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{{Short description|Taiwanese computer peripheral manufacturer}} |
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{{Infobox company |
{{Infobox company |
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| products={{hlist|[[Peripheral]]s|[[consumer electronics]]}} |
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'''KYE Systems Group''', or '''KYE''', an abbreviation of '''Kung Ying Enterprises''' ({{zh|c=迎廣科技股份有限公司}}),<ref>{{cite book | last=Tolentino | first=Paz Estrella | date=2003 | url=https:// |
'''KYE Systems Group''', or '''KYE''', an abbreviation of '''Kung Ying Enterprises''' ({{zh|c=迎廣科技股份有限公司}}),<ref>{{cite book | last=Tolentino | first=Paz Estrella | date=2003 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1URcVy3mFQ4C | title=Technological Innovation and Third-World Multinationals | publisher=Taylor & Francis | page=303 | isbn=9781134945665 | via=Google Books}}</ref> is a Taiwanese computer [[peripheral]] manufacturer that designs and manufactures and markets [[human interface device]]s such as [[computer mouse|mice]] under their own brand, '''Genius'''. The company also manufactures on an [[Original equipment manufacturer|OEM]] basis for companies such as [[HP Inc.|HP]] and [[Microsoft]]. The company was founded in 1983 and has opened offices internationally. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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[[File:Raton optico Genius - Genius optical mouse - 01.jpg|thumb|An early-2000s [[optical mouse]] built by KYE and branded as Genius]] |
[[File:Raton optico Genius - Genius optical mouse - 01.jpg|thumb|An early-2000s [[optical mouse]] built by KYE and branded as Genius]] |
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KYE Systems was founded in 1983 in [[Taipei]], [[Taiwan]], by James Jwo (born {{circa}} 1959) and Albert Chen.<ref name=Kraar1998>{{cite journal | last=Kraar | first=Louis | date=August 6, 1998 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A127652812/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Taiwan se refugia en la tecnologia | trans-title=Taiwan takes refuge in technology | |
KYE Systems was founded in 1983 in [[Taipei]], [[Taiwan]], by James Jwo (born {{circa}} 1959) and Albert Chen.<ref name=Kraar1998>{{cite journal | last=Kraar | first=Louis | date=August 6, 1998 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A127652812/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Taiwan se refugia en la tecnologia | trans-title=Taiwan takes refuge in technology | journal=El Norte | publisher=Agencia Reforma | location=Mexico City | page=14 | via=Gale}}</ref> The company originally did not manufacture [[peripheral]]s but was instead a [[systems integrator]], assembling [[IBM PC compatible|IBM PC clones]] for international export, as part of the company's [[start-up stage]].<ref name=Chia-Huang1999>{{cite book | last=Wang | first=Chia-Huang | date=1999 | url=https://d.lib.msu.edu/etd/47227/datastream/OBJ/View/ | title=Flying Together?: Taiwan and the Flying Geese Development Model | doi=10.25335/v8z9-w263 | publisher=Michigan State University | type=Doctorate thesis}}</ref>{{rp|289}} KYE was founded with [[US$]]40,000 in capital; Jwo described himself at first having "little money and few connections".<ref name=Kraar1998 /> In 1984, the company began developing computer [[peripheral]]s, namely computer mice,<ref name=Lin2013>{{cite journal | last=Lin | first=Shavonne | date=December 4, 2013 | url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1751184055/ | title=Company Profile: KYE Systems Corp. | journal=Mobile Computing Research Report | location=Taipei | via=ProQuest}}</ref>{{rp|1}} for export. In 1985, they introduced their Genius brand of mice,<ref name=Kraar1998 /> which had become a popular brand in the United States by the late 1980s, according to ''[[PC Week]]''.<ref name=Staff_writer1989>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=January 9, 1989 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A7253919/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=KYE International Corp. | journal=PC Week | publisher=Ziff-Davis | volume=6 | issue=1 | page=97 | via=Gale}}</ref> In 1986, they established KYE International Corporation in the United States in [[Walnut, California]], filing its formal articles of incorporation in 1988.<ref name=Chia-Huang1999 />{{rp|290}}<ref name=Staff_writer1989 /> In 1990, the KYE International acquired [[Mouse Systems]], a pioneering peripheral manufacturer of [[Fremont, California]].<ref>{{cite journal | last=Valeriano | first=Lourdes L. | date=January 7, 1991 | url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/398195110/ | title=Other Asians Follow Japanese as Investors in U.S. Firms | journal=The Wall Street Journal | publisher=Dow Jones & Company | page=B2 | via=ProQuest}}</ref> This acquisition expanded KYE's dealer network and allowed them to absorb Mouse Systems' patents on optical mice technology.<ref name=Chia-Huang1999 />{{rp|290}} |
