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{{Short description|Dutch painter (1614–1670)}}
[[Image:Jacob Van Loo Self Portrait.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Self-portrait]] of Jacob van Loo, ca. 1660.]]
[[Image:Jacob Van Loo Self Portrait.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Self-portrait]] of Jacob van Loo, ca. 1660.]]


'''Jacob van Loo''' (1614 – 26 November 1670) was a [[Painting|painter]] of the [[Dutch Golden Age]], chiefly active in Amsterdam and, after 1660, in Paris. Van Loo is known for his conversational groupings; particularly his mythological and biblical scenes generally attributed to the genre of [[History painting]]. He was especially celebrated for the quality of his nudes to the extent that, during his lifetime, particularly his female figures were said to have been considered superior and more popular than those of his Amsterdam contemporary and competitor [[Rembrandt]].<ref name="Pilkington">Pilkington, Matthew, A.M, ''A General Dictionary of Painters'', vol II, London 1829, p.485.</ref><ref>Sluijter, Eric Jan, ''Rembrandt and the Female Nude'', Amsterdam University Press, 2006, p.245</ref> In 1663, three years after fleeing to Paris, Jacob van Loo was accepted into the [[Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture]].<ref>Raupp, Hans Joachim, ''Historien und Allegorien: Niederlaendische Malerei des 17. Jahrhunderts'', Lit Verlag Muenster, 2010, p.220.</ref>
'''Jacob van Loo''' (1614 – 26 November 1670) was a [[Painting|painter]] of the [[Dutch Golden Age]]. Van Loo is known for his conversational groupings, his use of a subtle color palette and his nudes. He was the founder of the [[Van Loo]] family of painters.

Though his father also painted, Jacob's success ensured that he would forever be referred to as the founder of the [[Van Loo]] family of painters; a dynasty which was influential in French and European painting from the 17th to the beginning of the 19th century.<ref name="Pilkington"/>


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
Van Loo was born in [[Sluis]], [[Zeeland]], in the [[Dutch Republic]]. Some sources have speculated that his father, Jan van Loo, may have been a notary,<ref>Blankert, A. (1999) Hollands Classicisme in de zeventiende-eeuwse schilderkunst, p. 164.</ref> but more often his father is described as a painter from whom Jacob van Loo received his early training. Little is known of Van Loo’s early history due to the destruction of the city archives in Sluis during World War II.
Van Loo was born in [[Sluis]], a town in the [[Dutch Republic]]. Some sources have speculated that his father, Jan van Loo, may have been a [[notary]],<ref>Blankert, A. (1999) Hollands Classicisme in de zeventiende-eeuwse schilderkunst, p. 164.</ref> but more often his father is described as a painter from whom Jacob van Loo received his early training. Little is known of van Loo's early history due to the destruction of the city archives in Sluis during World War II. His early influences are said to have included [[Thomas de Keyser]] and [[Jacob Adriaensz Backer]].


[[File:Loo Ariadne.jpg|upright|thumb|left|''Ariadne'' (1652). [[Wilanów Palace]], [[Warsaw]]]]
[[File:Loo Ariadne.jpg|upright|thumb|left|''Ariadne'' (1652). [[Wilanów Palace]], [[Warsaw]]]]


===Family life===
His early influences included [[Thomas de Keyser]] and [[Jacob Adriaensz Backer]]. In 1642, van Loo moved to [[Amsterdam]], where his contemporaries included [[Rembrandt]], [[Frans Hals]], and [[Bartholomeus van der Helst]]. In 1643 he married Anna Lengele, the sister of the painter Martinus Lengele (1604–1668). The couple had six children.<ref>[http://www.wga.hu/bio_m/l/loo/jacob/biograph.html Web Gallery of Art]</ref> They lived on Rozengracht in the [[Jordaan]] district of Amsterdam. [[Eglon van der Neer]] became one of his pupils. In 1660, Van Loo fled the city after fatally stabbing someone during an altercation at an inn. He was sentenced to death in absentia which forever prevented his return to [[Holland]].<ref name = NIAH>[http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/dispatcher.aspx?action=search&database=ChoiceArtists&search=priref=50782 Loo, Jacob van] at the Netherlands Institute for Art History.</ref> Van Loo settled in Paris, where he was admitted to the ''[[Académie de peinture et de sculpture]]''. He died in Paris in 1670.
In 1635, van Loo moved to [[Amsterdam]],<ref name="Bredius">Bredius, 1916: A.Bredius, ''Waerom Jacob van Loo in 1660 Amsterdam verliet'', (Oud Holland 34, 1916, pp.47-52), p.49.</ref> In 1642 he married Anna Lengele, the sister of the painter [[Martinus Lengele]] (1604–1668).<ref name="Bredius"/> The couple had six children, including the painters Jean van Loo and his better known brother [[Louis-Abraham van Loo]]. Their grandsons, [[Jean-Baptiste van Loo]] and [[Charles-André van Loo]] were among the most famous French painters of the 18th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wga.hu/bio_m/l/loo/jacob/biograph.html|title=Biography|work=wga.hu}}</ref> They lived on [[Rozengracht]] in the [[Jordaan]] district of Amsterdam.


