View source for SN 1994D

{{Short description|Type Ia supernova}}
{{Infobox supernova
 | name            = SN 1994D
 | image           = Image:SN1994D.jpg
 | caption         = [[Hubble Space Telescope]] image of SN 1994D, visible at lower left
 | alt             = A dusty spiral galaxy seen close to edge-on against a black background, with a bright point of white at lower left
 | event_type      = [[Supernova]]
 | class           = Type Ia<ref name=Meikle_et_al_1996/>
 | detected_by     =[[Leuschner Observatory]] 
 | constellation   = [[Virgo (constellation)|Virgo]]
 | ra              = {{RA|12|34|02.395}}<ref name=Meikle_et_al_1996/>
 | dec             = {{DEC|+07|42|05.70}}<ref name=Meikle_et_al_1996/>
 | epoch           = [[B2000.0]]
 | distance        = {{circa}} 55.15 million [[Light-year|ly]]
 | redshift        =0.0036, 0.0001, −0.0001, 0.0021, 0.0023, 0.0022, 0.0008, 0.0005, 0.0013, 0.0017, 0.0004, 0.0024, 0.0011, 0.0012, 0.0002 
 | host            = [[NGC 4526]]<ref name=Treffers_et_al_1994/>
 | progenitor_type = [[White dwarf]]
 | peak            = +15.2
 | predecessor     = [[SN 1994C]]<ref name=IAU_CBAT/>
 | successor       = [[SN 1994E]]<ref name=IAU_CBAT/>
 |discovery={{circa}} 55.15 million years ago <br>
(discovered 7 March 1994 by R. Treffers)<ref name=Treffers_et_al_1994/>}}
'''SN 1994D''' was a [[Type Ia supernova]] event in the outskirts of galaxy [[NGC 4526]]. It was offset by {{val|9.0|ul=arcsecond}} west and {{val|7.8|u=arcsecond}} south of the galaxy center and positioned near a prominent dust lane.<ref name=Meikle_et_al_1996/>  It was caused by the explosion of a [[white dwarf]] star composed of carbon and oxygen.<ref name=Lentz_et_al_2001/>  This event was discovered on March 7, 1994 by R. R. Treffers and associates using the automated 30-inch telescope at [[Leuschner Observatory]].<ref name=Treffers_et_al_1994/> It reached peak visual brightness two weeks later on March 22.<ref name=Lentz_et_al_2001/> Modelling of the [[light curve]] indicates the explosion would have been visible around March 3-4.  A possible detection of helium in the spectrum was made by W. P. S. Meikle and associates in 1996.<ref name=Meikle_et_al_1996/> A mass of 0.014 to {{val|0.03|ul=Solar mass}} in helium would be needed to produce this feature.<ref name=Boyle_et_al_2017/>

==See also==
*[[History of supernova observation]]

==References==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name=Lentz_et_al_2001>{{cite journal
 | title=Non-LTE Synthetic Spectral Fits to the Type Ia Supernova 1994D in NGC 4526
 | last1=Lentz | first1=Eric J. | last2=Baron | first2=E.
 | last3=Branch | first3=David | last4=Hauschildt | first4=Peter H.
 | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal
 | volume=557 | issue=1 | pages=266–278 | date=August 2001
 | doi=10.1086/322239 | arxiv=astro-ph/0104225
 | bibcode=2001ApJ...557..266L | s2cid=119535927 }}</ref>

<ref name=IAU_CBAT>{{Citation
 | title=List of Supernovae
 | website=Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams
 | publisher=International Astronomical Union
 | url=http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/lists/Supernovae.html
 | access-date=2021-12-02 | postscript=. }}</ref>

<ref name=Meikle_et_al_1996>{{cite journal
 | title=An early-time infrared and optical study of the Type IA supernovae SN 1994D and 1991T
 | last1=Meikle | first1=W. P. S. | last2=Cumming | first2=R. J.
 | last3=Geballe | first3=T. R. | last4=Lewis | first4=J. R.
 | last5=Walton | first5=N. A. | last6=Balcells | first6=M.
 | last7=Cimatti | first7=A. | last8=Croom | first8=S. M.
 | last9=Dhillon | first9=V. S. | last10=Economou | first10=F.
 | last11=Jenkins | first11=C. R. | last12=Knapen | first12=J. H.
 | last13=Meadows | first13=V. S. | last14=Morris | first14=P. W.
 | last15=Perez-Fournon | first15=I. | last16=Shanks | first16=T.
 | last17=Smith | first17=L. J. | last18=Tanvir | first18=N. R.
 | last19=Veilleux | first19=S. | last20=Vilchez | first20=J.
 | last21=Wall | first21=J. V. | last22=Lucey | first22=J. R.
 | display-authors=1 | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
 | volume=281 | issue=1 | pages=263–280 | date=July 1996
 | doi=10.1093/mnras/281.1.263 | bibcode=1996MNRAS.281..263M | doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=Treffers_et_al_1994>{{cite journal
 | title=Supernova 1994D in NGC 4526
 | last1=Treffers | first1=R. R. | last2=Filippenko | first2=A. V.
 | last3=van Dyk | first3=S. D. | last4=Richmond | first4=M. W.
 | last5=Martel | first5=A. | last6=Goodrich | first6=R. W.
 | display-authors = 4 | journal=IAU Circular
 | volume=5946 | date=1994
 | page=2 | editor1-last=Green | editor1-first=D. W. E.
 | bibcode=1994IAUC.5946....2T }}</ref>

<ref name=Boyle_et_al_2017>{{cite journal
 | title=Helium in double-detonation models of type Ia supernovae
 | last1=Boyle | first1=Aoife | last2=Sim | first2=Stuart A.
 | last3=Hachinger | first3=Stephan | last4=Kerzendorf | first4=Wolfgang
 | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics
 | volume=599 | id=A46 | pages=12 | date=March 2017
 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201629712 | arxiv=1611.05938
 | bibcode=2017A&A...599A..46B | s2cid=55621728 }}</ref>

}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite journal
 | title=Comparative Direct Analysis of Type Ia Supernova Spectra. I. SN 1994D
 | display-authors=1 | last1=Branch | first1=David
 | last2=Baron | first2=E. | last3=Hall | first3=Nicholas
 | last4=Melakayil | first4=Mercy | last5=Parrent | first5=Jerod
 | journal=The Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
 | volume=117 | issue=832 | pages=545–552 | date=June 2005
 | doi=10.1086/430135 | arxiv=astro-ph/0503165
 | bibcode=2005PASP..117..545B | s2cid=15250772 }}

==External links==
* [https://sne.space/sne/SN1994D/ Light curves and spectra] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426111850/https://sne.space/sne/SN1994D/ |date=2021-04-26 }} on the [https://sne.space Open Supernova Catalog] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230459/https://sne.space/ |date=2016-03-03 }}

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[[Category:Supernovae]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1994|19940307]]
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[[Category:1994 in outer space]]