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KYE continued to expand their international presence in the 1990s, establishing marketing subsidiaries in the United Kingdom in 1991, in Germany in 1993, and in Hong Kong in 1995.<ref name=Chia-Huang1999 />{{rp|290}} Also in 1995, the company opened a large factory in [[Shenzhen]], China, to complement the company's manufacturing of mice in their home factory of [[Sanchong District|Sanchong]], Taiwan,<ref name=Chia-Huang1999 />{{rp|291}} which they purchased in 1987.<ref name=Lin2013 />{{rp|1}} In 1997, the assembly lines in Shenzhen were expanded to produce [[image scanner]]s, and in 1998, KYE opened up another factory in nearby [[Dongguan]], China.<ref name=Chia-Huang1999 />{{rp|291}} |
KYE continued to expand their international presence in the 1990s, establishing marketing subsidiaries in the United Kingdom in 1991, in Germany in 1993, and in Hong Kong in 1995.<ref name=Chia-Huang1999 />{{rp|290}} Also in 1995, the company opened a large factory in [[Shenzhen]], China, to complement the company's manufacturing of mice in their home factory of [[Sanchong District|Sanchong]], Taiwan,<ref name=Chia-Huang1999 />{{rp|291}} which they purchased in 1987.<ref name=Lin2013 />{{rp|1}} In 1997, the assembly lines in Shenzhen were expanded to produce [[image scanner]]s, and in 1998, KYE opened up another factory in nearby [[Dongguan]], China.<ref name=Chia-Huang1999 />{{rp|291}} |
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KYE had their hands in the manufacturing of multimedia products in the early 1990s, producing [[graphics card]]s, and [[sound card]]s. A subsidiary devoted to publishing [[multimedia]] [[CD-ROM]]s was opened in 1993, but KYE folded it in 1996.<ref name=Chia-Huang1999 />{{rp|291}} |
KYE had their hands in the manufacturing of multimedia products in the early 1990s, producing [[graphics card]]s, and [[sound card]]s. A subsidiary devoted to publishing [[multimedia]] [[CD-ROM]]s was opened in 1993, but KYE folded it in 1996.<ref name=Chia-Huang1999 />{{rp|291}} |
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In 1997, the company introduced the Genius EasyScroll (also sold as the Mouse Systems ProAgio), the first commercially produced mouse with a [[scroll wheel]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Atwood | first=Jeff | authorlink=Jeff Atwood | date=May 16, 2007 | url=https://blog.codinghorror.com/meet-the-inventor-of-the-mouse-wheel/ | title=Meet the Inventor of the Mouse Wheel | work=Coding Horror | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413013405/https://blog.codinghorror.com/meet-the-inventor-of-the-mouse-wheel/ | archivedate=April 13, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Mueller | first=Scott | date=2009 | url=https:// |
In 1997, the company introduced the Genius EasyScroll (also sold as the Mouse Systems ProAgio), the first commercially produced mouse with a [[scroll wheel]].<ref>{{cite web | last=Atwood | first=Jeff | authorlink=Jeff Atwood | date=May 16, 2007 | url=https://blog.codinghorror.com/meet-the-inventor-of-the-mouse-wheel/ | title=Meet the Inventor of the Mouse Wheel | work=Coding Horror | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413013405/https://blog.codinghorror.com/meet-the-inventor-of-the-mouse-wheel/ | archivedate=April 13, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Mueller | first=Scott | date=2009 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=siK06htKzvEC | title=Upgrading and Repairing PCs | publisher=Pearson Education | page=1174 | isbn=9780768694895 | via=Google Books}}</ref> The company held the American patents on scroll-wheel technology through to at least 2009.<ref>{{cite web | last=Staff writers | date=May 22, 2009 | url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2009/05/22/genius-extends-line-of-racing-wheels-to-provide-gamers-with-the-ultimate-driving-experience | title=Genius Extends Line of Racing Wheels to Provide Gamers with the Ultimate Driving Experience | work=IGN | publisher=Red Ventures | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617030931/https://www.ign.com/articles/2009/05/22/genius-extends-line-of-racing-wheels-to-provide-gamers-with-the-ultimate-driving-experience | archivedate=June 17, 2018}}</ref> |
