Peer-to-peer carsharing: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Private car owners sharing or renting their vehicles temporarily to others}} |
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{{About|Peer-to-peer carsharing||Peer-to-peer (disambiguation)}} |
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{{about|owners sharing cars to other drivers|passengers hiring vehicles with drivers|vehicle for hire}} |
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'''Peer-to-peer carsharing''' (also known as '''person-to-person carsharing''' and '''peer-to-peer car rental''') is the process whereby existing car owners make their vehicles available for others to rent for short periods of time. |
'''Peer-to-peer carsharing''' (also known as '''person-to-person carsharing''' and '''peer-to-peer car rental''') is the process whereby existing car owners make their vehicles available for others to rent for short periods of time. |
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==The concept== |
==The concept== |
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Peer-to-peer [[carsharing]] is a form of [[person-to-person lending]] or [[collaborative consumption]], as part of the [[sharing economy]]. The business model is closely aligned with traditional car clubs such as [[Streetcar (carsharing)|Streetcar]] or [[Zipcar]] (est. in 2000),<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=raJ5AAAAQBAJ&pg=PT191|title=Making in America: From Innovation to Market|last=Berger|first=Suzanne|page=191|publisher=MIT Press|year=2013|isbn=9780262019910|via=Google Books}}</ref> but replaces a typical fleet with a ‘virtual’ fleet made up of vehicles from participating owners.<ref name=yale>{{cite web|url=https://som.yale.edu/news/news/online-rental-markets-are-thriving|title=Online Rental Markets Are Thriving|publisher=[[Yale School of Management]]|date=December 8, 2010| |
Peer-to-peer [[carsharing]] is a form of [[person-to-person lending]] or [[collaborative consumption]], as part of the [[sharing economy]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tHe7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA102|title=The Sharing Economy and the Relevance for Transport|page=102|editor-last=Fishman|editor-first=Elliot|publisher=Academic Press|year=2019|isbn=978-0-12-816210-1|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> The business model is closely aligned with traditional car clubs such as [[Streetcar (carsharing)|Streetcar]] or [[Zipcar]] (est. in 2000),<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=raJ5AAAAQBAJ&pg=PT191|title=Making in America: From Innovation to Market|last=Berger|first=Suzanne|page=191|publisher=MIT Press|year=2013|isbn=9780262019910|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> but replaces a typical fleet with a ‘virtual’ fleet made up of vehicles from participating owners.<ref name=yale>{{cite web|url=https://som.yale.edu/news/news/online-rental-markets-are-thriving|title=Online Rental Markets Are Thriving|publisher=[[Yale School of Management]]|date=December 8, 2010|access-date=July 19, 2019}}</ref> With peer-to-peer carsharing, participating car owners are able to charge a fee to rent out their vehicles when they are not using them (cars are driven only 8% percent of the time on average).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ilyapozin/2012/07/19/10-greatest-industry-disrupting-startups-of-2012/|title=10 Greatest Industry-Disrupting Startups of 2012|last=Pozin|first=Ilya|work=[[Forbes]]|date=July 19, 2012|access-date=July 19, 2019}}</ref> |
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Participating renters can access nearby and affordable vehicles and pay only for the time they need to use them.<ref>{{cite book|url=https:// |
Participating renters can access nearby and affordable vehicles and pay only for the time they need to use them.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/meshwhyfutureofb00gans|url-access=registration|title=The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing|last=Gansky|first=Lisa|publisher=Penguin|year=2010|page=[https://archive.org/details/meshwhyfutureofb00gans/page/146 146]|isbn=9781101464618|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=twKF_sjVIe4C&pg=PA5|title=The Rise of Collaborative Consumption on the Example of Couchsurfing|last=Karmann|first=Markus|page=5|publisher=GRIN Verlag|year=2011|isbn=9783656189190|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> In 2011, an American research company [[Frost & Sullivan]] calculated that an average [[Getaround]] renter saved over $1,800 per year by using a car-sharing service over owning a car for the same number of miles driven.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/getaround-connects-car-owners-and-renters-with-p2p-marketplace-2011-6|title=GetAround Connects Car Owners And Renters With P2P Marketplace|publisher=[[Business Insider]]|date=June 7, 2011|access-date=July 19, 2019}}</ref> In 2014, the [[United States House Committee on Small Business]] stated that “buyers pay less than they would without the service, and sellers earn more--if only because they often would not be able to bring their service to market without the peer-to-peer platform.”<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-113hhrg86266/html/CHRG-113hhrg86266.htm|title=The Power of Connection: Peer-to-peer Businesses|date=January 15, 2014|publisher=[[United States House Committee on Small Business]]|access-date=July 19, 2019}}</ref> |
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Businesses within this sector screen participants (both owners and renters) and offer a technical platform, usually in the form of a website and mobile app, that brings these parties together, manages rental bookings and collects payment. Businesses take between 25% and 40% of the total income, which covers borrower/renter insurance, operating expenses, and roadside assistance.<ref name=yale /> |
