Porphyran: Difference between revisions
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| ⚫ | '''Porphyran''' is a [[Sulfation|sulfated]] [[carbohydrate]] |
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| ⚫ | '''Porphyran''' is a [[Sulfation|sulfated]] [[carbohydrate]] derived from [[red algae]] of the genus ''[[Porphyra]]''.<ref name="pmid14490986">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rees DA, Conway E |author-link=Dai Rees (scientist) |title=The structure and biosynthesis of porphyran: a comparison of some samples |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=84 |issue= 2|pages=411–6 |date=August 1962 |pmid=14490986 |pmc=1243684 |doi= 10.1042/bj0840411}}</ref> |
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==Composition== |
==Composition== |
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Porphyran is a complex [[Sulfation|sulfated]] [[carbohydrate]]. It is a highly substituted [[agarose]] with a linear backbone consisting of 3-[[ |
Porphyran is a complex [[Sulfation|sulfated]] [[carbohydrate]]. It is a highly substituted complex carbohydrate related to [[agarose]] with a linear backbone consisting of 3-[[glycosidic bond|linked]] beta-D-[[galactose|galactosyl]] units alternating with either 4-linked alpha-L-galactosyl 6-sulfate or 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactosyl units. The composition includes 6-O-sulfated L-[[galactose]], 6-O-[[methylated]] D-galactose, L-galactose, 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose, 6-O-methyl D-galactose and [[ester]] sulfate. Some of the ester is present as 1-4-linked L-galactose 6-sulfate.<ref name="pmid14490986" /><ref name="jchemsoc61">{{cite journal |vauthors=Peat S, Turvey JR, Rees DA |title=Carbohydrates of the red alga, Porphyra umbilicalis |journal=J. Chem. Soc. |pages=1590–5 |date=August 1961 |doi= 10.1039/jr9610001590}}</ref><ref name="pmid14659676">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang Q, Li N, Liu X, Zhao Z, Li Z, Xu Z |title=The structure of a sulfated galactan from Porphyra haitanensis and its in vivo antioxidant activity |journal=Carbohydr. Res. |volume=339 |issue=1 |pages=105–11 |date=January 2004 |pmid=14659676 |doi= 10.1016/j.carres.2003.09.015}}</ref><ref name="pmid16150429">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang Q, Qi H, Zhao T, etal |title=Chemical characteristics of a polysaccharide from Porphyra capensis (Rhodophyta) |journal=Carbohydr. Res. |volume=340 |issue=15 |pages=2447–50 |date=October 2005 |pmid=16150429 |doi=10.1016/j.carres.2005.08.009 }}</ref> The precise composition of porphyran shows [[season]]al and [[Natural environment|environmental]] variations.<ref name="pmid14490986" /> In ''Porphyra haitanensis'', the L-residues are mainly composed of alpha-L-galactosyl 6-sulfate units, and the 3,6-anhydro-galactosyl units are minor.<ref name="pmid14659676" /> In ''Porphyra capensis'', the ratio of alpha-L-galactose-6-sulfate and the 3,6-anhydrogalactose is 1.2:1.<ref name="pmid16150429" /> Porphyran is converted to agarose by cyclization of L-galactose-6-sulfate to 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose. |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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*[[Fucoidan]] |
*[[Fucoidan]] |
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*[[Agarose]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Latest revision as of 19:55, 16 February 2022
Porphyran is a sulfated carbohydrate derived from red algae of the genus Porphyra.[1]
Composition
[edit]Porphyran is a complex sulfated carbohydrate. It is a highly substituted complex carbohydrate related to agarose with a linear backbone consisting of 3-linked beta-D-galactosyl units alternating with either 4-linked alpha-L-galactosyl 6-sulfate or 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactosyl units. The composition includes 6-O-sulfated L-galactose, 6-O-methylated D-galactose, L-galactose, 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose, 6-O-methyl D-galactose and ester sulfate. Some of the ester is present as 1-4-linked L-galactose 6-sulfate.[1][2][3][4] The precise composition of porphyran shows seasonal and environmental variations.[1] In Porphyra haitanensis, the L-residues are mainly composed of alpha-L-galactosyl 6-sulfate units, and the 3,6-anhydro-galactosyl units are minor.[3] In Porphyra capensis, the ratio of alpha-L-galactose-6-sulfate and the 3,6-anhydrogalactose is 1.2:1.[4] Porphyran is converted to agarose by cyclization of L-galactose-6-sulfate to 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Rees DA, Conway E (August 1962). "The structure and biosynthesis of porphyran: a comparison of some samples". Biochem. J. 84 (2): 411–6. doi:10.1042/bj0840411. PMC 1243684. PMID 14490986.
- ^ Peat S, Turvey JR, Rees DA (August 1961). "Carbohydrates of the red alga, Porphyra umbilicalis". J. Chem. Soc.: 1590–5. doi:10.1039/jr9610001590.
- ^ a b Zhang Q, Li N, Liu X, Zhao Z, Li Z, Xu Z (January 2004). "The structure of a sulfated galactan from Porphyra haitanensis and its in vivo antioxidant activity". Carbohydr. Res. 339 (1): 105–11. doi:10.1016/j.carres.2003.09.015. PMID 14659676.
- ^ a b Zhang Q, Qi H, Zhao T, et al. (October 2005). "Chemical characteristics of a polysaccharide from Porphyra capensis (Rhodophyta)". Carbohydr. Res. 340 (15): 2447–50. doi:10.1016/j.carres.2005.08.009. PMID 16150429.