Spencer Street Bridge: Difference between revisions

Spencer Street Bridge
Spencer Street Bridge
Coordinates	37°49′23″S 144°57′21″E / 37.822942°S 144.955893°E
Carries	Road, trams, pedestrians
Crosses	Yarra River
Locale	Melbourne, Australia
Characteristics
Material	All steel superstructure
Total length	405 ft (123 m)
Width	80.6 ft (24.6 m) Roadway; 12 ft (3.7 m) footways
Height	28.5 ft (8.7 m)
Longest span	130 ft (40 m)
No. of spans	3
Piers in water	Concrete on cylindrical caissons faced with bluestone down to rock
History
Architect	Royal Victorian Institute of Architects; Mr Oakley; Mr Kermode; Mr Perrin
Engineering design by	Mr W. D. Chapman
Constructed by	Railways Construction Branch
Construction start	28 October 1927
Construction end	1930
Construction cost	£168,700
Location

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Latest revision as of 04:48, 4 February 2024

The Spencer Street Bridge is a road and tram bridge over the Yarra River in Melbourne, Australia. It connects Spencer Street on the north bank with Clarendon Street on the south. The idea of a bridge at that point was first proposed in the mid-19th century.^[10]

The design of the bridge was the result of a public competition, announced in November 1925.^[11] It was won by Messrs. Edward Saunders and Alan Wilson, engineers, in conjunction with Messrs. Alfred R. La Gerche and W. E. Gower, architects.^[12] The first pile was driven in October 1927.^[10]

During construction engineers knew deep foundations would be required to find bedrock but, at 20 metres below sea level, they struck a red gum stump that took three weeks work to remove. It was dated at about 8,000 years old and appeared to have lived for well over 400 years.^[13] The cantilever girder type, with steel girder suspended span bridge was completed in 1930,^[2]^[14] with an adjacent glass and steel covered footbridge built alongside in 1998, as part of the Melbourne Convention & Exhibition Centre.^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]

Gallery

The parallel glass and steel footbridge
Yarra River & Spencer Street Bridge
Spencer Street Bridge 1930 Plaque

References

^ "SPENCER-STREET BRIDGE". The Examiner. Launceston, Tas.: National Library of Australia. 29 June 1928. p. 11. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "BRIDGES THAT SPAN AUSTRALIAN RIVERS". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 19 March 1932. p. 4 Supplement: Sydney Harbour Bridge Supplement. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
^ "BROADCASTING PICTURES". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 12 April 1930. p. 23. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
^ "Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 22 September 1928. p. 16. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
^ "FINAL DESIGN FOR THE SPENCER STREET BRIDGE". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 22 September 1928. p. 15. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
^ "SPENCER STREET BRIDGE". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 4 April 1930. p. 15. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
^ ^a ^b "NEW CITY BRIDGE". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 13 February 1930. p. 9. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
^ "SPENCER STREET BRIDGE BEGUN". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 29 October 1927. p. 31. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
^ "Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 29 January 1930. p. 7. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
^ ^a ^b "Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. 29 October 1927. Retrieved 27 September 2018 – via Trove.
^ "Winning Design for Spencer Street Bridge, Melbourne". The Australasian. 28 November 1925. p. 41. Retrieved 19 February 2018.
^ "Designs for Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. 24 November 1925. p. 9. Retrieved 19 February 2018 – via Trove.
^ "7 Bridges of Melbourne". whitehat.com.au. Retrieved 8 July 2008.
^ "Road and Bridge Works". Engineering Heritage Victoria. home.vicnet.net.au. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 8 July 2008.
^ Arup. "Spencer Street Footbridge". arup.com. Archived from the original on 4 October 2008. Retrieved 8 July 2008.
^ "Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. Melbourne. 29 July 1927. p. 15. Retrieved 27 November 2012 – via Trove.
^ "Spencer Street Bridge Grows". The Argus. Melbourne. 31 January 1929. p. 5. Retrieved 27 November 2012 – via Trove.
^ "Spencer Street Bridge Progresses". The Argus. 2 December 1927. p. 13. Retrieved 27 November 2012 – via Trove.
^ "Building Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. Melbourne. 17 February 1928. p. 13. Retrieved 27 November 2012 – via Trove.

