Justine Paris: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|French coourtesan}} |
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{{Infobox person |
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| ⚫ | '''Justine Paris''', real name Bienfait (1705{{mdash}} |
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| image = Justine Paris.jpg |
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| alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software --> |
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| birth_name = Bienfait{{sfn|Casanova|1997|p=288}} |
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| birth_date = 1705{{sfn|Casanova|1997|p=288}} |
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| birth_place = |
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| death_date = September {{death date and age|1773|1705}}<ref name="nicolaslefloch" /> |
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| death_place = [[Paris]] |
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| death_cause = [[Syphilis]]<ref name="nicolaslefloch" /> |
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| nationality = French |
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| other_names = |
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| occupation = [[Courtesan]] and [[brothel]] madam |
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| years_active = |
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}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Justine Paris''', real name '''Bienfait''' (1705{{mdash}}September 1773), was a French courtesan and madam. She hosted several of the most famous brothels in mid-18th-century [[Paris]] and was one of the most known and successful of her trade.<ref name="historycollection">{{cite web |title=10 Things That Prove Prostitution Has a Very Intriguing History |url=https://historycollection.co/10-things-that-prove-prostitution-has-a-very-intriguing-history/10/ |website=History Collection |access-date=8 December 2018 |date=13 April 2018}}</ref> She and her brothel are portrayed in the memoirs of [[Giacomo Casanova|Casanova]].{{sfn|Bergreen|2018|pp=127-129}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kushner |first1=Nina |title=The Case of the Closely Watched Courtesans |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/history/2014/04/elite_prostitutes_in_18th_century_paris_and_the_detectives_who_watched_their.html?via=gdpr-consent |website=Slate |access-date=6 August 2018 |date=15 April 2014}}</ref> She has been suggested to be the role model for the title character in ''[[Juliette (novel)|Juliette]]'' by the [[Marquis de Sade]].{{sfn|Bloch|2002|p=69}} |
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==Biography== |
==Biography== |
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Reportedly, she was a successful and internationally known courtesan before she opened the first of several brothels. For twenty years from about 1730, she operated a well-known brothel at Rue de Bagneux, [[Faubourg Saint-Germain]], described as the perhaps most exclusive in contemporary Paris. In 1750, following a riot, she opened a brothel at Hotel du Roule which acquired fame and which was later taken over by Madame Carlier. |
Reportedly, she was a successful and internationally known courtesan before she opened the first of several brothels. For twenty years from about 1730, she operated a well-known brothel at Rue de Bagneux,{{sfn|Casanova|1997|p=288}} [[Faubourg Saint-Germain]], described as the perhaps most exclusive in contemporary Paris. In 1750, following a riot, she opened a brothel at Hotel du Roule which acquired fame{{sfn|Gregg|2018}} and which was later taken over by Madame Carlier.{{sfn|Casanova|1997|p=288}} |
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Her brothel at Hotel du Roule was described by [[Casanova]]. It was located outside the city of Paris, which meant that the clients could not go there by foot, which ensured that they mostly came from the upper class. While most brothels in mid 18th-century Paris had no more than three prostitutes working in |
Her brothel at Hotel du Roule was described by [[Casanova]]. It was located outside the city of Paris, near Chaillot,{{sfn|Bongie|2004|p=116}} which meant that the clients could not go there by foot, which ensured that they mostly came from the upper class.<ref name="historycollection" />{{sfn|Bloch|2002|p=70}} While most brothels in mid 18th-century Paris had no more than three prostitutes working in the brothel at any one time, Justine Paris had 14 and she also employed a master of writing, dance and music to educate them. According to Casanova, she charged by the hour.{{sfn|Bloch|2002|p=70}} As with other madams engaged in elite [[prostitution]] for clients from the nobility, the activity of Justine Paris was tolerated by the police{{sfn|Bloch|2002|p=70}} as long as she functioned as a police agent and kept the police informed about the activity, business and life of their important clients and personnel. |
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The rental of rooms to couples, in which none of the parties were prostitutes, but where their relationship was not accepted, such as in the case of a married woman and her lover, also took place, a service which was to be well known to occur in the famous brothel she was later to found in companionship with Gourdan. She changed staff about every six months, and according to Casanova, she always had prostitutes of a large variety of hair color, length and other different attributes to be able to meet with different forms of preferences from clients. She financed kept mistresses, so called '' |
