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{{short description|Elections for the second Knesset}}
{{Infobox Israeli Election
{{Infobox legislative election
| election_name = Elections for the 2nd Knesset
| election_name = Elections for the 2nd Knesset
| previous_election = [[Israeli legislative election, 1949|1949]]
| previous_election = [[1949 Israeli legislative election|1949]]
| next_election = [[Israeli legislative election, 1955|1955]]
| next_election = [[1955 Israeli legislative election|1955]]
| election_date = 30 July 1951
| election_date = 30 July 1951
| turnout = 75.1%

| country = Israel
<!--party1-->
<!--party1-->
| party1 = [[Mapai]]
| party1 = Mapai
| party_chairman1 = [[David Ben-Gurion]]
| leader1 = [[David Ben-Gurion]]
| seats1 = 45
| seats1 = 45
| seats1 before = 46
| last_election1 = 46
| votes1 = 256,456
| votes1 = 256,456
| percentage1 =37.3%
| percentage1 = 37.3

<!--party2-->
<!--party2-->
| party2 = [[General Zionists]]
| party2 = General Zionists
| party_chairman2 = [[Israel Rokach]]
| leader2 = [[Israel Rokach]]
| seats2 = 20
| seats2 = 20
| seats2 before = 7
| last_election2 = 7
| votes2 = 111,394
| votes2 = 111,394
| percentage2 =16.2%
| percentage2 = 16.2

<!--party3-->
<!--party3-->
| party3 = [[Mapam]]
| party3 = Mapam
| party_chairman3 = [[Meir Ya'ari]]
| leader3 = [[Meir Ya'ari]]
| seats3 = 15
| seats3 = 15
| seats3 before = 19
| last_election3 = 19
| votes3 = 86,095
| votes3 = 86,095
| percentage3 =12.5%
| percentage3 = 12.5

<!--party4-->
<!--party4-->
| party4 = [[Hapoel HaMizrachi]]
| party4 = Hapoel HaMizrachi
| party_chairman4 = [[Haim-Moshe Shapira]]
| leader4 = [[Haim-Moshe Shapira]]
| seats4 = 8
| seats4 = 8
| seats4 before =
| last_election4 =
| votes4 = 46,347
| votes4 = 46,347
| percentage4 =6.8%
| percentage4 = 6.8

<!--party5-->
<!--party5-->
| party5 = [[Herut]]
| party5 = Herut
| party_chairman5 = [[Menachem Begin]]
| leader5 = [[Menachem Begin]]
| seats5 = 8
| seats5 = 8
| seats5 before = 14
| last_election5 = 14
| votes5 = 45,651
| votes5 = 45,651
| percentage5 =6.6%
| percentage5 = 6.6

<!--party6-->
<!--party6-->
| party6 = [[Maki]]
| party6 = Maki (historical political party)
| party_chairman6 = [[Shmuel Mikunis]]
| leader6 = [[Shmuel Mikunis]]
| seats6 = 5
| seats6 = 5
| seats6 before = 4
| last_election6 = 4
| votes6 = 27,334
| votes6 = 27,334
| percentage6 =4.0%
| percentage6 = 4.0

<!--party7-->
<!--party7-->
| party7 = [[Progressive Party (Israel)|Progressive Party]]
| party7 = Progressive Party (Israel)
| party_chairman7 = [[Pinchas Rosen]]
| leader7 = [[Pinchas Rosen]]
| seats7 = 4
| seats7 = 4
| seats7 before = 5
| last_election7 = 5
| votes7 = 22,171
| votes7 = 22,171
| percentage7 =3.2%
| percentage7 = 3.2

<!--party8-->
<!--party8-->
| party8 = [[Democratic List for Israeli Arabs]]
| party8 = Democratic List for Israeli Arabs
| party_chairman8 = [[Seif el-Din el-Zoubi]]
| leader8 = [[Seif el-Din el-Zoubi]]
| seats8 = 3
| seats8 = 3
| seats8 before = 2
| last_election8 = 2
| votes8 = 16,370
| votes8 = 16,370
| percentage8 =2.0%
| percentage8 = 2.0

<!--party9-->
<!--party9-->
| party9 = [[Agudat Yisrael]]
| party9 = Agudat Yisrael
| party_chairman9 = [[Yitzhak-Meir Levin]]
| leader9 = [[Yitzhak-Meir Levin]]
| seats9 = 3
| seats9 = 3
| seats9 before =
| last_election9 =
| votes9 = 13,799
| votes9 = 13,799
| percentage9 =2.0%
| percentage9 = 2.0