Businesses within this sector screen participants (both owners and renters) and offer a technical platform, usually in the form of a website and [[mobile app]], that brings these parties together, manages rental bookings and collects payment.<ref name=chicago2018 /> Businesses take between 25% and 40% of the total income, which covers borrower/renter insurance, operating expenses, and roadside assistance.<ref name=yale /> In return they provide roadside assistance, customer service and vets renters with DMV checks.<ref name=chicago2018>{{cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/autos/sc-auto-cover-0830-car-sharing-overview-20180827-story.html|title=With carsharing, your car can make – instead of cost – you money|last=Duffer|first=Robert|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=August 29, 2018|access-date=November 6, 2019}}</ref> |
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As with person-to-person lending, the Internet and the adoption of [[location-based service]]s as well as the spread of mobile technology have contributed to the growth of peer-to-peer carsharing.<ref name=word>{{cite book|url=https:// |
As with person-to-person lending, the Internet and the adoption of [[location-based service]]s as well as the spread of mobile technology have contributed to the growth of peer-to-peer carsharing.<ref name=word>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/wordofmouse101tr0000ostr|url-access=registration|title=Word of Mouse: 101+ Trends in How We Buy, Sell, Live, Learn, Work, and Play|last=Ostrofsky|first=Marc|page=[https://archive.org/details/wordofmouse101tr0000ostr/page/113 113]|publisher=Simon and Schuster|year=2013|isbn=9781451668421|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Also, [[millennials]] are less attracted to car ownership as previous generations.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.foxbusiness.com/small-business/dont-want-to-own-a-car-rent-your-neighbors|title=Don't want to buy a car? Rent your neighbor's|last=Bell|first=Linda|publisher=[[Fox Business]]|date=May 11, 2019|access-date=November 6, 2019}}</ref> |
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==Enabling legislation== |
==Enabling legislation== |
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Although many personal auto insurers in the U.S. exclude coverage for commercial use of insured vehicles either through a livery and public transportation exclusion or a specific "personal vehicle sharing program" exclusion,<ref>[http://www.irmi.com/online/prmi/ch006/1l06j000/al6j1400.aspx International Risk Management Institute - Personal Vehicle Sharing Program Exclusion Endorsement]</ref> In 2011, California was the first U.S. state to pass Assembly Bill 1871, which allowed private car sharing.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.austinchronicle.com/news/2013-03-15/sidecar-to-city-have-app-will-travel-to-court/|title=SideCar to City: Have App, Will Travel ... to Court|last=Whittaker|first=Richard|publisher=[[The Austin Chronicle]]|date=March 15, 2013| |
Although many personal auto insurers in the U.S. exclude coverage for commercial use of insured vehicles either through a livery and public transportation exclusion or a specific "personal vehicle sharing program" exclusion,<ref>[http://www.irmi.com/online/prmi/ch006/1l06j000/al6j1400.aspx International Risk Management Institute - Personal Vehicle Sharing Program Exclusion Endorsement]</ref> In 2011, California was the first U.S. state to pass Assembly Bill 1871, which allowed private car sharing.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.austinchronicle.com/news/2013-03-15/sidecar-to-city-have-app-will-travel-to-court/|title=SideCar to City: Have App, Will Travel ... to Court|last=Whittaker|first=Richard|publisher=[[The Austin Chronicle]]|date=March 15, 2013|access-date=July 19, 2019}}</ref> Several other states in the U.S. have passed legislation allowing individuals to share their cars without risk of losing their personal car insurance. These include California, Oregon,<ref>{{cite web |title=Oregon House Paves Road for Peer-to-Peer Car Sharing |url=https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/housedemocrats/Documents/hdo_032111.pdf |access-date=July 19, 2019 |website=www.oregonlegislature.gov}}</ref> Washington, Maryland,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/christopherelliott/2018/10/13/the-war-between-car-sharing-and-rental-companies-just-escalated-heres-why-you-should-care/|title=The War Between Car Sharing And Rental Companies Just Escalated. Here's Why You Should Care|last=Elliott|first=Christopher|work=[[Forbes]]|date=October 13, 2018|access-date=July 19, 2019}}</ref> and Colorado.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://leg.colorado.gov/bills/sb19-090|title=Peer-to-peer Motor Vehicle Sharing Program|publisher=[[Colorado General Assembly]]|date=May 30, 2019|access-date=November 6, 2019}}</ref> |
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==Prohibitions== |
==Prohibitions== |
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==Ecological impact== |
==Ecological impact== |
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| ⚫ | Peer-to-peer car sharing has the potential to reduce the number of vehicles on the road and lower pollution levels.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8TZWAAAAMAAJ|journal=Solar Today|page=77|title=Solar Today|publisher=[[American Solar Energy Society]]|year=2002|via=Google Books}}</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Peer-to-peer car sharing has the potential to reduce the number of vehicles on the road and lower pollution levels.<ref>{{cite |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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[[Category:Carsharing]] |
[[Category:Carsharing]] |
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[[Category:Peer-to-peer]] |
[[Category:Peer-to-peer]] |
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[[Category:Sustainable transport]] |
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Latest revision as of 22:05, 30 March 2024
Peer-to-peer carsharing (also known as person-to-person carsharing and peer-to-peer car rental) is the process whereby existing car owners make their vehicles available for others to rent for short periods of time.
