Jump to content

Numinbah Nature Reserve: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 28°15′S 153°16′E / 28.250°S 153.267°E / -28.250; 153.267
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m grammar
not a stub
 
(27 intermediate revisions by 10 users not shown)
Line 5: Line 5:
| name = Numinbah Nature Reserve
| name = Numinbah Nature Reserve
| state = nsw
| state = nsw
| iucn_category = Ia
| iucn_category = Ia <!-- https://www.protectedplanet.net/11135 -->
| image = Antarctic Beech Tree Base (Nothofagus Moorer).JPG
| image = Antarctic Beech Tree Base (Nothofagus Moorer).JPG
| caption = Ancient Antarctic Beech trees
| caption = [[Nothofagus moorei|Antarctic Beech]] at Numinbah Nature Reserve
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| relief = 1
| relief = 1
Line 28: Line 28:
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =
| area = 8.58
| area = 8.58
| area_footnotes = <ref name=oeh>{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/NationalParks/parkManagement.aspx?id=N0545|title=Numinbah Nature Reserve: Park management|work=Office of Environment and Heritage|publisher=[[Government of New South Wales]]|date=|accessdate=28 September 2014}}</ref>
| area_footnotes = <ref name=oeh>{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/NationalParks/parkManagement.aspx?id=N0545|title=Numinbah Nature Reserve: Park management|work=Office of Environment and Heritage|publisher=[[Government of New South Wales]]|access-date=28 September 2014}}</ref>
| timezone =
| timezone =
| utc =
| utc =
Line 61: Line 61:
}}
}}
'''Numinbah Nature Reserve''' is a protected [[nature reserve]] that is located on the [[Northern Rivers]] region of [[New South Wales]], in eastern [[Australia]]. The reserve was [[gazette#gazetted as a verb|gazetted]] in December 1981 with a further addition made in 1989 to make the reserve to its current area of {{convert|858|ha}}. The reserve is situated north-east of the rural locality of Numinbah, and south of the [[Queensland]] town of {{QLDcity|Springbrook}} and defines part of the state border between New South Wales and Queensland.
'''Numinbah Nature Reserve''' is a protected [[Nature reserve (Australia)|nature reserve]] that is located in the [[Northern Rivers]] region of [[New South Wales]], in eastern [[Australia]]. The reserve was [[gazette#gazetted as a verb|gazetted]] in December 1981 with a further addition made in 1989 to make the reserve to its current area of {{convert|858|ha}}. The reserve is situated north-east of the rural locality of Numinbah, and south of the [[Queensland]] town of {{QLDcity|Springbrook}} and defines part of the state border between New South Wales and Queensland.


The reserve is part of the [[Mount Warning]]/[[Tweed River (New South Wales)|Tweed]] [[caldera]], situated in the Border Ranges; and is part of the Shield Volcano group of the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage]]{{endash}}listed [[Gondwana Rainforests|Gondwana Rainforests of Australia]] inscribed in 1986 and added to the [[Australian National Heritage List]] in 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/NationalParks/parkWorldHeritage.aspx?id=N0545|title=Numinbah Nature Reserve: World Heritage|work=Office of Environment and Heritage|publisher=[[Government of New South Wales]]|date=|accessdate=28 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=New South Wales Rainforests|work=The Nomination for the World Heritage List|author=Adam, Paul|isbn=0-7305-2075-7|page=67 |publisher=|year=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/368/multiple=1&unique_number=422 |title=Gondwana Rainforests of Australia|accessdate=9 June 2008|format= |work=World Heritage List|publisher=[[UNESCO]] }}</ref> It is also part of the [[Scenic Rim]] [[Important Bird Area]], identified as such by [[BirdLife International]] because of its importance in the conservation of several species of [[threatened]] birds.<ref name=bli>{{cite web|publisher=[[BirdLife International]]|date=2011|work=Important Bird Areas factsheet|title=Scenic Rim |url=http://www.birdlife.org|accessdate=3 October 2011}}</ref>
The reserve is part of the [[Mount Warning]]/[[Tweed River (New South Wales)|Tweed]] [[caldera]], situated in the Border Ranges; and is part of the Shield Volcano group of the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage]]{{endash}}listed [[Gondwana Rainforests|Gondwana Rainforests of Australia]] inscribed in 1986 and added to the [[Australian National Heritage List]] in 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/NationalParks/parkWorldHeritage.aspx?id=N0545|title=Numinbah Nature Reserve: World Heritage|work=Office of Environment and Heritage|publisher=[[Government of New South Wales]]|access-date=28 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|chapter=New South Wales Rainforests|title=The Nomination for the World Heritage List|author=Adam, Paul|isbn=0-7305-2075-7|page=67 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/368/multiple=1&unique_number=422 |title=Gondwana Rainforests of Australia|access-date=9 June 2008|work=World Heritage List|publisher=[[UNESCO]] }}</ref> It is also part of the [[Scenic Rim]] [[Important Bird Area]], identified as such by [[BirdLife International]] because of its importance in the conservation of several species of [[threatened]] birds.<ref name=bli>{{cite web|publisher=[[BirdLife International]]|date=2011|work=Important Bird Areas factsheet|title=Scenic Rim |url=http://www.birdlife.org|access-date=3 October 2011}}</ref>


