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{{Short description|Language spoken in China}}
{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name=Enu
|name=Enu
|altname=Ximoluo
|altname=Ximoluo
|states=China
|states=[[China]]
|region=Yunnan
|region=[[Yunnan]]
|ethnicity=[[Hani people|Hani]]
|ethnicity=[[Hani people|Hani]]
|speakers=14,000
|speakers=14,000
|date=2009
|date=2009
|ref=<ref>Jiang, et. al 2009</ref>
|ref={{sfnp|Jiang|Cui|Qiao|2009}}
|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan
|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan
|fam2=([[Tibeto-Burman languages|Tibeto-Burman]])
|fam2=[[Tibeto-Burman languages|Tibeto-Burman]]
|fam3=[[Lolo–Burmese languages|Lolo–Burmese]]
|fam3=[[Lolo–Burmese languages|Lolo–Burmese]]
|fam4=[[Loloish languages|Loloish]]
|fam4=[[Loloish languages|Loloish]]
Line 19: Line 20:
|glottorefname=Enu}}
|glottorefname=Enu}}


'''Enu''' or '''Ximoluo''' ({{zh|西摩洛}}; autonym: ''{{IPA|ŋɔ˧˩ŋjv̩˧˩}}'' (Jiang, et al. 2009:4)) is a [[Hanoish languages|Hanoish]] language of the Bi-Ka branch spoken by 14,000 people of the [[Hani people|Hani]] ethnic group (Jiang, et al. 2009). It is spoken in the counties of Mojiang, Jiangcheng, and Luchun in Yunnan, China.
'''Enu''' or '''Ximoluo''' ({{zh|s=西摩洛语|p=Xīmóluòyǔ}}; autonym: ''{{IPA|ŋɔ31 ŋjv̩31}}''{{sfnp|Jiang|Cui|Qiao|2009|page=4}}) is a [[Hanoish languages|Hanoish]] language of the Bi-Ka branch spoken by 14,000 people of the [[Hani people|Hani]] ethnic group.{{sfnp|Jiang|Cui|Qiao|2009}} It is spoken in the counties of [[Mojiang Hani Autonomous County|Mojiang]], [[Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County|Jiangcheng]], and [[Lüchun County|Luchun]] in [[Yunnan]], China.


==Distribution==
==Distribution==
Ximoluo is spoken mostly in Yayi Township 雅邑乡, south-central [[Mojiang County]], where most of the locals are classified as ethnic Hani, Han, Yi, and Dai (Jiang, et al. 2009:4). There are more than 8,000 Ximoluo people in Yayi Township, in the villages of Yayi 雅邑,<ref>http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178218</ref> Xuka 徐卡,<ref>http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178323</ref> Nanwen 南温,<ref>http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178296</ref> Zuoxi 座细,<ref>http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178209</ref> and Nanniwan 南泥湾,<ref>http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178284</ref> and also smaller numbers in Xialuopu 下洛浦,<ref>http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178223</ref> Baga 巴嘎,<ref>http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178231</ref> and Bali 坝利.<ref>http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=267473</ref>
Ximoluo is spoken mostly in Yayi Township (雅邑乡), south-central [[Mojiang County]], where most of the locals are classified as ethnic Hani, Han, Yi, and Dai.{{sfnp|Jiang|Cui|Qiao|2009|page=4}} There are more than 8,000 Ximoluo people in Yayi Township, in the villages of Yayi (雅邑),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Yǎyì Cūnwěihuì |script-title=zh:墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡雅邑村委会 |trans-title=Yayi Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County |url=http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178218 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225125957/http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178218 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |access-date=2018-12-30 |website=ynszxc.net |language=zh}}</ref> Xuka (徐卡),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Xúkǎ Cūnwěihuì |script-title=zh:墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡徐卡村委会 |trans-title=Xuka Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County |url=http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178323 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225130019/http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178323 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |access-date=2018-12-30 |website=ynszxc.net |language=zh}}</ref> Nanwen (南温),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Nánwēn Cūnwěihuì |script-title=zh:墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡南温村委会 |trans-title=Nanwen Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County |url=http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178296 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225125946/http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178296 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |access-date=2018-12-30 |website=ynszxc.net |language=zh}}</ref> Zuoxi (座细),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Zuòxì Cūnwěihuì |script-title=zh:墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡座细村委会 |trans-title=Zuoxi Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County |url=http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178209 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225130004/http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178209 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |access-date=2018-12-30 |website=ynszxc.net |language=zh}}</ref> and Nanniwan (南泥湾),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Nánníwān Cūnwěihuì |script-title=zh:墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡南泥湾村委会 |trans-title=Nanniwan Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County |url=http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178284 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225130015/http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178284 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |access-date=2018-12-30 |website=ynszxc.net |language=zh}}</ref> and also smaller numbers in Xialuopu (下洛浦),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Xiàluòfǔ Cūnwěihuì |script-title=zh:墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡下洛甫村委会 |trans-title=Xialuofu Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County |url=http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178223 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225130000/http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178223 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |access-date=2018-12-30 |website=ynszxc.net |language=zh}}</ref> Baga (巴嘎),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Bāgā Cūnwěihuì |script-title=zh:墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡巴嘎村委会 |trans-title=Baga Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County |url=http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178231 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225130011/http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=178231 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |access-date=2018-12-30 |website=ynszxc.net |language=zh}}</ref> and Bali (坝利).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Bàlì Cūnwěihuì |script-title=zh:墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡坝利村委会 |trans-title=Bali Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County |url=http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=267473 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225130008/http://www.ynszxc.net/villagePage/vIndex.aspx?departmentid=267473 |archive-date=2018-12-25 |access-date=2018-12-30 |website=ynszxc.net |language=zh}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
*Jiang Ying [蒋颖], Cui Xia [崔霞], Qiao Xiang [乔翔]. 2009. ''A study of Ximoluo'' [西摩洛语研究]. Beijing: Ethnic Publishing House [民族出版社].
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