The concept
[edit]Peer-to-peer carsharing is a form of person-to-person lending or collaborative consumption, as part of the sharing economy.[1] The business model is closely aligned with traditional car clubs such as Streetcar or Zipcar (est. in 2000),[2] but replaces a typical fleet with a ‘virtual’ fleet made up of vehicles from participating owners.[3] With peer-to-peer carsharing, participating car owners are able to charge a fee to rent out their vehicles when they are not using them (cars are driven only 8% percent of the time on average).[4]
Participating renters can access nearby and affordable vehicles and pay only for the time they need to use them.[5][6] In 2011, an American research company Frost & Sullivan calculated that an average Getaround renter saved over $1,800 per year by using a car-sharing service over owning a car for the same number of miles driven.[7] In 2014, the United States House Committee on Small Business stated that “buyers pay less than they would without the service, and sellers earn more--if only because they often would not be able to bring their service to market without the peer-to-peer platform.”[8]
Businesses within this sector screen participants (both owners and renters) and offer a technical platform, usually in the form of a website and mobile app, that brings these parties together, manages rental bookings and collects payment.[9] Businesses take between 25% and 40% of the total income, which covers borrower/renter insurance, operating expenses, and roadside assistance.[3] In return they provide roadside assistance, customer service and vets renters with DMV checks.[9]
As with person-to-person lending, the Internet and the adoption of location-based services as well as the spread of mobile technology have contributed to the growth of peer-to-peer carsharing.[10] Also, millennials are less attracted to car ownership as previous generations.[11]
Enabling legislation
[edit]Although many personal auto insurers in the U.S. exclude coverage for commercial use of insured vehicles either through a livery and public transportation exclusion or a specific "personal vehicle sharing program" exclusion,[12] In 2011, California was the first U.S. state to pass Assembly Bill 1871, which allowed private car sharing.[13] Several other states in the U.S. have passed legislation allowing individuals to share their cars without risk of losing their personal car insurance. These include California, Oregon,[14] Washington, Maryland,[15] and Colorado.[16]
Prohibitions
[edit]In the U.S., New York is the only state that does not allow peer-to-peer car rental because the owner cannot exclude him or herself from liability to a renter.[citation needed]
Ecological impact
[edit]Peer-to-peer car sharing has the potential to reduce the number of vehicles on the road and lower pollution levels.[17]
See also
[edit]Notes and references
[edit]- ^ Fishman, Elliot, ed. (2019). The Sharing Economy and the Relevance for Transport. Academic Press. p. 102. ISBN 978-0-12-816210-1 – via Google Books.
- ^ Berger, Suzanne (2013). Making in America: From Innovation to Market. MIT Press. p. 191. ISBN 9780262019910 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b "Online Rental Markets Are Thriving". Yale School of Management. December 8, 2010. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
- ^ Pozin, Ilya (July 19, 2012). "10 Greatest Industry-Disrupting Startups of 2012". Forbes. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
- ^ Gansky, Lisa (2010). The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Penguin. p. 146. ISBN 9781101464618 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Karmann, Markus (2011). The Rise of Collaborative Consumption on the Example of Couchsurfing. GRIN Verlag. p. 5. ISBN 9783656189190 – via Google Books.
- ^ "GetAround Connects Car Owners And Renters With P2P Marketplace". Business Insider. June 7, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
- ^ "The Power of Connection: Peer-to-peer Businesses". United States House Committee on Small Business. January 15, 2014. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
- ^ a b Duffer, Robert (August 29, 2018). "With carsharing, your car can make – instead of cost – you money". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- ^ Ostrofsky, Marc (2013). Word of Mouse: 101+ Trends in How We Buy, Sell, Live, Learn, Work, and Play. Simon and Schuster. p. 113. ISBN 9781451668421 – via Internet Archive.
- ^ Bell, Linda (May 11, 2019). "Don't want to buy a car? Rent your neighbor's". Fox Business. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- ^ International Risk Management Institute - Personal Vehicle Sharing Program Exclusion Endorsement
- ^ Whittaker, Richard (March 15, 2013). "SideCar to City: Have App, Will Travel ... to Court". The Austin Chronicle. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
- ^ "Oregon House Paves Road for Peer-to-Peer Car Sharing" (PDF). www.oregonlegislature.gov. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
- ^ Elliott, Christopher (October 13, 2018). "The War Between Car Sharing And Rental Companies Just Escalated. Here's Why You Should Care". Forbes. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
- ^ "Peer-to-peer Motor Vehicle Sharing Program". Colorado General Assembly. May 30, 2019. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
- ^ "Solar Today". Solar Today. American Solar Energy Society: 77. 2002 – via Google Books.