<!--party10-->
<!--party10-->
| party10 = [[Sephardim and Oriental Communities]]
| party10 = Sephardim and Oriental Communities
| party_chairman10 = [[Eliyahu Eliashar]]
| leader10 = [[Eliyahu Eliashar]]
| seats10 = 2
| seats10 = 2
| seats10 before = 4
| last_election10 = 4
| votes10 = 12,002
| votes10 = 12,002
| percentage10 =1.8%
| percentage10 = 1.8

<!--party11-->
<!--party11-->
| party11 = [[Poalei Agudat Yisrael]]
| party11 = Poalei Agudat Yisrael
| party_chairman11 = [[Binyamin Mintz]]
| leader11 = [[Binyamin Mintz]]
| seats11 = 2
| seats11 = 2
| seats11 before =
| last_election11 =
| votes11 = 11,194
| votes11 = 11,194
| percentage11 =1.6%
| percentage11 = 1.6

<!--party12-->
<!--party12-->
| party12 = [[Mizrachi (political party)|Mizrachi]]
| party12 = Mizrachi (political party)
| party_chairman12 = [[David-Zvi Pinkas]]
| leader12 = [[David-Zvi Pinkas]]
| seats12 = 2
| seats12 = 2
| seats12 before =
| last_election12 =
| votes12 = 10,383
| votes12 = 10,383
| percentage12 =1.5%
| percentage12 = 1.5

<!--party13-->
<!--party13-->
| party13 = [[Progress and Work]]
| party13 = Progress and Work
| party_chairman13 = [[Salah-Hassan Hanifes]]
| leader13 = {{nowrap|[[Salah-Hassan Hanifes]]}}
| seats13 = 1
| seats13 = 1
| seats13 before =
| last_election13 = new
| votes13 = 8,067
| votes13 = 8,067
| percentage13 =1.2%
| percentage13 = 1.2

<!--party14-->
<!--party14-->
| party14 = [[Yemenite Association]]
| party14 = Yemenite Association
| party_chairman14 = [[Shimon Garidi]]
| leader14 = [[Shimon Garidi]]
| seats14 = 1
| seats14 = 1
| seats14 before = 1
| last_election14 = 1
| votes14 = 7,965
| votes14 = 7,965
| percentage14 =1.2%
| percentage14 = 1.2

<!--party15-->
<!--party15-->
| party15 = [[Agriculture and Development]]
| party15 = Agriculture and Development
| party_chairman15 = [[Faras Hamdan]]
| leader15 = [[Faras Hamdan]]
| seats15 = 1
| seats15 = 1
| seats15 before =
| last_election15 = new
| votes15 = 7,851
| votes15 = 7,851
| percentage15 =1.1%
| percentage15 = 1.1
| title = [[Prime Minister of Israel|Prime Minister]]

| PM_before_election = [[David Ben-Gurion]]
| before_election = [[David Ben-Gurion]]
| before_party = [[Mapai]]
| before_party = [[Mapai]]
| PM_after_election = [[David Ben-Gurion]]
| after_election = [[David Ben-Gurion]]
| after_party = [[Mapai]]
| after_party = [[Mapai]]
|}}
}}
[[Image:Weizmann Voting.jpg|thumb|200px|President [[Chaim Weizmann]] votes]]
[[Image:Weizmann Voting.jpg|thumb|200px|President [[Chaim Weizmann]] votes]]
[[File:BeduinElect51.jpg|thumb|Bedouin man votes]]
[[File:BeduinElect51.jpg|thumb|Bedouin man votes]]
Elections for the second Knesset were held in [[Israel]] on 30 July 1951. Voter turnout was 75.1%.<ref>[[Dieter Nohlen]], Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p123 {{ISBN|0-19-924958-X}}</ref>

'''[[Elections in Israel|Elections]] for the second Knesset''' were held in [[Israel]] on 30 July 1951. Voter turnout was 75.1%.<ref>Nohlen, D, Grotz, F & Hartmann, C (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I'', p123 ISBN 0-19-924958-X</ref>


