Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish جمعه, from Arabic الْجُمْعَة (al-jumʕa).[1]
- IPA(key): /d͡ʒuˈma/
- Rhymes: -a
- Hyphenation: xhu‧má
xhuma f (plural xhumá, definite xhumája, definite plural xhumátë)
- (archaic) Friday
- Synonym: e premte
- ^ Bufli, G., Rocchi, L. (2021) “xhuma”, in A historical-etymological dictionary of Turkisms in Albanian (1555–1954), Trieste: Edizioni Università di Trieste, page 514
- “xhuma”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language][1] (in Albanian), 1980
- “xhuma”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
IPA(key): /ǁʰuːma/
-xhuma
- (intransitive) to jump, to leap
- (transitive) to connect, to join, to link, to splice
Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukuxhuma
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuxhuma
|
ukungaxhumi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
xhuma
|
-xhume
|
Plural
|
xhumani
|
-xhumeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyaxhuma, ngixhuma
|
engixhumayo, engixhuma
|
ngixhuma
|
angixhumi
|
engingaxhumi
|
ngingaxhumi
|
2nd singular
|
uyaxhuma, uxhuma
|
oxhumayo, oxhuma
|
uxhuma
|
awuxhumi
|
ongaxhumi
|
ungaxhumi
|
1st plural
|
siyaxhuma, sixhuma
|
esixhumayo, esixhuma
|
sixhuma
|
asixhumi
|
esingaxhumi
|
singaxhumi
|
2nd plural
|
niyaxhuma, nixhuma
|
enixhumayo, enixhuma
|
nixhuma
|
anixhumi
|
eningaxhumi
|
ningaxhumi
|
Class 1
|
uyaxhuma, uxhuma
|
oxhumayo, oxhuma
|
exhuma
|
akaxhumi
|
ongaxhumi
|
engaxhumi
|
Class 2
|
bayaxhuma, baxhuma
|
abaxhumayo, abaxhuma
|
bexhuma
|
abaxhumi
|
abangaxhumi
|
bengaxhumi
|
Class 3
|
uyaxhuma, uxhuma
|
oxhumayo, oxhuma
|
uxhuma
|
awuxhumi
|
ongaxhumi
|
ungaxhumi
|
Class 4
|
iyaxhuma, ixhuma
|
exhumayo, exhuma
|
ixhuma
|
ayixhumi
|
engaxhumi
|
ingaxhumi
|
Class 5
|
liyaxhuma, lixhuma
|
elixhumayo, elixhuma
|
lixhuma
|
alixhumi
|
elingaxhumi
|
lingaxhumi
|
Class 6
|
ayaxhuma, axhuma
|
axhumayo, axhuma
|
exhuma
|
awaxhumi
|
angaxhumi
|
engaxhumi
|
Class 7
|
siyaxhuma, sixhuma
|
esixhumayo, esixhuma
|
sixhuma
|
asixhumi
|
esingaxhumi
|
singaxhumi
|
Class 8
|
ziyaxhuma, zixhuma
|
ezixhumayo, ezixhuma
|
zixhuma
|
azixhumi
|
ezingaxhumi
|
zingaxhumi
|
Class 9
|
iyaxhuma, ixhuma
|
exhumayo, exhuma
|
ixhuma
|
ayixhumi
|
engaxhumi
|
ingaxhumi
|
Class 10
|
ziyaxhuma, zixhuma
|
ezixhumayo, ezixhuma
|
zixhuma
|
azixhumi
|
ezingaxhumi
|
zingaxhumi
|
Class 11
|
luyaxhuma, luxhuma
|
oluxhumayo, oluxhuma
|
luxhuma
|
aluxhumi
|
olungaxhumi
|
lungaxhumi
|
Class 14
|
buyaxhuma, buxhuma
|
obuxhumayo, obuxhuma
|
buxhuma
|
abuxhumi
|
obungaxhumi
|
bungaxhumi
|
Class 15
|
kuyaxhuma, kuxhuma
|
okuxhumayo, okuxhuma
|
kuxhuma
|
akuxhumi
|
okungaxhumi
|
kungaxhumi
|
Class 17
|
kuyaxhuma, kuxhuma
|
okuxhumayo, okuxhuma
|
kuxhuma
|
akuxhumi
|
okungaxhumi
|
kungaxhumi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngixhumile, ngixhumē
|
engixhumile, engixhumē
|
ngixhumile, ngixhumē
|
angixhumanga
|
engingaxhumanga
|
ngingaxhumanga
|
2nd singular
|