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KYE by 2010 had an [[Original equipment manufacturer|OEM]] roster of [[Hewlett-Packard]] (later [[HP Inc.]]), [[Samsung]], [[Acer Inc.|Acer]], [[Asus]], [[Best Buy]], [[Foxconn]], [[Microsoft]], and [[Logitech]]. Microsoft was KYE's largest client in 2010, accounting for 30 percent of KYE's output; KYE built some of Microsoft's [[Xbox controller]]s and [[webcam]]s from their factory in Dongguan.<ref name=Protalinski2010>{{cite web | last=Protalinski | first=Emil | date=April 14, 2010 | url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2010/04/microsoft-investigates-as-sweatshop-spotlight-shines-on-supplier/ | title=Microsoft investigates as sweatshop spotlight shines on supplier | work=Ars Technica | publisher=Condé Nast | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111200130/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2010/04/microsoft-investigates-as-sweatshop-spotlight-shines-on-supplier/ | archivedate=November 11, 2020}}</ref> |
KYE by 2010 had an [[Original equipment manufacturer|OEM]] roster of [[Hewlett-Packard]] (later [[HP Inc.]]), [[Samsung]], [[Acer Inc.|Acer]], [[Asus]], [[Best Buy]], [[Foxconn]], [[Microsoft]], and [[Logitech]]. Microsoft was KYE's largest client in 2010, accounting for 30 percent of KYE's output; KYE built some of Microsoft's [[Xbox controller]]s and [[webcam]]s from their factory in Dongguan.<ref name=Protalinski2010>{{cite web | last=Protalinski | first=Emil | date=April 14, 2010 | url=https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2010/04/microsoft-investigates-as-sweatshop-spotlight-shines-on-supplier/ | title=Microsoft investigates as sweatshop spotlight shines on supplier | work=Ars Technica | publisher=Condé Nast | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111200130/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2010/04/microsoft-investigates-as-sweatshop-spotlight-shines-on-supplier/ | archivedate=November 11, 2020}}</ref> |
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An April 2010 report by the [[National Labor Committee]] wrote of [[sweatshop]]-like conditions at the Dongguan factory, which had been recruiting 16- to 18-year-old women for [[seasonal industry|summer jobs]]. According to the NCL's report, the students worked 15-hour shifts, six or seven days a week, and during breaks rested in cramped dormitories. Pay for the students was set to 65¢ per hour, with a 13¢ deduction for cafeteria services.<ref name=Wingfield2010 /> A single line of 20 to 30 employees had to complete 2,000 Microsoft mice in 12 hours, with management raising the production goal after each shift. The NLC report wrote that the factory was crowded, with nearly 1,000 sharing a roughly 11,025 square foot room, and that workers were prohibited from conversing, listening to music, or using the bathroom outside of breaks. Following the report, Microsoft stated that they had begun taking "appropriate remedial measures in regard to any findings of vendor misconduct", in accordance with their code of conduct for vendors.<ref name=Protalinski2010 /> KYE Systems responded that they set their wages commensurate with Chinese labor regulations and called the report "a one-sided story without offering us a chance to explain".<ref name=Wingfield2010>{{cite journal | last=Wingfield | first=Nick | date=April 16, 2010 | url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/399104904/ | title=Microsoft Will Investigate Conditions at Chinese Plant | |
An April 2010 report by the [[National Labor Committee]] wrote of [[sweatshop]]-like conditions at the Dongguan factory, which had been recruiting 16- to 18-year-old women for [[seasonal industry|summer jobs]]. According to the NCL's report, the students worked 15-hour shifts, six or seven days a week, and during breaks rested in cramped dormitories. Pay for the students was set to 65¢ per hour, with a 13¢ deduction for cafeteria services.<ref name=Wingfield2010 /> A single line of 20 to 30 employees had to complete 2,000 Microsoft mice in 12 hours, with management raising the production goal after each shift. The NLC report wrote that the factory was crowded, with nearly 1,000 sharing a roughly 11,025 square foot room, and that workers were prohibited from conversing, listening to music, or using the bathroom outside of breaks. Following the report, Microsoft stated that they had begun taking "appropriate remedial measures in regard to any findings of vendor misconduct", in accordance with their code of conduct for vendors.<ref name=Protalinski2010 /> KYE Systems responded that they set their wages commensurate with Chinese labor regulations and called the report "a one-sided story without offering us a chance to explain".<ref name=Wingfield2010>{{cite journal | last=Wingfield | first=Nick | date=April 16, 2010 | url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/399104904/ | title=Microsoft Will Investigate Conditions at Chinese Plant | journal=The Wall Street Journal | publisher=Dow Jones & Company | page=B7 | via=ProQuest}}</ref> Chinese government officials on April 19, 2010, cited KYE with failing to register nearly 326 workers between the ages of 16 and 18 and imposing excessive amounts of overtime—280 collective hours a week, over the allotted 196. Officials forced KYE to rectify the cited complaints within two weeks.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Barboza | first=David | date=April 19, 2010 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/20/technology/20soft.html | title=Chinese Suppliers to Microsoft Cited for Labor Violations | journal=The New York Times | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100421022543/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/20/technology/20soft.html | archivedate=April 21, 2010}}</ref> |