==Description==
==Description==
On the New South Wales side of the border the reserve is bounded by private landholdings. It includes an area of [[escarpment]] rising to over {{convert|1000|m}} above sea level that forms part of the Queensland/New South Wales border. It is intended to be a place where the flora and fauna are free from interference from humans, domestic animals and feral pests.
The area includes an [[escarpment]] rising to over {{convert|1000|m}} above sea level that forms part of the Queensland/New South Wales border. Below the cliffs are extensive sub tropical rainforests. The reserve is intended to be a place where the flora and fauna are free from interference from humans, domestic animals and feral pests. The southern edges are bounded by private landholdings.


=== Vegetation ===
=== Vegetation ===


The vegetation is primarily [[sub-tropical]] [[rainforest]] with some wet [[sclerophyll]] forest. An often photographed, triple stemmed and ancient [[Nothofagus moorei|Antarctic Beech]] is situated in the reserve, just south of the state border. The rare rainforest tree [[Eucryphia jinksii|Springbrook Leatherwood]] occurs at Burrigan Point.<ref>{{cite book|author=Floyd, A. G.|authorlink=Alexander Floyd|title=Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia|publisher=Inkata Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-9589436-7-3|page=114}}</ref> The subtropical rainforest at the base of the [[rhyolite]] cliffs is considered outstanding amongst the rainforests of Australia. Soils are enriched with [[basalt]] on a shelf below the Springbrook plateau. Many rare species of plants and unusually tall trees are present beside huge fallen rhyolite blocks. Climbing plants have been recorded at a diameter of one metre.<ref name=floyd>{{cite book|author=Floyd, A. G.|authorlink=Alexander Floyd|title=Australian Rainforests of New South Wales|volume=2|isbn=0-949324-32-9|page=4}}</ref><ref>Luis Weber, rainforest botanist</ref>
The vegetation is primarily [[sub-tropical]] [[rainforest]] with some wet [[sclerophyll]] forest. A group of [[Nothofagus moorei|Antarctic beech]] are at their northernmost limit of natural distribution.<ref>{{cite book|last=Adam|first=Paul|title=New South Wales Rainforests - The Nomination for the World Heritage List|year=1987|publisher=National Parks & Wildlife Service of NSW|isbn=0-7305-2075-7|pages=52}}</ref> The beech trees are in an area of one hectare, within a cool temperate rainforest stand of 2.9 hectares at Best-of-all Lookout in Numinbah Nature Reserve.<ref>{{cite book|author=Floyd, A. G.|author-link=Alexander Floyd|title=Australian Rainforests of New South Wales|volume=1|isbn=0-949324-31-0|page=30}}</ref> Located in a high rainfall area with frequent mist. Many of the trees are in the form of a [[depauperate]] thicket, with stems arising from massive, gnarled, above-ground roots. An often photographed, triple stemmed tree is situated in the reserve, just south of the state border. This plant is considered to be of a great age.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.projectnoah.org/spottings/26607028|type=PDF|title=Antarctic Beech (2500 - 3000 yrs old)|work=Project Noah|number=S.99|access-date=18 January 2018}}</ref>

The rare rainforest tree [[Eucryphia jinksii|Springbrook leatherwood]] occurs in this reserve.<ref>{{cite book|author=Floyd, A. G.|author-link=Alexander Floyd|title=Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia|publisher=Inkata Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-9589436-7-3|page=114}}</ref> The subtropical rainforest at the base of the [[rhyolite]] cliffs is considered outstanding amongst the rainforests of Australia. Particularly at the heads of Pat Smiths Creek, Crystal Creek and Couchy Creek. Soils are enriched with [[basalt]] on a shelf below the Springbrook plateau. Many rare species of plants and unusually tall trees are present beside huge fallen rhyolite blocks. [[Piper novae-hollandiae|Climbing plants]] have been recorded at a diameter of one metre. The rainforest botanist [[A.G.Floyd]] has recorded the following species as record sizes in this nature reserve; [[Argyrodendron actinophyllum|black booyong]], [[Syzygium crebrinerve|purple cherry]], [[Acmena ingens|red lilly pilly]], [[Pseudoweinmannia lachnocarpa|rose marara]] and [[Castanospermum|black bean]].<ref name=floyd>{{cite book|author=Floyd, A. G.|author-link=Alexander Floyd|title=Australian Rainforests of New South Wales|volume=2|isbn=0-949324-32-9|page=4}}</ref><ref>Luis Weber, rainforest botanist</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
Line 80: Line 82:


==External links==
==External links==
*{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/NationalParks/parkHome.aspx?id=N0545|title=Numinbah Nature Reserve|work=Office of Environment & Heritage|publisher=[[Government of New South Wales]]|date= }}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/NationalParks/parkHome.aspx?id=N0545|title=Numinbah Nature Reserve|work=Office of Environment & Heritage|publisher=[[Government of New South Wales]]}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/parks/PoMMountWarningNPEtal.pdf|type=PDF|title=Parks and Reserves of the Tweed Caldera: Plan of management|work=[[National Parks and Wildlife Service (New South Wales)|NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service]]|publisher=[[Government of New South Wales]]|date=2004|isbn=0-7313-6641-7}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/parks/PoMMountWarningNPEtal.pdf|type=PDF|title=Parks and Reserves of the Tweed Caldera: Plan of management|work=[[National Parks and Wildlife Service (New South Wales)|NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service]]|publisher=[[Government of New South Wales]]|date=2004|isbn=0-7313-6641-7}}


Line 93: Line 95:
[[Category:1981 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:1981 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1981]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1981]]


{{NewSouthWales-protected-area-stub}}

Latest revision as of 13:39, 25 January 2024

Numinbah Nature Reserve
New South Wales
Antarctic Beech at Numinbah Nature Reserve
Numinbah Nature Reserve is located in New South Wales
Numinbah Nature Reserve
Numinbah Nature Reserve
Nearest town or citySpringbrook, Queensland
Coordinates28°15′S 153°16′E / 28.250°S 153.267°E / -28.250; 153.267
EstablishedDecember 1981 (1981-12)[1]
Area8.58 km2 (3.3 sq mi)[1]
Managing authoritiesNSW National Parks and Wildlife Service
WebsiteNuminbah Nature Reserve
See alsoProtected areas of
New South Wales

Numinbah Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve that is located in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The reserve was gazetted in December 1981 with a further addition made in 1989 to make the reserve to its current area of 858 hectares (2,120 acres). The reserve is situated north-east of the rural locality of Numinbah, and south of the Queensland town of Springbrook and defines part of the state border between New South Wales and Queensland.

The reserve is part of the Mount Warning/Tweed caldera, situated in the Border Ranges; and is part of the Shield Volcano group of the UNESCO World Heritage–listed Gondwana Rainforests of Australia inscribed in 1986 and added to the Australian National Heritage List in 2007.[2][3][4] It is also part of the Scenic Rim Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance in the conservation of several species of threatened birds.[5]

Description

[edit]

The area includes an escarpment rising to over 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) above sea level that forms part of the Queensland/New South Wales border. Below the cliffs are extensive sub tropical rainforests. The reserve is intended to be a place where the flora and fauna are free from interference from humans, domestic animals and feral pests. The southern edges are bounded by private landholdings.

Vegetation

[edit]

The vegetation is primarily sub-tropical rainforest with some wet sclerophyll forest. A group of Antarctic beech are at their northernmost limit of natural distribution.[6] The beech trees are in an area of one hectare, within a cool temperate rainforest stand of 2.9 hectares at Best-of-all Lookout in Numinbah Nature Reserve.[7] Located in a high rainfall area with frequent mist. Many of the trees are in the form of a depauperate thicket, with stems arising from massive, gnarled, above-ground roots. An often photographed, triple stemmed tree is situated in the reserve, just south of the state border. This plant is considered to be of a great age.[8]

The rare rainforest tree Springbrook leatherwood occurs in this reserve.[9] The subtropical rainforest at the base of the rhyolite cliffs is considered outstanding amongst the rainforests of Australia. Particularly at the heads of Pat Smiths Creek, Crystal Creek and Couchy Creek. Soils are enriched with basalt on a shelf below the Springbrook plateau. Many rare species of plants and unusually tall trees are present beside huge fallen rhyolite blocks. Climbing plants have been recorded at a diameter of one metre. The rainforest botanist A.G.Floyd has recorded the following species as record sizes in this nature reserve; black booyong, purple cherry, red lilly pilly, rose marara and black bean.[10][11]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Numinbah Nature Reserve: Park management". Office of Environment and Heritage. Government of New South Wales. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  2. ^ "Numinbah Nature Reserve: World Heritage". Office of Environment and Heritage. Government of New South Wales. Retrieved 28 September 2014.
  3. ^ Adam, Paul. "New South Wales Rainforests". The Nomination for the World Heritage List. p. 67. ISBN 0-7305-2075-7.
  4. ^ "Gondwana Rainforests of Australia". World Heritage List. UNESCO. Retrieved 9 June 2008.
  5. ^ "Scenic Rim". Important Bird Areas factsheet. BirdLife International. 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  6. ^ Adam, Paul (1987). New South Wales Rainforests - The Nomination for the World Heritage List. National Parks & Wildlife Service of NSW. p. 52. ISBN 0-7305-2075-7.
  7. ^ Floyd, A. G. Australian Rainforests of New South Wales. Vol. 1. p. 30. ISBN 0-949324-31-0.
  8. ^ "Antarctic Beech (2500 - 3000 yrs old)". Project Noah (PDF). Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  9. ^ Floyd, A. G. (2008). Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia. Inkata Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-0-9589436-7-3.
  10. ^ Floyd, A. G. Australian Rainforests of New South Wales. Vol. 2. p. 4. ISBN 0-949324-32-9.
  11. ^ Luis Weber, rainforest botanist
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Numinbah_Nature_Reserve&oldid=1198952154"