===Professional practice===
Van Loo's work was done in the [[Baroque]] style that had originated in [[Rome]] and popular throughout Europe. He was a major influence on [[Johannes Vermeer]] as can be seen in Vermeer’s painting, ''[[Diana and Her Companions]]''.
In Amsterdam, van Loo found himself at the centre of an active and competitive circle of artists, which included [[Rembrandt]], [[Frans Hals]] and [[Bartholomeus van der Helst]]. Around 1640 [[Eglon van der Neer]] entered his studio as an apprentice and remained his student for a decade. In 1652 van Loo bought himself citizenship (''burgerrecht'') of the city of Amsterdam. It was speculated that he did so in the hope of being commissioned to help decorate the newly constructed town hall.<ref name="Bredius"/> In 1654, a poem by [[Jan Vos (poet)|Jan Vos]] counted van Loo among the most significant of Dutch painters, alongside Rembrandt and van der Helst.<ref name="Bredius"/>


The greater part of van Loo's oeuvre was done in the [[Baroque]] style that had originated in [[Rome]] and had been popularised throughout Europe. He is often referred to as a major influence on [[Johannes Vermeer]], evidence of which can be seen by comparing Vermeer's painting of ''[[Diana and Her Companions]]'' with van Loo's 1648 version of the same subject (not the 1654 version of ''Diana and her nymphs'' often used to dispute the claim of direct influence.)<ref>Wheelock, Arthur K., Jr., editor (1995). Johannes Vermeer. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp 96-101. {{ISBN|978-0-300-06558-9}}. pp.96-97.</ref>
⚫
Van Loo painted many portraits. Among his subjects were [[Joan Huydecoper II|Johan Huydecoper van Maarseveen]]; his sister, Leonara Huydecoper, who was married to [[Jan J. Hinlopen]]; Joan Ortt, who was later involved with [[Antoinette Bourignon]]; and his wife Lucretia Boudaen.


⚫
Van Loo painted many portraits. Among his subjects were [[Joan Huydecoper II|Johan Huydecoper van Maarseveen]]; his sister, Leonara Huydecoper, who was married to [[Jan J. Hinlopen]]; Joan Ortt, who was later involved with [[Antoinette Bourignon]]; and his wife Lucretia Boudaen.
Jacob van Loo's son, Louis Abraham van Loo, was also a painter, as were his grandsons, [[Jean-Baptiste van Loo]] and [[Charles-André van Loo]].

===Flight to Paris===
In 1660, van Loo fled from Amsterdam after fatally stabbing someone during an altercation at an inn. He was sentenced to death ''[[Trial in absentia|in absentia]]'' which forever prevented his return to the Dutch Republic.<ref name=NIAH>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303201140/https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/50782 Loo, Jacob van] at the Netherlands Institute for Art History.</ref> Van Loo settled in Paris, where, in 1663, he was admitted to the ''[[Académie de peinture et de sculpture]]''. He died in Paris in 1670, three years after the van Loo family were [[Naturalization|naturalised]] as French citizens.


