917: Difference between revisions

917 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	917; CMXVII
Ab urbe condita	1670
Armenian calendar	366; ԹՎ ՅԿԶ
Assyrian calendar	5667
Balinese saka calendar	838–839
Bengali calendar	324
Berber calendar	1867
Buddhist calendar	1461
Burmese calendar	279
Byzantine calendar	6425–6426
Chinese calendar	丙子年 (Fire Rat); 3614 or 3407; — to —; 丁丑年 (Fire Ox); 3615 or 3408
Coptic calendar	633–634
Discordian calendar	2083
Ethiopian calendar	909–910
Hebrew calendar	4677–4678
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	973–974
- Shaka Samvat	838–839
- Kali Yuga	4017–4018
Holocene calendar	10917
Iranian calendar	295–296
Islamic calendar	304–305
Japanese calendar	Engi 17; (延喜１７年)
Javanese calendar	816–817
Julian calendar	917; CMXVII
Korean calendar	3250
Minguo calendar	995 before ROC; 民前995年
Nanakshahi calendar	−551
Seleucid era	1228/1229 AG
Thai solar calendar	1459–1460
Tibetan calendar	阳火鼠年; (male Fire-Rat); 1043 or 662 or −110; — to —; 阴火牛年; (female Fire-Ox); 1044 or 663 or −109

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	9th century; 10th century ; 11th century;
Decades:	890s; 900s; 910s ; 920s; 930s;
Years:	914; 915; 916; 917 ; 918; 919; 920;

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Year 917 (CMXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

August 20 – Battle of Achelous: A Byzantine expeditionary force (62,000 men) under General Leo Phokas (the Elder) is routed by the Bulgarians at the Achelous River near the fortress of Anchialos (modern Pomorie) on the Black Sea coast. Phokas flees to Mesembria (modern Nesebar) and escapes by boarding a ship. Tsar Simeon I (the Great) becomes de facto ruler of the whole Balkan Peninsula, except the well-protected Byzantine capital of Constantinople and the Peloponnese.^[1]
Fall – Battle of Katasyrtai: The Bulgarian army under Simeon I marches southwards to Constantinople. Leo Phokas, who survived at Anchelous, gathers the last Byzantine troops to intercept the Bulgarians before they reach the capital. The two armies meet near the village of Katasyrtai, just outside Constantinople. After a surprise night attack, the Byzantines are completely routed from the battlefield.^[2]

Europe

Bulgarian–Serbian War: Simeon I sends a Bulgarian expeditionary force under Theodore Sigritsa and Marmais to Serbia. The two persuade Petar Gojniković, a Serbian prince who formed an anti-Bulgarian coalition, to meet for a peace agreement. They seize him and send the rebellious prince to the Bulgarian capital of Preslav, where he dies in prison. Simeon replaces Petar with Pavle Branović, a grandson of prince Mutimir, who lives in Preslav. Serbia becomes a puppet state until 921.^[3]
The Hungarians, after attacking Swabia, sack and burn Basel (modern Switzerland). They invade Lorraine in Lotharingia, destroying Verdun and Moyenmoutier, and many monasteries in Alsace. Duke Arnulf I (the Bad) with Hungarian military aid, reconquers his land from King Conrad I of the East Frankish Kingdom. After this event, Bavaria and Swabia agree to pay tribute to the Hungarians.
Battle of Confey: The Norse Vikings under Sigtrygg Caech defeat and kill King Augaire mac Ailella of Leinster in battle. Sigtrygg re-captures Dublin and establishes himself as king, while his kinsman Ragnall ua Ímair returns to England to become King of Northumbria.

Britain

Summer – Lady Æthelflæd of Mercia cements an alliance with King Constantine II of Scotland against Norse York. She captures the fortress at Derby (belonging to the Five Boroughs of the Danelaw), while her brother, King Edward the Elder, takes Towcester.^[4] Æthelflæd's armies also ravage Brycheiniog (Wales) in revenge for killing the Mercian abbot Ecbryht (see 916).
Battle of Tempsford: The English army led by Edward the Elder defeats the Danish Vikings at Tempsford. They storm the fortified burh and kill King Guthrum II of East Anglia, along with the Danish Jarls Toglos and Manna.