External links

Spencer Street Bridge, Victorian Heritage Database
SPENCER STREET BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION, 0.75 CUBIC YARD GRAB IN ACTION IN DEEP CYLINDERS MAY 1928, Photograph, PROVWiki
Arup: Spencer Street Footbridge, Melbourne, Australia

[1] "SPENCER-STREET BRIDGE". The Examiner. Launceston, Tas.: National Library of Australia. 29 June 1928. p. 11. Retrieved 27 November 2012.

[dimensions-2] "BRIDGES THAT SPAN AUSTRALIAN RIVERS". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 19 March 1932. p. 4 Supplement: Sydney Harbour Bridge Supplement. Retrieved 27 November 2012.

[3] "BROADCASTING PICTURES". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 12 April 1930. p. 23. Retrieved 27 November 2012.

[4] "Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 22 September 1928. p. 16. Retrieved 28 November 2012.

[5] "FINAL DESIGN FOR THE SPENCER STREET BRIDGE". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 22 September 1928. p. 15. Retrieved 28 November 2012.

[6] "SPENCER STREET BRIDGE". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 4 April 1930. p. 15. Retrieved 27 November 2012.

[cost-7] "NEW CITY BRIDGE". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 13 February 1930. p. 9. Retrieved 27 November 2012.

[8] "SPENCER STREET BRIDGE BEGUN". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 29 October 1927. p. 31. Retrieved 27 November 2012.

[9] "Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. Melbourne: National Library of Australia. 29 January 1930. p. 7. Retrieved 27 November 2012.

[Trove_1927-10] "Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. 29 October 1927. Retrieved 27 September 2018 – via Trove.

[11] "Winning Design for Spencer Street Bridge, Melbourne". The Australasian. 28 November 1925. p. 41. Retrieved 19 February 2018.

[12] "Designs for Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. 24 November 1925. p. 9. Retrieved 19 February 2018 – via Trove.

[13] "7 Bridges of Melbourne". whitehat.com.au. Retrieved 8 July 2008.

[14] "Road and Bridge Works". Engineering Heritage Victoria. home.vicnet.net.au. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 8 July 2008.

[15] Arup. "Spencer Street Footbridge". arup.com. Archived from the original on 4 October 2008. Retrieved 8 July 2008.

[16] "Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. Melbourne. 29 July 1927. p. 15. Retrieved 27 November 2012 – via Trove.

[17] "Spencer Street Bridge Grows". The Argus. Melbourne. 31 January 1929. p. 5. Retrieved 27 November 2012 – via Trove.

[18] "Spencer Street Bridge Progresses". The Argus. 2 December 1927. p. 13. Retrieved 27 November 2012 – via Trove.