uxhumile, uxhumē
|
oxhumile, oxhumē
|
uxhumile, uxhumē
|
awuxhumanga
|
ongaxhumanga
|
ungaxhumanga
|
1st plural
|
sixhumile, sixhumē
|
esixhumile, esixhumē
|
sixhumile, sixhumē
|
asixhumanga
|
esingaxhumanga
|
singaxhumanga
|
2nd plural
|
nixhumile, nixhumē
|
enixhumile, enixhumē
|
nixhumile, nixhumē
|
anixhumanga
|
eningaxhumanga
|
ningaxhumanga
|
Class 1
|
uxhumile, uxhumē
|
oxhumile, oxhumē
|
exhumile, exhumē
|
akaxhumanga
|
ongaxhumanga
|
engaxhumanga
|
Class 2
|
baxhumile, baxhumē
|
abaxhumile, abaxhumē
|
bexhumile, bexhumē
|
abaxhumanga
|
abangaxhumanga
|
bengaxhumanga
|
Class 3
|
uxhumile, uxhumē
|
oxhumile, oxhumē
|
uxhumile, uxhumē
|
awuxhumanga
|
ongaxhumanga
|
ungaxhumanga
|
Class 4
|
ixhumile, ixhumē
|
exhumile, exhumē
|
ixhumile, ixhumē
|
ayixhumanga
|
engaxhumanga
|
ingaxhumanga
|
Class 5
|
lixhumile, lixhumē
|
elixhumile, elixhumē
|
lixhumile, lixhumē
|
alixhumanga
|
elingaxhumanga
|
lingaxhumanga
|
Class 6
|
axhumile, axhumē
|
axhumile, axhumē
|
exhumile, exhumē
|
awaxhumanga
|
angaxhumanga
|
engaxhumanga
|
Class 7
|
sixhumile, sixhumē
|
esixhumile, esixhumē
|
sixhumile, sixhumē
|
asixhumanga
|
esingaxhumanga
|
singaxhumanga
|
Class 8
|
zixhumile, zixhumē
|
ezixhumile, ezixhumē
|
zixhumile, zixhumē
|
azixhumanga
|
ezingaxhumanga
|
zingaxhumanga
|
Class 9
|
ixhumile, ixhumē
|
exhumile, exhumē
|
ixhumile, ixhumē
|
ayixhumanga
|
engaxhumanga
|
ingaxhumanga
|
Class 10
|
zixhumile, zixhumē
|
ezixhumile, ezixhumē
|
zixhumile, zixhumē
|
azixhumanga
|
ezingaxhumanga
|
zingaxhumanga
|
Class 11
|
luxhumile, luxhumē
|
oluxhumile, oluxhumē
|
luxhumile, luxhumē
|
aluxhumanga
|
olungaxhumanga
|
lungaxhumanga
|
Class 14
|
buxhumile, buxhumē
|
obuxhumile, obuxhumē
|
buxhumile, buxhumē
|
abuxhumanga
|
obungaxhumanga
|
bungaxhumanga
|
Class 15
|
kuxhumile, kuxhumē
|
okuxhumile, okuxhumē
|
kuxhumile, kuxhumē
|
akuxhumanga
|
okungaxhumanga
|
kungaxhumanga
|
Class 17
|
kuxhumile, kuxhumē
|
okuxhumile, okuxhumē
|
kuxhumile, kuxhumē
|
akuxhumanga
|
okungaxhumanga
|
kungaxhumanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāxhuma
|
engāxhuma
|
ngāxhuma
|
angixhumanga
|
engingaxhumanga
|
ngingaxhumanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāxhuma
|
owāxhuma
|
wāxhuma
|
awuxhumanga
|
ongaxhumanga
|
ungaxhumanga
|
1st plural
|
sāxhuma
|
esāxhuma
|
sāxhuma
|
asixhumanga
|
esingaxhumanga
|
singaxhumanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāxhuma
|
enāxhuma
|
nāxhuma
|
anixhumanga
|
eningaxhumanga
|
ningaxhumanga
|
Class 1
|
wāxhuma
|
owāxhuma
|
āxhuma
|
akaxhumanga
|
ongaxhumanga
|
engaxhumanga
|
Class 2
|
bāxhuma
|
abāxhuma
|
bāxhuma
|
abaxhumanga
|
abangaxhumanga
|
bengaxhumanga
|
Class 3
|
wāxhuma
|
owāxhuma
|
wāxhuma
|
awuxhumanga
|
ongaxhumanga
|
ungaxhumanga
|
Class 4
|
yāxhuma
|
eyāxhuma
|
yāxhuma
|
ayixhumanga
|
engaxhumanga
|
ingaxhumanga
|
Class 5
|
lāxhuma
|
elāxhuma
|
lāxhuma
|
alixhumanga
|
elingaxhumanga
|
lingaxhumanga
|
Class 6
|
āxhuma
|
āxhuma
|
āxhuma
|
awaxhumanga
|