==Results==
==Results==
{{Election results
|image=[[File:1951 Knesset.svg]]
|party1=[[Mapai]]|votes1=256456|seats1=45|sc1=−1
|party2=[[General Zionists]]|votes2=111394|seats2=20|sc2=+13
|party3=[[Mapam]]|votes3=86095|seats3=15|sc3=−4
|party4=[[Hapoel HaMizrachi]]|votes4=46347|seats4=8|sc4=+1
|party5=[[Herut]]|votes5=45651|seats5=8|sc5=−6
|party6=[[Maki (historical political party)|Maki]]|votes6=27334|seats6=5|sc6=+1
|party7=[[Progressive Party (Israel)|Progressive Party]]|votes7=22171|seats7=4|sc7=−1
|party8=[[Democratic List for Israeli Arabs]]|votes8=16370|seats8=3|sc8=New
|party9=[[Agudat Yisrael]]|votes9=13799|seats9=3|sc9=+1
|party10=[[Sephardim and Oriental Communities]]|votes10=12002|seats10=2|sc10=−2
|party11=[[Poalei Agudat Yisrael]]|votes11=11194|seats11=2|sc11=−1
|party12=[[Mizrachi (political party)|Mizrachi]]|votes12=10383|seats12=2|sc12=−2
|party13=[[Progress and Work]]|votes13=8067|seats13=1|sc13=New
|party14=[[Yemenite Association]]|votes14=7965|seats14=1|sc14=0
|party15=[[Agriculture and Development]]|votes15=7851|seats15=1|sc15=New
|party16=Sepharadim-Ashkenazim Unity|votes16=4038|seats16=0|sc16=New
|party17=For New Immigrants and Freed Soldiers|votes17=375|seats17=0|sc17=New
|invalid=7515
|total_sc=0
|electorate=924885
|source=[https://en.idi.org.il/israeli-elections-and-parties/elections/1951/ IDI], Nohlen ''et al.''
}}


==Aftermath==
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
The second Knesset was highly unstable, with four separate governments, two different [[Prime Minister of Israel|Prime Ministers]] and several defections; [[Rostam Bastuni]], [[Avraham Berman]] and [[Moshe Sneh]] left Mapam and set up the [[Left Faction]]. Bastuni later returned to Mapam whilst Berman and Sneh joined Maki. [[Hannah Lamdan]] and [[David Livschitz]] also left Mapam, establishing the [[Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda]] before joining Mapai. Four other members left Mapam to found [[Ahdut HaAvoda|Ahdut HaAvoda – Poale Zion]], but the move was not recognised by the Knesset speaker. During the Knesset term, Sephardim and Oriental Communities joined the General Zionists.
!Party
!Votes
!%
!Seats
!+/-
|-
|align=left|[[Mapai]] ¹||256,456||37.3||45||-1
|-
|align=left|[[General Zionists]] ²||111,394||16.2||20||+13
|-
|align=left|[[Mapam]] ¹||86,095||12.5||15||-4
|-
|align=left|[[Hapoel HaMizrachi]]||46,347||6.8||8||+1
|-
|align=left|[[Herut]]||45,651||6.6||8||-6
|-
|align=left|[[Maki (historical political party)|Maki]] ¹||27,334||4.0||5||+1
|-
|align=left|[[Progressive Party (Israel)|Progressive Party]]||22,171||3.2||4||-1
|-
|align=left|[[Democratic List for Israeli Arabs]]||16,370||2.0||3||New
|-
|align=left|[[Agudat Yisrael]]||13,799||2.0||3||+1
|-
|align=left|[[Sephardim and Oriental Communities]] ²||12,002||1.8||2||-2
|-
|align=left|[[Poalei Agudat Yisrael]]||11,194||1.6||2||-1
|-
|align=left|[[Mizrachi (political party)|Mizrachi]]||10,383||1.5||2||-2
|-
|align=left|[[Progress and Work]]||8,067||1.2||1||New
|-
|align=left|[[Yemenite Association]]||7,965||1.2||1||0
|-
|align=left|[[Agriculture and Development]]||7,851||1.1||1||New
|-
| || || ||
|-
|align=left|Sepharadim-Ashkenazim Unity||4,038||0.6||0||New
|-
|align=left|For New Immigrants and Freed Soldiers||375||0.1||0||New
|-
|align=left|Invalid/blank votes||7,515||-||-||-
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|'''Total'''||'''695,007'''||'''100'''||'''120'''||'''0'''
|-
|align=left colspan=5|Source: Nohlen et al.
|}

¹ [[Rostam Bastuni]], [[Avraham Berman]] and [[Moshe Sneh]] left Mapam and set up the [[Left Faction]]. Bastuni later returned to Mapam whilst Berman and Sneh joined Maki. [[Hannah Lamdan]] and [[David Livschitz]] left Mapam and set up the [[Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda]] before joining Mapai. Four other members left Mapam to found [[Ahdut HaAvoda|Ahdut HaAvoda - Poale Zion]], but the move was not recognised by the Knesset speaker.