Islamic Empire

Battle of San Esteban de Gormaz: Umayyad forces under Abi-Abda besiege the repoblación of San Esteban de Gormaz (Northern Spain). King Ordoño II of León (supported by his brother Fruela II of Asturias) allies himself with Sancho I, king of Pamplona, and defeats the Moors. Abi-Abda is captured and executed by decapitation.

Asia

September 5 – The Great Yue Kingdom, later renamed Southern Han, is founded by Liu Yan, former governor and military advisor, in Panyu (modern Guangdong) and Guangxi. Liu Yan declares himself emperor, and gives his niece Liu Hua in marriage to Wang Yanjun, a son of his rival Wang Shenzhi (Prince of Min), to cement a relationship between the two states.

Births

September 20 – Kyunyeo, Korean poet (d. 973)
Ibn Battah al-Ukbari, Arab theologian (d. 997)
Kamo no Yasunori, Japanese spiritual advisor (d. 977)
Theophylactus, patriarch of Constantinople (d. 956)

Deaths

January 21 – Erchanger, East Frankish nobleman
August 5 – Euthymius I, patriarch of Constantinople
August 20 – Constantine Lips, Byzantine admiral
Al-'Abbas ibn 'Amr al-Ghanawi, Abbasid governor
Augaire mac Ailella, king of Leinster (Ireland)
Frederuna, West Frankish queen (b. 887)
Guthrum II, king of East Anglia (England)
Hasan al-Utrush, emir of Tabaristan (Iran)
Nicholas Picingli, Byzantine general
Petar Gojniković, Serbian prince
Radboud, archbishop of Utrecht
Sindeok, king of Silla (Korea)

References

^ Brain Todd Carey (2012). Road to Manzikert: Byzantine and Islamic Warfare 527–1071, pp. 78–81. ISBN 978-1-84884-215-1.
^ Lynda Garland (April 1, 2002). Byzantine Empresses: Woman and Power in Byzantium AD 527-1204. Routledge. p. 122. ISBN 9780203024812.
^ Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 150. ISBN 0-472-08149-7.
^ Walker, Ian W (2000). Mercia and the Making of England Sutton. ISBN 0-7509-2131-5.

[1] Brain Todd Carey (2012). Road to Manzikert: Byzantine and Islamic Warfare 527–1071, pp. 78–81. ISBN 978-1-84884-215-1.

[2] Lynda Garland (April 1, 2002). Byzantine Empresses: Woman and Power in Byzantium AD 527-1204. Routledge. p. 122. ISBN 9780203024812.

[3] Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1991) [1983]. The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 150. ISBN 0-472-08149-7.