The rental of rooms to couples, in which none of the parties were prostitutes, but where their relationship was not accepted, such as in the case of a married woman and her lover, also took place,<ref name="historycollection" /> a service which was to be well known to occur in the famous brothel she was later to found in companionship with Gourdan.<ref>{{cite web |title='Harlots' Premieres: 5 of the Most Infamous Brothel Madams |url=https://www.biography.com/news/famous-female-brothel-owners-in-history |website=Biography |access-date=8 December 2018 |language=en-us |date=28 March 2017}}</ref> She changed staff about every six months,<ref name="historycollection" /> and according to Casanova, she always had prostitutes of a large variety of hair color, length and other different attributes to be able to meet with different forms of preferences from clients.{{sfn|Bergreen|2018|pp=128}} She financed kept mistresses, so called ''dames entretenues'' or courtesans, in between patrons; clients could buy a member of her staff free by paying her debts and have her kept as his professional mistress, where the mistress could continue as a professional kept mistress to other wealthy men.<ref name="historycollection" /> |
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In February 1752, Justine Paris was tried and incarcerated accused of having seduced a twelve-year-old from a noble family in a case that attracted attention. In 1773, she met her colleague [[Marguerite Gourdan]] at |
In February 1752, Justine Paris was tried and incarcerated accused of having seduced a twelve-year-old boy from a noble family in a case that attracted attention. In 1773, she met her colleague [[Marguerite Gourdan]] at [[Bicêtre Hospital]] while undergoing a treatment for [[syphilis]].<ref name="nicolaslefloch">{{cite web |title=La maison close de la Gourdan |url=http://www.nicolaslefloch.fr/Lieux/maisonGourdan.html |website=www.nicolaslefloch.fr |access-date=8 December 2018 |language=fr|archive-date=9 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209123618/http://www.nicolaslefloch.fr/Lieux/maisonGourdan.html}}</ref> Together, they founded what was to be the perhaps most famous of all brothels in 18th-century France,{{sfn|Gregg|2018}} on the corner of rue des Deux Portes (now rue Dussoubs) and rue Saint-Sauveur.<ref name="nicolaslefloch" /> However, she died of syphilis in September of that year.<ref name="nicolaslefloch" /> Gourdan gave a funeral oration in her honour on 14 November 1773 at a gathering of Paris's elite prostitutes and madams organised by the [[Louis François, Prince of Conti|Prince of Conti]] at his residence.{{sfn|Bloch|2002|pp=68-69}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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===Inline citations=== |
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{{reflist}} |
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=== |
===Sources=== |
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* {{cite book |last1=Bergreen |first1=Laurence |title=Casanova: The World of a Seductive Genius |date=2018 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=9781476716503 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RNRKDwAAQBAJ&q=justine+paris++Bienfait&pg=PA127 |language=en}} |
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* Nina Kushner, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=IW1UAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT108&dq=gourdan+brothel&hl=sv&sa=X&ei=qngAU_SqGMi6ygOswoLQCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Erotic Exchanges: The World of Elite Prostitution in Eighteenth-Century Paris]'' |
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* {{cite book |last1=Bloch |first1=Iwan |title=Marquis de Sade: His Life and Works |date=2002 |publisher=The Minerva Group, Inc. |isbn=9781589635678 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1y7x7jzpct8C&q=Justine+Paris+gourdan&pg=PA68 |language=en}} |
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* Simon Burrows, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=rEvKtpQ90mEC&pg=PA17&dq=gourdan+brothel&hl=sv&sa=X&ei=qngAU_SqGMi6ygOswoLQCw&ved=0CFQQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=gourdan%20brothel&f=false A King's Ransom: The Life of Charles Thèveneau de Morande, Blackmailer ...]'' |
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* {{cite book |last1= |
* {{cite book |last1=Bongie |first1=Laurence L. |title=From Rogue to Everyman: A Foundling's Journey to the Bastille |date=2004 |publisher=McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP |isbn=9780773572249 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g9C0DiFZfm4C&q=hotel+du+roule+brothel&pg=PA116 |language=en}} |
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* {{cite book |last1=Casanova |first1=Giacomo |title=History of My Life |date=1997 |publisher=JHU Press |isbn=9780801856648 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXFJMLWx7UgC&q=justine&pg=RA1-PA288 |language=en}} |
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* ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXFJMLWx7UgC&pg=RA1-PA288&dq=justine+paris+brothel&hl=sv&sa=X&ei=8PsAU_7IL6L8ygOGhoGYBA&ved=0CEUQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=justine%20paris%20brothel&f=false History of My Life, Giacomo Casanova]'' |
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* {{cite book |last1=Gregg |first1=John R. |title=Sex, the Illustrated History: Through Time, Religion, and Culture: Volume Iii; Sex in the Modern World; Europe from the 17th Century to the 21st Century, Colonial North and South America to the 21st Century, Slavery and Homosexual Histories, and Bisexuality |date=2018 |publisher=Xlibris Corporation |isbn=9781984524195 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M1RnDwAAQBAJ&q=hotel+du+roule+brothel&pg=PT78 |language=en}} |