² Sephardim and Oriental Communities joined the General Zionists


As with the first Knesset, the [[List of Knesset speakers|speaker]] was [[Yosef Sprinzak]].
==The Second Knesset==
The second Knesset was highly unstable, with four separate governments and two different [[Prime Minister of Israel|Prime Ministers]]. As with the first Knesset, the speaker was [[Yosef Sprinzak]].


===Third government===
===Third government===
{{main|Third government of Israel}}
{{main|Third government of Israel}}
The second Knesset started with [[David Ben-Gurion]] forming the third government of Israel (the [[Israeli legislative election, 1949|first Knesset]] had two governments) on 8 October 1951. His Mapai party formed a coalition with Mizrachi, Hapoel HaMizrachi, Agudat Yisrael, Agudat Yisrael Workers and the three [[Israeli Arab]] parties, the Democratic List for Israeli Arabs, Progress and Work and Agriculture and Development. Like the first Knesset, there were 15 ministers. The government resigned on 19 December 1952 due to a dispute with the religious parties over [[religious education]].
The second Knesset started with [[David Ben-Gurion]] forming the third government of Israel (the [[1949 Israeli legislative election|first Knesset]] had two governments) on 8 October 1951. His Mapai party formed a coalition with Mizrachi, Hapoel HaMizrachi, Agudat Yisrael, Agudat Yisrael Workers and the three [[Israeli Arab]] parties, the Democratic List for Israeli Arabs, Progress and Work and Agriculture and Development. Like the first Knesset, there were 15 ministers. The government resigned on 19 December 1952 due to a dispute with the religious parties over [[religious education]].


===Fourth government===
===Fourth government===
Line 208: Line 167:
===Sixth government===
===Sixth government===
{{main|Sixth government of Israel}}
{{main|Sixth government of Israel}}
Sharett formed the sixth government on 29 June 1955, eliminating the General Zionists and the Progressive Party from the coalition and reducing the number of ministers to 12. The new government did not last long, as a [[Israeli legislative election, 1955|general election was called for 26 July 1955]].
Sharett formed the sixth government on 29 June 1955, eliminating the General Zionists and the Progressive Party from the coalition and reducing the number of ministers to 12. The new government did not last long, as a [[1955 Israeli legislative election|general election was called for 26 July 1955]].


==See also==
==See also==
Line 217: Line 176:


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.knesset.gov.il/review/ReviewPage.aspx?kns=2&lng=3 Historical overview of the Second Knesset] Knesset website
*[https://www.knesset.gov.il/review/ReviewPage.aspx?kns=2&lng=3 Historical overview of the Second Knesset] Knesset website
*[http://www.knesset.gov.il/description/eng/eng_mimshal_res2.htm Knesset Elections Results: Second Knesset] Knesset website
*[https://www.knesset.gov.il/description/eng/eng_mimshal_res2.htm Knesset Elections Results: Second Knesset] Knesset website
*[http://www.knesset.gov.il/history/eng/eng_hist2_s.htm Factional and Government Make-Up of the Second Knesset] Knesset website
*[https://www.knesset.gov.il/history/eng/eng_hist2_s.htm Factional and Government Make-Up of the Second Knesset] Knesset website


{{Israeli elections}}
{{Israeli elections}}


[[Category:1951 elections in Asia]]
[[Category:1951 elections in Israel]]
[[Category:1951 in Israel|Legislative election]]
[[Category:1951 in Israeli politics|Legislative election]]
[[Category:Israeli legislative elections|1951]]
[[Category:Legislative elections in Israel]]
[[Category:July 1951 events in Asia]]
[[Category:1951 elections in Asia|Israel]]

