Settsu Yamashiro Yamato Yoshino 716–738
Tōkaidō	Awa Hitachi Iga Ise Izu Kai Kazusa Mikawa Musashi Owari Sagami Shima Shimōsa Suruga Tōtōmi
Tōsandō	Dewa -1869 Hida Iwaki 718–724 Iwaki 1869– Iwase 718–724 Iwashiro 1869– Kōzuke Mino Ōmi Mutsu –1869 Rikuō (or Mutsu) 1869– Rikuchū 1869– Rikuzen 1869– Shimotsuke Shinano Suwa 721–731 Ugo 1869– Uzen 1869–
Hokurikudō	Echigo Echizen Etchū Kaga Noto Sado Wakasa
San'indō	Hōki Inaba Izumo Iwami Oki Tajima Tanba Tango
San'yōdō	Aki Bingo Bitchū Bizen Harima Mimasaka Nagato Suō
Nankaidō	Awa Awaji Iyo Kii Sanuki Tosa
Saikaidō	Bungo Buzen Chikugo Chikuzen Higo Hizen Hyūga Iki Ōsumi Satsuma Tane 702–824 Tsushima
Hokkaidō 1869–	Chishima Hidaka Iburi Ishikari Kitami Kushiro Nemuro Oshima Shiribeshi Teshio Tokachi
Pre-Taihō Code provinces	Chichibu Fusa Hi Keno Kibi Koshi Kumaso Toyo Tsukushi
Source: Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Provinces and prefectures" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 780, p. 780, at Google Books; excerpt, "Japan's former provinces were converted into prefectures by the Meiji government ... [and] grouped, according to geographic position, into the 'five provinces of the Kinai' and 'seven circuits'."