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{{Prostitution in France|state=collapsed}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Paris, Justine}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Paris, Justine}} |
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[[Category:French courtesans]] |
[[Category:French courtesans]] |
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[[Category:Deaths from syphilis]] |
[[Category:Deaths from syphilis]] |
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[[Category:18th-century French businesswomen]] |
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Latest revision as of 06:33, 17 August 2023
Justine Paris | |
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| Born | Bienfait[1] 1705[1] |
| Died | September 1773 (aged 67–68)[2] |
| Cause of death | Syphilis[2] |
| Nationality | French |
| Occupation(s) | Courtesan and brothel madam |
Justine Paris, real name Bienfait (1705—September 1773), was a French courtesan and madam. She hosted several of the most famous brothels in mid-18th-century Paris and was one of the most known and successful of her trade.[3] She and her brothel are portrayed in the memoirs of Casanova.[4][5] She has been suggested to be the role model for the title character in Juliette by the Marquis de Sade.[6]
Biography
[edit]Reportedly, she was a successful and internationally known courtesan before she opened the first of several brothels. For twenty years from about 1730, she operated a well-known brothel at Rue de Bagneux,[1] Faubourg Saint-Germain, described as the perhaps most exclusive in contemporary Paris. In 1750, following a riot, she opened a brothel at Hotel du Roule which acquired fame[7] and which was later taken over by Madame Carlier.[1]
Her brothel at Hotel du Roule was described by Casanova. It was located outside the city of Paris, near Chaillot,[8] which meant that the clients could not go there by foot, which ensured that they mostly came from the upper class.[3][9] While most brothels in mid 18th-century Paris had no more than three prostitutes working in the brothel at any one time, Justine Paris had 14 and she also employed a master of writing, dance and music to educate them. According to Casanova, she charged by the hour.[9] As with other madams engaged in elite prostitution for clients from the nobility, the activity of Justine Paris was tolerated by the police[9] as long as she functioned as a police agent and kept the police informed about the activity, business and life of their important clients and personnel.
The rental of rooms to couples, in which none of the parties were prostitutes, but where their relationship was not accepted, such as in the case of a married woman and her lover, also took place,[3] a service which was to be well known to occur in the famous brothel she was later to found in companionship with Gourdan.[10] She changed staff about every six months,[3] and according to Casanova, she always had prostitutes of a large variety of hair color, length and other different attributes to be able to meet with different forms of preferences from clients.[11] She financed kept mistresses, so called dames entretenues or courtesans, in between patrons; clients could buy a member of her staff free by paying her debts and have her kept as his professional mistress, where the mistress could continue as a professional kept mistress to other wealthy men.[3]
In February 1752, Justine Paris was tried and incarcerated accused of having seduced a twelve-year-old boy from a noble family in a case that attracted attention. In 1773, she met her colleague Marguerite Gourdan at Bicêtre Hospital while undergoing a treatment for syphilis.[2] Together, they founded what was to be the perhaps most famous of all brothels in 18th-century France,[7] on the corner of rue des Deux Portes (now rue Dussoubs) and rue Saint-Sauveur.[2] However, she died of syphilis in September of that year.[2] Gourdan gave a funeral oration in her honour on 14 November 1773 at a gathering of Paris's elite prostitutes and madams organised by the Prince of Conti at his residence.[12]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Casanova 1997, p. 288.
- ^ a b c d e "La maison close de la Gourdan". www.nicolaslefloch.fr (in French). Archived from the original on 9 December 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
- ^ a b c d e "10 Things That Prove Prostitution Has a Very Intriguing History". History Collection. 13 April 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
- ^ Bergreen 2018, pp. 127–129.
- ^ Kushner, Nina (15 April 2014). "The Case of the Closely Watched Courtesans". Slate. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- ^ Bloch 2002, p. 69.
- ^ a b Gregg 2018.
- ^ Bongie 2004, p. 116.
- ^ a b c Bloch 2002, p. 70.
- ^ "'Harlots' Premieres: 5 of the Most Infamous Brothel Madams". Biography. 28 March 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
- ^ Bergreen 2018, pp. 128.
- ^ Bloch 2002, pp. 68–69.
Sources
[edit]- Bergreen, Laurence (2018). Casanova: The World of a Seductive Genius. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781476716503.
- Bloch, Iwan (2002). Marquis de Sade: His Life and Works. The Minerva Group, Inc. ISBN 9781589635678.
- Bongie, Laurence L. (2004). From Rogue to Everyman: A Foundling's Journey to the Bastille. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. ISBN 9780773572249.
- Casanova, Giacomo (1997). History of My Life. JHU Press. ISBN 9780801856648.
- Gregg, John R. (2018). Sex, the Illustrated History: Through Time, Religion, and Culture: Volume Iii; Sex in the Modern World; Europe from the 17th Century to the 21st Century, Colonial North and South America to the 21st Century, Slavery and Homosexual Histories, and Bisexuality. Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 9781984524195.
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