==Works cited==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book |last=Jiang |first=Ying 蒋颖 |title=Xīmóluòyǔ yánjiū |last2=Cui |first2=Xia 崔霞 |last3=Qiao |first3=Xiang 乔翔 |publisher=Minzu chubanshe |year=2009 |location=Beijing |language=zh |script-title=zh:西摩洛语研究 |trans-title=A Study of Ximoluo}}
{{refend}}


{{Languages of China}}
{{Languages of China}}
Line 33: Line 38:


[[Category:Southern Loloish languages]]
[[Category:Southern Loloish languages]]
[[Category:Languages of China]]
[[Category:Languages of Yunnan]]

Latest revision as of 10:11, 4 June 2023

Enu
Ximoluo
Native toChina
RegionYunnan
EthnicityHani
Native speakers
14,000 (2009)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3enu
Glottologenuu1235

Enu or Ximoluo (Chinese: 西摩洛语; pinyin: Xīmóluòyǔ; autonym: ŋɔ31 ŋjv̩31[2]) is a Hanoish language of the Bi-Ka branch spoken by 14,000 people of the Hani ethnic group.[1] It is spoken in the counties of Mojiang, Jiangcheng, and Luchun in Yunnan, China.

Distribution

[edit]

Ximoluo is spoken mostly in Yayi Township (雅邑乡), south-central Mojiang County, where most of the locals are classified as ethnic Hani, Han, Yi, and Dai.[2] There are more than 8,000 Ximoluo people in Yayi Township, in the villages of Yayi (雅邑),[3] Xuka (徐卡),[4] Nanwen (南温),[5] Zuoxi (座细),[6] and Nanniwan (南泥湾),[7] and also smaller numbers in Xialuopu (下洛浦),[8] Baga (巴嘎),[9] and Bali (坝利).[10]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Jiang, Cui & Qiao (2009).
  2. ^ a b Jiang, Cui & Qiao (2009), p. 4.
  3. ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Yǎyì Cūnwěihuì" 墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡雅邑村委会 [Yayi Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
  4. ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Xúkǎ Cūnwěihuì" 墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡徐卡村委会 [Xuka Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
  5. ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Nánwēn Cūnwěihuì" 墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡南温村委会 [Nanwen Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
  6. ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Zuòxì Cūnwěihuì" 墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡座细村委会 [Zuoxi Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
  7. ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Nánníwān Cūnwěihuì" 墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡南泥湾村委会 [Nanniwan Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
  8. ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Xiàluòfǔ Cūnwěihuì" 墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡下洛甫村委会 [Xialuofu Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
  9. ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Bāgā Cūnwěihuì" 墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡巴嘎村委会 [Baga Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
  10. ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Yǎyì Xiāng Bàlì Cūnwěihuì" 墨江哈尼族自治县雅邑乡坝利村委会 [Bali Village Committee, Yayi Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2018-12-30.

Works cited

[edit]
  • Jiang, Ying 蒋颖; Cui, Xia 崔霞; Qiao, Xiang 乔翔 (2009). Xīmóluòyǔ yánjiū 西摩洛语研究 [A Study of Ximoluo] (in Chinese). Beijing: Minzu chubanshe.
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