[4] Walker, Ian W (2000). Mercia and the Making of England Sutton. ISBN 0-7509-2131-5.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{Year nav|917}}
 {{M1 year in topic}}
-[[File:Bulgarians defeat the Byzantines at Anchialos.jpg|{{Largethumb}}|right|The [[First Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarian]] victory at the [[Aheloy (river)|Achelous River]].]]
+[[File:Bulgarians defeat the Byzantines at Anchialos.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|The [[First Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarian]] victory at the [[Aheloy (river)|Achelous River]].]]
-[[File:Battle of Anchialos (917).svg|{{Largethumb}}|right|Map of the [[Battle of Achelous (917)|Battle of Achelous.]]]]
+[[File:Battle of Anchialos (917).svg|upright=1.35|thumb|Map of the [[Battle of Achelous (917)|Battle of Achelous.]]]]
 __NOTOC__
 Year '''917''' ('''[[Roman numerals|CMXVII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Wednesday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]].
@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 ==== Byzantine Empire ====
-* [[August 20]] &ndash; [[Battle of Achelous (917)|Battle of Achelous]]: A [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] expeditionary force (62,000 men) under General [[Leo Phokas the Elder|Leo Phokas]] ('''the Elder''') is routed by the [[First Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarians]] at the [[Aheloy (river)|Achelous River]] near the fortress of Anchialos (modern [[Pomorie]]) on the [[Black Sea]] coast. Phokas flees to Mesembria (modern [[Nesebar]]) and escapes by boarding a ship. Tsar [[Simeon I of Bulgaria|Simeon I]] ('''the Great''') becomes ''[[de facto]]'' ruler of the whole [[Balkans|Balkan Peninsula]], except the well-protected Byzantine capital of [[Constantinople]] and the [[Peloponnese]].<ref>Brain Todd Carey (2012). ''Road to Manzikert: Byzantine and Islamic Warfare 527–1071'', pp. 78–81. ISBN 978-1-84884-215-1.</ref>
+* [[August 20]] &ndash; [[Battle of Achelous (917)|Battle of Achelous]]: A [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] expeditionary force (62,000 men) under General [[Leo Phokas the Elder|Leo Phokas]] ('''the Elder''') is routed by the [[First Bulgarian Empire|Bulgarians]] at the [[Aheloy (river)|Achelous River]] near the fortress of Anchialos (modern [[Pomorie]]) on the [[Black Sea]] coast. Phokas flees to Mesembria (modern [[Nesebar]]) and escapes by boarding a ship. Tsar [[Simeon I of Bulgaria|Simeon I]] ('''the Great''') becomes ''[[de facto]]'' ruler of the whole [[Balkans|Balkan Peninsula]], except the well-protected Byzantine capital of [[Constantinople]] and the [[Peloponnese]].<ref>Brain Todd Carey (2012). ''Road to Manzikert: Byzantine and Islamic Warfare 527–1071'', pp. 78–81. {{ISBN|978-1-84884-215-1}}.</ref>
-* Fall &ndash; [[Battle of Katasyrtai]]: The Bulgarian army under Simeon I marching southwards to Constantinople. Leo Phokas, who survived at Anchelous, gathers the last Byzantine troops to intercept the Bulgarians before reaching the capital. The two armies meet near the village of Katasyrtai, just outside Constantinople, after a surprise night attack, the Byzantines are completely routed from the battlefield.<ref>{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=pt-PT&lr=&id=AEy280AH9KQC&oi=fnd&pg=PA109&dq=Katasyrtai&ots=pyaWpTIoP4&sig=vfw7ypBWZbooLhVNJDzJlO6m9qw#v=onepage&q=Katasyrtai&f=false|title = Byzantine Empresses: Woman and Power in Byzantium AD 527-1204| author = Lynda Garland| page = 122| publisher = Routledge| date = April 1, 2002}}</ref>
+* Fall &ndash; [[Battle of Katasyrtai]]: The Bulgarian army under Simeon I marches southwards to Constantinople. Leo Phokas, who survived at Anchelous, gathers the last Byzantine troops to intercept the Bulgarians before they reach the capital. The two armies meet near the village of Katasyrtai, just outside Constantinople. After a surprise night attack, the Byzantines are completely routed from the battlefield.<ref>{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=AEy280AH9KQC&q=Katasyrtai&pg=PA109|title = Byzantine Empresses: Woman and Power in Byzantium AD 527-1204| author = Lynda Garland| page = 122| publisher = Routledge| date = April 1, 2002|isbn = 9780203024812}}</ref>