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="168" caption="Works by Jacob van Loo">
<gallery>
Image:Meebeeck Cruywagen Family by Van Loo.jpg|Meebeeck Cruywagen Family, c. 1640-45.
Image:Meebeeck Cruywagen Family by Van Loo.jpg|Meebeeck Cruywagen Family, c. 1640-45.
Image:Van Loo-Compagnie-Faisant-de-la-Musique-.jpg|A concert.
Image:Jacob van Loo - Concert - WGA13434.jpg|A concert, 1652.
Image:Danae by Van Loo.jpg|[[Danaë]]
Image:Danae by Van Loo.jpg|[[Danaë]], after 1640.
File:La Mélancolie, Van Loo.jpg|[[Melancholy]]
File:La Mélancolie, Van Loo.jpg|[[Melancholia|Melancholy]], after 1660.
Image:VanLooYoungWomanGoingToBed.jpg|Young woman going to bed, c. 1650.
Image:VanLooYoungWomanGoingToBed.jpg|Young woman going to bed, c. 1650.
Image:Van Loo Naked Man and Woman.jpg|Naked man and woman, 1650s.
Image:Van Loo Naked Man and Woman.jpg|Male and Female nudes, 1650s.
Image:DianaAndHerNymphsByVanLoo.jpg|[[Diana (mythology)|Diana]] and her [[Nymphs]], 1654.
Image:DianaAndHerNymphsByVanLoo.jpg|[[Diana (mythology)|Diana]] and her [[Nymphs]], 1654.
Image:VanLooPortraitOfAGentleman1668.jpg|Portrait of a gentleman, 1668.
Image:VanLooPortraitOfAGentleman1668.jpg|Portrait of a gentleman, 1668.
File:Danae by Jacob van Loo.jpg|Danae, 1650.
File:Bacchic Scene by Van Loo.jpg|Bacchic Scene, 1653.
<!-- File:The French Royal Family in circa 1663 by Jacob van Loo.png|The French Royal Family, circa 1663. -->
File:Loo Jacob van, Diana, 1648.jpg|Diana and her nymphs, 1648.
</gallery>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references responsive />


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Jacob van Loo}}
{{Commons-inline}}
* [http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500007433 Record at Getty Research]
* [http://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500007433 Record at Getty Research]
* [http://artmuseum.msu.edu/collections/recent/vanloo.htm Biography from Kresge Art Gallery]
* [http://artmuseum.msu.edu/collections/recent/vanloo.htm Biography from Kresge Art Gallery] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090122234806/http://artmuseum.msu.edu/collections/recent/vanloo.htm |date=2009-01-22 }}
* [http://www.alazraki.com/factpages/loofact.html Biography at Daphne Alazraki Fine Art]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080725032753/http://www.alazraki.com/factpages/loofact.html Biography at Daphne Alazraki Fine Art]
* [http://www.pubhist.com/person/377/jacob-van-loo Works and literature on Jacob van Loo]
* [http://www.pubhist.com/person/377/jacob-van-loo Works and literature on Jacob van Loo]


{{ACArt}}
{{Authority control|VIAF=95460534}}

{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Loo, Jacob Van
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Dutch painter
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1614
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 26 November 1670
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Loo, Jacob Van}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Loo, Jacob Van}}
[[Category:1614 births|Van Loo, Jacob]]
[[Category:1614 births]]
[[Category:1670 deaths|Van Loo, Jacob]]
[[Category:1670 deaths]]
[[Category:Dutch Golden Age painters]]
[[Category:Dutch Golden Age painters]]
[[Category:Dutch male painters]]
[[Category:People from Sluis]]
[[Category:People from Sluis]]
[[Category:Portrait artists|Van Loo, Jacob]]
[[Category:Dutch portrait painters]]
[[Category:Flemish portrait painters]]

Latest revision as of 06:27, 19 February 2023

Self-portrait of Jacob van Loo, ca. 1660.

Jacob van Loo (1614 – 26 November 1670) was a painter of the Dutch Golden Age, chiefly active in Amsterdam and, after 1660, in Paris. Van Loo is known for his conversational groupings; particularly his mythological and biblical scenes generally attributed to the genre of History painting. He was especially celebrated for the quality of his nudes to the extent that, during his lifetime, particularly his female figures were said to have been considered superior and more popular than those of his Amsterdam contemporary and competitor Rembrandt.[1][2] In 1663, three years after fleeing to Paris, Jacob van Loo was accepted into the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture.[3]

Though his father also painted, Jacob's success ensured that he would forever be referred to as the founder of the Van Loo family of painters; a dynasty which was influential in French and European painting from the 17th to the beginning of the 19th century.[1]

Biography

[edit]

Van Loo was born in Sluis, a town in the Dutch Republic. Some sources have speculated that his father, Jan van Loo, may have been a notary,[4] but more often his father is described as a painter from whom Jacob van Loo received his early training. Little is known of van Loo's early history due to the destruction of the city archives in Sluis during World War II. His early influences are said to have included Thomas de Keyser and Jacob Adriaensz Backer.