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Between 2008 and 2012, KYE's revenue share in computer peripherals dropped from 69 percent in 2008 to 43 percent, while its revenue share in optical imaging and [[consumer electronics]] both grew, from 12 percent and 17 percent respectively in 2008 to roughly a quarter each in 2012. In the third quarter of 2013, the company reported an operating income of [[NT$]]64 million.<ref name=Lin2013 />{{rp|6}} |
Between 2008 and 2012, KYE's revenue share in computer peripherals dropped from 69 percent in 2008 to 43 percent, while its revenue share in optical imaging and [[consumer electronics]] both grew, from 12 percent and 17 percent respectively in 2008 to roughly a quarter each in 2012. In the third quarter of 2013, the company reported an operating income of [[NT$]]64 million.<ref name=Lin2013 />{{rp|6}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* {{official website|https://geniusnet.com/}} |
* {{official website|https://global.geniusnet.com/}} |
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{{Electronics industry in Taiwan}} |
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[[Category:1983 establishments in Taiwan]] |
[[Category:1983 establishments in Taiwan]] |
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[[Category:Computer companies of Taiwan]] |
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[[Category:Companies based in Taipei]] |
[[Category:Companies based in Taipei]] |
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[[Category:Computer companies established in 1983]] |
[[Category:Computer companies established in 1983]] |
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[[Category:Taiwanese brands]] |
[[Category:Taiwanese brands]] |
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[[Category:Computer hardware companies]] |
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[[Category:Computer peripheral companies]] |
[[Category:Computer peripheral companies]] |
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[[Category:Electronics companies of Taiwan]] |
[[Category:Electronics companies of Taiwan]] |
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Latest revision as of 00:47, 17 March 2024
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KYE Systems Group, or KYE, an abbreviation of Kung Ying Enterprises (Chinese: 迎廣科技股份有限公司),[1] is a Taiwanese computer peripheral manufacturer that designs and manufactures and markets human interface devices such as mice under their own brand, Genius. The company also manufactures on an OEM basis for companies such as HP and Microsoft. The company was founded in 1983 and has opened offices internationally.
History
[edit]
KYE Systems was founded in 1983 in Taipei, Taiwan, by James Jwo (born c. 1959) and Albert Chen.[2] The company originally did not manufacture peripherals but was instead a systems integrator, assembling IBM PC clones for international export, as part of the company's start-up stage.[3]: 289 KYE was founded with US$40,000 in capital; Jwo described himself at first having "little money and few connections".[2] In 1984, the company began developing computer peripherals, namely computer mice,[4]: 1 for export. In 1985, they introduced their Genius brand of mice,[2] which had become a popular brand in the United States by the late 1980s, according to PC Week.[5] In 1986, they established KYE International Corporation in the United States in Walnut, California, filing its formal articles of incorporation in 1988.[3]: 290 [5] In 1990, the KYE International acquired Mouse Systems, a pioneering peripheral manufacturer of Fremont, California.[6] This acquisition expanded KYE's dealer network and allowed them to absorb Mouse Systems' patents on optical mice technology.[3]: 290
KYE continued to expand their international presence in the 1990s, establishing marketing subsidiaries in the United Kingdom in 1991, in Germany in 1993, and in Hong Kong in 1995.[3]: 290 Also in 1995, the company opened a large factory in Shenzhen, China, to complement the company's manufacturing of mice in their home factory of Sanchong, Taiwan,[3]: 291 which they purchased in 1987.[4]: 1 In 1997, the assembly lines in Shenzhen were expanded to produce image scanners, and in 1998, KYE opened up another factory in nearby Dongguan, China.[3]: 291