 ==== Europe ====
-* [[Bulgarian–Serbian wars of 917–924#Wars|Bulgarian–Serbian War]]: Simeon I sends an Bulgarian expeditionary force under [[Theodore Sigritsa]] and [[Marmais]] to [[Principality of Serbia (medieval)|Serbia]]. The two persuade [[Petar of Serbia|Petar Gojniković]], a Serbian prince who formed a anti-Bulgarian coalition, to meet for a peace agreement. They seize him and send the rebellious prince to the Bulgarian capital of [[Veliki Preslav|Preslav]], where he dies in prison. Simeon replaces Petar with [[Pavle of Serbia|Pavle Branović]], a grandson of prince [[Mutimir of Serbia|Mutimir]], who for long  lives in Preslav. Serbia becomes a [[puppet state]] until 921.<ref>John V.A. Fine, Jr. (1991). ''The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century'', p. 150. ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3.</ref>
+* [[Bulgarian–Serbian wars of 917–924#Wars|Bulgarian–Serbian War]]: Simeon I sends a Bulgarian expeditionary force under [[Theodore Sigritsa]] and [[Marmais]] to [[Principality of Serbia (early medieval)|Serbia]]. The two persuade [[Petar of Serbia|Petar Gojniković]], a Serbian prince who formed an anti-Bulgarian coalition, to meet for a peace agreement. They seize him and send the rebellious prince to the Bulgarian capital of [[Veliki Preslav|Preslav]], where he dies in prison. Simeon replaces Petar with [[Pavle of Serbia|Pavle Branović]], a grandson of prince [[Mutimir of Serbia|Mutimir]], who lives in Preslav. Serbia becomes a [[puppet state]] until 921.<ref>{{The Early Medieval Balkans|page= 150}}</ref>
-* The [[Principality of Hungary|Hungarians]], after attacking [[Duchy of Swabia|Swabia]], sack and burn [[Basel]] (modern [[Switserland]]). They invade [[Lorraine]] in [[Lotharingia]], destroying [[Verdun]] and [[Moyenmoutier]], and many monasteries in [[Duchy of Alsace|Alsace]]. Duke [[Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria|Arnulf I]] ('''the Bad''') with Hungarian military aid, reconquers his land from King [[Conrad I of Germany|Conrad I]] of the [[East Francia|East Frankish Kingdom]]. After this event, [[Duchy of Bavaria|Bavaria]] and Swabia accept to pay [[tribute]] to the Hungarians.
+* The [[Principality of Hungary|Hungarians]], after attacking [[Duchy of Swabia|Swabia]], sack and burn [[Basel]] (modern [[Switzerland]]). They invade [[Lorraine]] in [[Lotharingia]], destroying [[Verdun]] and [[Moyenmoutier]], and many monasteries in [[Duchy of Alsace|Alsace]]. Duke [[Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria|Arnulf I]] ('''the Bad''') with Hungarian military aid, reconquers his land from King [[Conrad I of Germany|Conrad I]] of the [[East Francia|East Frankish Kingdom]]. After this event, [[Duchy of Bavaria|Bavaria]] and Swabia agree to pay [[tribute]] to the Hungarians.
 * [[Battle of Confey]]: The Norse [[Vikings]] under [[Sitric Cáech|Sigtrygg Caech]] defeat and kill King [[Augaire mac Ailella]] of [[Leinster]] in battle. Sigtrygg re-captures [[Kingdom of Dublin|Dublin]] and establishes himself as king, while his kinsman [[Ragnall ua Ímair]] returns to [[Kingdom of England|England]] to become [[List of monarchs of Northumbria#Kings of Northumbria in the Norse era|King of Northumbria]].
 ==== Britain ====
-* Summer &ndash; Lady [[Æthelflæd]] of [[Mercia]] cements an [[Military alliance|alliance]] with King [[Constantine II of Scotland|Constantine II]] of [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]] against [[Scandinavian York|Norse York]]. She captures the fortress at [[Derby]] (belonging to the [[Five Boroughs of the Danelaw]]), while her brother, King [[Edward the Elder]], takes [[Towcester]].<ref>Walker, Ian W (2000). ''Mercia and the Making of England Sutton''. ISBN 0-7509-2131-5.</ref> Æthelflæd's armies also ravage [[Brycheiniog]] ([[Wales]]) in revenge for killing the Mercian [[abbot]] Ecbryht (see [[916]]).