[19] "Building Spencer Street Bridge". The Argus. Melbourne. 17 February 1928. p. 13. Retrieved 27 November 2012 – via Trove.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
+{{Use Australian English|date=February 2024}}
 {{Infobox bridge
 | bridge_name      = Spencer Street Bridge
@@ Line 14: / Line 16: @@
 | owner            =
 | maint            =
-| id               =
 | website          =
 | architect        = Royal Victorian Institute of Architects<br />Mr Oakley<br />Mr Kermode<br />Mr Perrin<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4079263 |title=SPENCER STREET BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=4 April 1930 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=15 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
@@ Line 20: / Line 21: @@
 | engineering      = Mr W. D. Chapman<ref name=cost />
 | design           =
-| material         = All steel superstructure<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51485821 |title=SPENCER-STREET BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Examiner (Tasmania)|The Examiner]] |location=Launceston, Tas. |date=29 June 1928 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=11 Edition: DAILY |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
+| material         = All steel superstructure<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article51485821 |title=SPENCER-STREET BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Examiner (Tasmania)|The Examiner]] |location=Launceston, Tas. |date=29 June 1928 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=11|publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
 | length           = {{Convert|405|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref name=dimensions>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28034328 |title=BRIDGES THAT SPAN AUSTRALIAN RIVERS. |newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=19 March 1932 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=4 Supplement: Sydney Harbour Bridge Supplement |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
 | width            = {{Convert|80.6|ft|m|abbr=on}} Roadway<br />{{Convert|12|ft|m|abbr=on}} footways<ref name=dimensions />
 | height           = {{Convert|28.5|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4081027 |title=BROADCASTING PICTURES. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=12 April 1930 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=23 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
-| mainspan         = {{Convert|130|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3958605 |title=SPENCER STREET BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=22 September 1928 |accessdate=28 November 2012 |page=16 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3958568 |title=FINAL DESIGN FOR THE SPENCER STREET BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=22 September 1928 |accessdate=28 November 2012 |page=15 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
+| mainspan         = {{Convert|130|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3958605 |title=Spencer Street Bridge|newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=22 September 1928 |accessdate=28 November 2012 |page=16 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3958568 |title=FINAL DESIGN FOR THE SPENCER STREET BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=22 September 1928 |accessdate=28 November 2012 |page=15 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
 | spans            = 3<ref name=dimensions />
 | pierswater       = Concrete on cylindrical caissons faced with bluestone down to rock<ref name=dimensions />
@@ Line 35: / Line 36: @@
 | begin            = 28 October 1927<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3888094 |title=SPENCER STREET BRIDGE BEGUN. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=29 October 1927 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=31 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
 | complete         = 1930
-| cost             = £168,700<ref name=cost>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4068562 |title=NEW CITY BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=13 February 1930 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=9 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4065270 |title=SPENCER STREET BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=29 January 1930 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
+| cost             = £168,700<ref name=cost>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4068562 |title=NEW CITY BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=13 February 1930 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=9 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4065270 |title=Spencer Street Bridge|newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=29 January 1930 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=7 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
 | open             =
 | inaugurated      =
@@ Line 57: / Line 58: @@
 | extra            =
 }}
-The '''Spencer Street Bridge''' is a road and tram bridge over the [[Yarra River]] in [[Melbourne]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], Australia. It connects [[Spencer Street, Melbourne|Spencer Street]] on the north bank with [[Clarendon Street, Melbourne|Clarendon Street]] on the south.
+The '''Spencer Street Bridge''' is a road and tram bridge over the [[Yarra River]] in [[Melbourne]], Australia. It connects [[Spencer Street]] on the north bank with Clarendon Street on the south. The idea of a bridge at that point was first proposed in the mid-19th century.<ref name="Trove 1927">{{cite news | title=Spencer Street Bridge |work=The Argus | via=Trove | date=29 October 1927 | url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3888245 | access-date=27 September 2018}}</ref>
-The design of the bridge was a public competition won by Messrs. Edward Saunders and Alan Wilson, engineers, and Messrs. Alfred R. La Gerche and W. E. Gower, architects, who worked in conjunction. <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2168753|title=DESIGNS FOR SPENCER STREET BRIDGE.|date=1925-11-24|work=Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957)|access-date=2018-02-19|pages=9}}</ref>