KYE had their hands in the manufacturing of multimedia products in the early 1990s, producing graphics cards, and sound cards. A subsidiary devoted to publishing multimedia CD-ROMs was opened in 1993, but KYE folded it in 1996.[3]: 291
In 1997, the company introduced the Genius EasyScroll (also sold as the Mouse Systems ProAgio), the first commercially produced mouse with a scroll wheel.[7][8] The company held the American patents on scroll-wheel technology through to at least 2009.[9]
KYE by 2010 had an OEM roster of Hewlett-Packard (later HP Inc.), Samsung, Acer, Asus, Best Buy, Foxconn, Microsoft, and Logitech. Microsoft was KYE's largest client in 2010, accounting for 30 percent of KYE's output; KYE built some of Microsoft's Xbox controllers and webcams from their factory in Dongguan.[10]
An April 2010 report by the National Labor Committee wrote of sweatshop-like conditions at the Dongguan factory, which had been recruiting 16- to 18-year-old women for summer jobs. According to the NCL's report, the students worked 15-hour shifts, six or seven days a week, and during breaks rested in cramped dormitories. Pay for the students was set to 65¢ per hour, with a 13¢ deduction for cafeteria services.[11] A single line of 20 to 30 employees had to complete 2,000 Microsoft mice in 12 hours, with management raising the production goal after each shift. The NLC report wrote that the factory was crowded, with nearly 1,000 sharing a roughly 11,025 square foot room, and that workers were prohibited from conversing, listening to music, or using the bathroom outside of breaks. Following the report, Microsoft stated that they had begun taking "appropriate remedial measures in regard to any findings of vendor misconduct", in accordance with their code of conduct for vendors.[10] KYE Systems responded that they set their wages commensurate with Chinese labor regulations and called the report "a one-sided story without offering us a chance to explain".[11] Chinese government officials on April 19, 2010, cited KYE with failing to register nearly 326 workers between the ages of 16 and 18 and imposing excessive amounts of overtime—280 collective hours a week, over the allotted 196. Officials forced KYE to rectify the cited complaints within two weeks.[12]
Between 2008 and 2012, KYE's revenue share in computer peripherals dropped from 69 percent in 2008 to 43 percent, while its revenue share in optical imaging and consumer electronics both grew, from 12 percent and 17 percent respectively in 2008 to roughly a quarter each in 2012. In the third quarter of 2013, the company reported an operating income of NT$64 million.[4]: 6
References
[edit]- ^ Tolentino, Paz Estrella (2003). Technological Innovation and Third-World Multinationals. Taylor & Francis. p. 303. ISBN 9781134945665 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c Kraar, Louis (August 6, 1998). "Taiwan se refugia en la tecnologia" [Taiwan takes refuge in technology]. El Norte. Mexico City: Agencia Reforma: 14 – via Gale.
- ^ a b c d e f g Wang, Chia-Huang (1999). Flying Together?: Taiwan and the Flying Geese Development Model (Doctorate thesis). Michigan State University. doi:10.25335/v8z9-w263.
- ^ a b c Lin, Shavonne (December 4, 2013). "Company Profile: KYE Systems Corp". Mobile Computing Research Report. Taipei – via ProQuest.
- ^ a b Staff writer (January 9, 1989). "KYE International Corp". PC Week. 6 (1). Ziff-Davis: 97 – via Gale.
- ^ Valeriano, Lourdes L. (January 7, 1991). "Other Asians Follow Japanese as Investors in U.S. Firms". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company: B2 – via ProQuest.
- ^ Atwood, Jeff (May 16, 2007). "Meet the Inventor of the Mouse Wheel". Coding Horror. Archived from the original on April 13, 2014.
- ^ Mueller, Scott (2009). Upgrading and Repairing PCs. Pearson Education. p. 1174. ISBN 9780768694895 – via Google Books.
- ^ Staff writers (May 22, 2009). "Genius Extends Line of Racing Wheels to Provide Gamers with the Ultimate Driving Experience". IGN. Red Ventures. Archived from the original on June 17, 2018.
- ^ a b Protalinski, Emil (April 14, 2010). "Microsoft investigates as sweatshop spotlight shines on supplier". Ars Technica. Condé Nast. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020.
- ^ a b Wingfield, Nick (April 16, 2010). "Microsoft Will Investigate Conditions at Chinese Plant". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company: B7 – via ProQuest.
- ^ Barboza, David (April 19, 2010). "Chinese Suppliers to Microsoft Cited for Labor Violations". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 21, 2010.