+* Summer &ndash; Lady [[Æthelflæd]] of [[Mercia]] cements an [[Military alliance|alliance]] with King [[Constantine II of Scotland]] against [[Scandinavian York|Norse York]]. She captures the fortress at [[Derby]] (belonging to the [[Five Boroughs of the Danelaw]]), while her brother, King [[Edward the Elder]], takes [[Towcester]].<ref>Walker, Ian W (2000). ''Mercia and the Making of England Sutton''. {{ISBN|0-7509-2131-5}}.</ref> Æthelflæd's armies also ravage [[Brycheiniog]] ([[Wales]]) in revenge for killing the Mercian [[abbot]] Ecbryht (see [[916]]).
+* [[Battle of Tempsford]]: The English army led by Edward the Elder defeats the Danish Vikings at [[Tempsford]]. They storm the fortified ''[[burh]]'' and kill King [[Guthrum II]] of [[Kingdom of East Anglia|East Anglia]], along with the Danish [[Earl|Jarls]] Toglos and Manna.
-==== Arabian Empire ====
+==== Islamic Empire ====
-* Summer &ndash; [[Battle of San Esteban de Gormaz (917)|Battle of San Esteban de Gormaz]]: Umayyad forces under Abi-Abda [[besiege]] the town of [[San Esteban de Gormaz]] (Northern [[Spain]]). King [[Ordoño II of León|Ordoño II]] of [[Kingdom of León|León]] allies himself with [[Sancho I of Pamplona|Sancho I]], king of [[Kingdom of Pamplona|Pamplona]], and defeats the [[Moors]]. Abi-Abda is captured and executed by [[decapitation]].
+* [[Battle of San Esteban de Gormaz (917)|Battle of San Esteban de Gormaz]]: Umayyad forces under Abi-Abda [[besiege]] the ''[[repoblación]]'' of [[San Esteban de Gormaz]] (Northern [[Spain]]). King [[Ordoño II of León]] (supported by his brother [[Fruela II of Asturias]]) allies himself with [[Sancho I of Pamplona|Sancho I]], king of [[Kingdom of Pamplona|Pamplona]], and defeats the [[Moors]]. Abi-Abda is captured and executed by [[decapitation]].
 ==== Asia ====
-* Fall &ndash; The [[Great Yue]] Kingdom, later renamed [[Southern Han]], is founded by [[Liu Yan (emperor)|Liu Yan]], former governor and military advisor, in Panyu (modern [[Guangdong]]) and [[Guangxi]]. Liu Yan declares himself emperor, and gives his niece Liu Hua in [[marriage]] to [[Wang Yanjun]], a son of his rival [[Wang Shenzhi]] (Prince of [[Min (Ten Kingdoms)|Min]]), to cement a relationship between the two states.
+* [[September 5]] &ndash; The [[Great Yue]] Kingdom, later renamed [[Southern Han]], is founded by [[Liu Yan (emperor)|Liu Yan]], former governor and military advisor, in Panyu (modern [[Guangdong]]) and [[Guangxi]]. Liu Yan declares himself emperor, and gives his niece Liu Hua in [[marriage]] to [[Wang Yanjun]], a son of his rival [[Wang Shenzhi]] (Prince of [[Min (Ten Kingdoms)|Min]]), to cement a relationship between the two states.</onlyinclude>
-</onlyinclude>
 == Births ==
 * [[September 20]] &ndash; [[Kyunyeo]], Korean [[Korean poetry|poet]] (d. [[973]])
-* [[Kamo no Yasunori]], Japanese [[Spiritualism|spiritual]] advisor (d. [[977]])
+* [[Ibn Battah|Ibn Battah al-Ukbari]], Arab theologian (d. [[997]])
+* [[Kamo no Yasunori]], Japanese [[Spiritualism (beliefs)|spiritual]] advisor (d. [[977]])
 * [[Theophylactus of Constantinople|Theophylactus]], patriarch of [[Constantinople]] (d. [[956]])
@@ Line 43: / Line 45: @@
 * [[Augaire mac Ailella]], king of [[Leinster]] ([[Ireland]])
 * [[Frederuna]], West Frankish queen (b. [[887]])
+* [[Guthrum II]], king of [[Kingdom of East Anglia|East Anglia]] ([[Kingdom of England|England]])
 * [[Hasan al-Utrush]], emir of [[Tabaristan]] ([[Northern Iran|Iran]])
 * [[Nicholas Picingli]], Byzantine general
@@ Line 48: / Line 51: @@
 * [[Radboud of Utrecht|Radboud]], archbishop of [[Archdiocese of Utrecht (695–1580)|Utrecht]]
 * [[Sindeok of Silla|Sindeok]], king of [[Silla]] ([[Korea]])
-* [[Yahya ibn Idris ibn Umar|Yahya IV]], sultan of [[Morocco]]
 == References ==