Latest revision as of 21:49, 10 December 2022

Elections for the 2nd Knesset
Israel
← 1949 30 July 1951 1955 →
Turnout75.1%
Party Leader Vote % Seats +/–
Mapai David Ben-Gurion 37.3 45 −1
General Zionists Israel Rokach 16.2 20 +13
Mapam Meir Ya'ari 12.5 15 −4
Hapoel HaMizrachi Haim-Moshe Shapira 6.8 8
Herut Menachem Begin 6.6 8 −6
Maki Shmuel Mikunis 4.0 5 +1
Progressive Party Pinchas Rosen 3.2 4 −1
Democratic List for Israeli Arabs Seif el-Din el-Zoubi 2.0 3 +1
Agudat Yisrael Yitzhak-Meir Levin 2.0 3
Sephardim and Oriental Communities Eliyahu Eliashar 1.8 2 −2
PAI Binyamin Mintz 1.6 2
Mizrachi David-Zvi Pinkas 1.5 2
Progress and Work Salah-Hassan Hanifes 1.2 1 New
Yemenite Association Shimon Garidi 1.2 1 0
Agriculture and Development Faras Hamdan 1.1 1 New
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Prime Minister before Prime Minister after
David Ben-Gurion
Mapai		 David Ben-Gurion
Mapai
President Chaim Weizmann votes
Bedouin man votes

Elections for the second Knesset were held in Israel on 30 July 1951. Voter turnout was 75.1%.[1]

Results

[edit]
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Mapai256,45637.3045−1
General Zionists111,39416.2020+13
Mapam86,09512.5215−4
Hapoel HaMizrachi46,3476.748+1
Herut45,6516.648−6
Maki27,3343.985+1
Progressive Party22,1713.224−1
Democratic List for Israeli Arabs16,3702.383New
Agudat Yisrael13,7992.013+1
Sephardim and Oriental Communities12,0021.752−2
Poalei Agudat Yisrael11,1941.632−1
Mizrachi10,3831.512−2
Progress and Work8,0671.171New
Yemenite Association7,9651.1610
Agriculture and Development7,8511.141New
Sepharadim-Ashkenazim Unity4,0380.590New
For New Immigrants and Freed Soldiers3750.050New
Total687,492100.001200
Valid votes687,49298.92
Invalid/blank votes7,5151.08
Total votes695,007100.00
Registered voters/turnout924,88575.15
Source: IDI, Nohlen et al.

Aftermath

[edit]

The second Knesset was highly unstable, with four separate governments, two different Prime Ministers and several defections; Rostam Bastuni, Avraham Berman and Moshe Sneh left Mapam and set up the Left Faction. Bastuni later returned to Mapam whilst Berman and Sneh joined Maki. Hannah Lamdan and David Livschitz also left Mapam, establishing the Faction independent of Ahdut HaAvoda before joining Mapai. Four other members left Mapam to found Ahdut HaAvoda – Poale Zion, but the move was not recognised by the Knesset speaker. During the Knesset term, Sephardim and Oriental Communities joined the General Zionists.

As with the first Knesset, the speaker was Yosef Sprinzak.

Third government

[edit]
Main article: Third government of Israel

The second Knesset started with David Ben-Gurion forming the third government of Israel (the first Knesset had two governments) on 8 October 1951. His Mapai party formed a coalition with Mizrachi, Hapoel HaMizrachi, Agudat Yisrael, Agudat Yisrael Workers and the three Israeli Arab parties, the Democratic List for Israeli Arabs, Progress and Work and Agriculture and Development. Like the first Knesset, there were 15 ministers. The government resigned on 19 December 1952 due to a dispute with the religious parties over religious education.

Fourth government

[edit]
Main article: Fourth government of Israel

Ben-Gurion formed the fourth government on 24 December 1952, dropping the ultra-orthodox parties (Agudat Yisrael and Agudat Yisrael Workers) and replacing them with the General Zionists and the Progressive Party. The new government had 16 ministers. Ben-Gurion resigned on 6 December 1953 as he wished to settle in the Negev kibbutz of Sde Boker.

Fifth government

[edit]
Main article: Fifth government of Israel

Moshe Sharett formed the fifth government on 26 January 1954 with the same coalition partners and ministers. Sharett resigned on 29 June 1955, when the General Zionists refused to abstain from voting on a motion of no-confidence brought by Herut and Maki over the government's position on the trial of Malchiel Gruenwald, who had accused Rudolf Kastner of collaborating with the Nazis.

Sixth government

[edit]
Main article: Sixth government of Israel

Sharett formed the sixth government on 29 June 1955, eliminating the General Zionists and the Progressive Party from the coalition and reducing the number of ministers to 12. The new government did not last long, as a general election was called for 26 July 1955.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I, p123 ISBN 0-19-924958-X
[edit]
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