Ariadne (1652). Wilanów Palace, Warsaw

Family life

[edit]

In 1635, van Loo moved to Amsterdam,[5] In 1642 he married Anna Lengele, the sister of the painter Martinus Lengele (1604–1668).[5] The couple had six children, including the painters Jean van Loo and his better known brother Louis-Abraham van Loo. Their grandsons, Jean-Baptiste van Loo and Charles-André van Loo were among the most famous French painters of the 18th century.[6] They lived on Rozengracht in the Jordaan district of Amsterdam.

Professional practice

[edit]

In Amsterdam, van Loo found himself at the centre of an active and competitive circle of artists, which included Rembrandt, Frans Hals and Bartholomeus van der Helst. Around 1640 Eglon van der Neer entered his studio as an apprentice and remained his student for a decade. In 1652 van Loo bought himself citizenship (burgerrecht) of the city of Amsterdam. It was speculated that he did so in the hope of being commissioned to help decorate the newly constructed town hall.[5] In 1654, a poem by Jan Vos counted van Loo among the most significant of Dutch painters, alongside Rembrandt and van der Helst.[5]

The greater part of van Loo's oeuvre was done in the Baroque style that had originated in Rome and had been popularised throughout Europe. He is often referred to as a major influence on Johannes Vermeer, evidence of which can be seen by comparing Vermeer's painting of Diana and Her Companions with van Loo's 1648 version of the same subject (not the 1654 version of Diana and her nymphs often used to dispute the claim of direct influence.)[7]

Van Loo painted many portraits. Among his subjects were Johan Huydecoper van Maarseveen; his sister, Leonara Huydecoper, who was married to Jan J. Hinlopen; Joan Ortt, who was later involved with Antoinette Bourignon; and his wife Lucretia Boudaen.

Flight to Paris

[edit]

In 1660, van Loo fled from Amsterdam after fatally stabbing someone during an altercation at an inn. He was sentenced to death in absentia which forever prevented his return to the Dutch Republic.[8] Van Loo settled in Paris, where, in 1663, he was admitted to the Académie de peinture et de sculpture. He died in Paris in 1670, three years after the van Loo family were naturalised as French citizens.

[edit]
  • Works by Jacob van Loo
  • Meebeeck Cruywagen Family, c. 1640-45.
    Meebeeck Cruywagen Family, c. 1640-45.
  • A concert, 1652.
    A concert, 1652.
  • Danaë, after 1640.
    Danaë, after 1640.
  • Melancholy, after 1660.
    Melancholy, after 1660.
  • Young woman going to bed, c. 1650.
    Young woman going to bed, c. 1650.
  • Male and Female nudes, 1650s.
    Male and Female nudes, 1650s.
  • Diana and her Nymphs, 1654.
    Diana and her Nymphs, 1654.
  • Portrait of a gentleman, 1668.
    Portrait of a gentleman, 1668.
  • Danae, 1650.
    Danae, 1650.
  • Bacchic Scene, 1653.
    Bacchic Scene, 1653.
  • Diana and her nymphs, 1648.
    Diana and her nymphs, 1648.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Pilkington, Matthew, A.M, A General Dictionary of Painters, vol II, London 1829, p.485.
  2. ^ Sluijter, Eric Jan, Rembrandt and the Female Nude, Amsterdam University Press, 2006, p.245
  3. ^ Raupp, Hans Joachim, Historien und Allegorien: Niederlaendische Malerei des 17. Jahrhunderts, Lit Verlag Muenster, 2010, p.220.
  4. ^ Blankert, A. (1999) Hollands Classicisme in de zeventiende-eeuwse schilderkunst, p. 164.
  5. ^ a b c d Bredius, 1916: A.Bredius, Waerom Jacob van Loo in 1660 Amsterdam verliet, (Oud Holland 34, 1916, pp.47-52), p.49.
  6. ^ "Biography". wga.hu.
  7. ^ Wheelock, Arthur K., Jr., editor (1995). Johannes Vermeer. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp 96-101. ISBN 978-0-300-06558-9. pp.96-97.
  8. ^ Loo, Jacob van at the Netherlands Institute for Art History.
[edit]

Media related to Jacob van Loo at Wikimedia Commons

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