+The design of the bridge was the result of a public competition, announced in November 1925.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article140724238|title=Winning Design for Spencer Street Bridge, Melbourne |date=28 November 1925|work=The Australasian |access-date=19 February 2018|pages=41}}</ref> It was won by Messrs. Edward Saunders and Alan Wilson, engineers, in conjunction with Messrs. Alfred R. La Gerche and W. E. Gower, architects.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2168753|title=Designs for Spencer Street Bridge |date=24 November 1925|work=The Argus |access-date=19 February 2018|pages=9 |via=Trove}}</ref> The first pile was driven in October 1927.<ref name="Trove 1927"/>
-During construction engineers knew [[deep foundation]]s would be required to find bedrock, but at 20 metres below sea level they struck a red gum stump that took three weeks work to remove. It was dated at about 8,000 years old and appears to have lived for well over 400 years.<ref>{{cite web
-|url=http://www.whitehat.com.au/melbourne/Buildings/7Bridges.asp#SpencerStBridge
+During construction engineers knew [[deep foundation]]s would be required to find bedrock but, at 20 metres below sea level, they struck a red gum stump that took three weeks work to remove. It was dated at about 8,000 years old and appeared to have lived for well over 400 years.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.whitehat.com.au/melbourne/Buildings/7Bridges.asp#SpencerStBridge |title=7 Bridges of Melbourne |publisher=whitehat.com.au |accessdate=8 July 2008}}</ref> The cantilever girder type, with steel girder suspended span bridge was completed in 1930,<ref name="dimensions" /><ref>{{cite web
-|title=7 Bridges of Melbourne
+ |url         = http://home.vicnet.net.au/~engherit/roadsBridges.htm
-|publisher=www.whitehat.com.au
+ |title       = Road and Bridge Works
-|accessdate=2008-07-08
+ |work        = Engineering Heritage Victoria
-}}</ref> The cantilever girder type, with steel girder suspended span bridge was completed in 1930,<ref name="dimensions" /><ref>{{cite web
-|url=http://home.vicnet.net.au/~engherit/roadsBridges.htm
+ |publisher   = home.vicnet.net.au
+ |access-date  = 8 July 2008
-|title=Road and Bridge Works
+ |url-status     = dead
-|work=Engineering Heritage Victoria
+ |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20080917150413/http://home.vicnet.net.au/~engherit/roadsBridges.htm
-|publisher=home.vicnet.net.au
+ |archive-date = 17 September 2008
-|accessdate=2008-07-08
-}}</ref> with an adjacent glass and steel covered footbridge built alongside in 1998, as part of the [[Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre]].<ref>{{cite web
+ }}</ref> with an adjacent glass and steel covered footbridge built alongside in 1998, as part of the [[Melbourne Convention & Exhibition Centre]].<ref>{{cite web
-|url=http://www.arup.com/bridges/project.cfm?pageid=2311
+ |url         = http://www.arup.com/bridges/project.cfm?pageid=2311
-|title=Spencer Street Footbridge
+ |title       = Spencer Street Footbridge
-|author=Arup
+ |author      = Arup
-|publisher=www.arup.com
+ |publisher   = arup.com
+ |access-date  = 8 July 2008
-|accessdate=2008-07-08
+ |url-status     = dead
-}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3869771 |title=SPENCER STREET BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=29 July 1927 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=15 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3981764 |title=SPENCER STREET BRIDGE GROWS. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=31 January 1929 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3895114 |title=SPENCER STREET BRIDGE PROGRESSES. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=2 December 1927 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=13 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3911559 |title=BUILDING SPENCER STREET BRIDGE. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |location=Melbourne |date=17 February 1928 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=13 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref>
+ |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20081004113822/http://www.arup.com/bridges/project.cfm?pageid=2311
+ |archive-date = 4 October 2008
+ }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3869771 |title=Spencer Street Bridge |work=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=29 July 1927 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=15 |via=Trove}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3981764 |title=Spencer Street Bridge Grows. |work=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=31 January 1929 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=5 |via=Trove}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3895114 |title=Spencer Street Bridge Progresses |work=The Argus |date=2 December 1927 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=13 |via=Trove}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3911559 |title=Building Spencer Street Bridge |work=The Argus|location=Melbourne |date=17 February 1928 |accessdate=27 November 2012 |page=13 |via=Trove}}</ref>
 ==Gallery==
@@ Line 88: / Line 91: @@
 == References ==
-{{reflist|2}}
+{{Reflist}}
 ==External links==
+{{commons category|Spencer Street Bridge}}
 *[http://vhd.heritage.vic.gov.au/vhd/heritagevic/#detail_places;65597 Spencer Street Bridge], Victorian Heritage Database
-*[http://wiki.prov.vic.gov.au/index.php/VPRS_12800_P7_C_0729 SPENCER STREET BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION, 0.75 CUBIC YARD GRAB IN ACTION IN DEEP CYLINDERS MAY 1928],  Photograph, PROVWiki
+*[http://wiki.prov.vic.gov.au/index.php/VPRS_12800_P7_C_0729 SPENCER STREET BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION, 0.75 CUBIC YARD GRAB IN ACTION IN DEEP CYLINDERS MAY 1928], Photograph, PROVWiki
 *[http://www.arup.com/_assets/_download/download146.pdf Arup: Spencer Street Footbridge, Melbourne, Australia]
@@ Line 98: / Line 102: @@
 [[Category:Bridges in Melbourne]]
-[[Category:Crossings of the Yarra River]]
+[[Category:Bridges over the Yarra River]]
 [[Category:1930 establishments in Australia]]
+[[Category:Landmarks in Melbourne]]
+[[Category:Buildings and structures in the City of Melbourne (LGA)]]
+[[Category:Transport in the City of Melbourne (LGA)]]
+[[Category:Bridges completed in 1930]]
+[[Category:Southbank, Victoria]]