angaxhumanga
|
engaxhumanga
|
Class 7
|
sāxhuma
|
esāxhuma
|
sāxhuma
|
asixhumanga
|
esingaxhumanga
|
singaxhumanga
|
Class 8
|
zāxhuma
|
ezāxhuma
|
zāxhuma
|
azixhumanga
|
ezingaxhumanga
|
zingaxhumanga
|
Class 9
|
yāxhuma
|
eyāxhuma
|
yāxhuma
|
ayixhumanga
|
engaxhumanga
|
ingaxhumanga
|
Class 10
|
zāxhuma
|
ezāxhuma
|
zāxhuma
|
azixhumanga
|
ezingaxhumanga
|
zingaxhumanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāxhuma
|
olwāxhuma
|
lwāxhuma
|
aluxhumanga
|
olungaxhumanga
|
lungaxhumanga
|
Class 14
|
bāxhuma
|
obāxhuma
|
bāxhuma
|
abuxhumanga
|
obungaxhumanga
|
bungaxhumanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāxhuma
|
okwāxhuma
|
kwāxhuma
|
akuxhumanga
|
okungaxhumanga
|
kungaxhumanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāxhuma
|
okwāxhuma
|
kwāxhuma
|
akuxhumanga
|
okungaxhumanga
|
kungaxhumanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingaxhuma
|
—
|
ngingaxhuma
|
ngingexhume
|
—
|
ngingexhume
|
2nd singular
|
ungaxhuma
|
—
|
ungaxhuma
|
ungexhume
|
—
|
ungexhume
|
1st plural
|
singaxhuma
|
—
|
singaxhuma
|
singexhume
|
—
|
singexhume
|
2nd plural
|
ningaxhuma
|
—
|
ningaxhuma
|
ningexhume
|
—
|
ningexhume
|
Class 1
|
angaxhuma
|
—
|
engaxhuma
|
angexhume
|
—
|
engexhume
|
Class 2
|
bangaxhuma
|
—
|
bengaxhuma
|
bangexhume
|
—
|
bengexhume
|
Class 3
|
ungaxhuma
|
—
|
ungaxhuma
|
ungexhume
|
—
|
ungexhume
|
Class 4
|
ingaxhuma
|
—
|
ingaxhuma
|
ingexhume
|
—
|
ingexhume
|
Class 5
|
lingaxhuma
|
—
|
lingaxhuma
|
lingexhume
|
—
|
lingexhume
|
Class 6
|
angaxhuma
|
—
|
engaxhuma
|
angexhume
|
—
|
engexhume
|
Class 7
|
singaxhuma
|
—
|
singaxhuma
|
singexhume
|
—
|
singexhume
|
Class 8
|
zingaxhuma
|
—
|
zingaxhuma
|
zingexhume
|
—
|
zingexhume
|
Class 9
|
ingaxhuma
|
—
|
ingaxhuma
|
ingexhume
|
—
|
ingexhume
|
Class 10
|
zingaxhuma
|
—
|
zingaxhuma
|
zingexhume
|
—
|
zingexhume
|
Class 11
|
lungaxhuma
|
—
|
lungaxhuma
|
lungexhume
|
—
|
lungexhume
|
Class 14
|
bungaxhuma
|
—
|
bungaxhuma
|
bungexhume
|
—
|
bungexhume
|
Class 15
|
kungaxhuma
|
—
|
kungaxhuma
|
kungexhume
|
—
|
kungexhume
|
Class 17
|
kungaxhuma
|
—
|
kungaxhuma
|
kungexhume
|
—
|
kungexhume
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizoxhuma
|
engizoxhuma
|
ngizoxhuma
|
angizuxhuma
|
engingezuxhuma
|
ngingezuxhuma
|
2nd singular
|
uzoxhuma
|
ozoxhuma
|
uzoxhuma
|
awuzuxhuma
|
ongezuxhuma
|
ungezuxhuma
|
1st plural
|
sizoxhuma
|
esizoxhuma
|
sizoxhuma
|
asizuxhuma
|
esingezuxhuma
|
singezuxhuma
|
2nd plural
|
nizoxhuma
|
enizoxhuma
|
nizoxhuma
|
anizuxhuma
|
eningezuxhuma
|
ningezuxhuma
|
Class 1
|
uzoxhuma
|
ozoxhuma
|
ezoxhuma
|
akazuxhuma
|
ongezuxhuma
|
engezuxhuma
|
Class 2
|
bazoxhuma
|
abazoxhuma
|
bezoxhuma
|
abazuxhuma
|
abangezuxhuma
|
bengezuxhuma
|
Class 3
|
uzoxhuma
|
ozoxhuma
|
uzoxhuma
|
awuzuxhuma
|
ongezuxhuma
|
ungezuxhuma
|
Class 4
|
izoxhuma
|
ezoxhuma
|
izoxhuma
|
ayizuxhuma
|
engezuxhuma
|
ingezuxhuma
|
Class 5
|
lizoxhuma
|
elizoxhuma
|
lizoxhuma
|
alizuxhuma
|
elingezuxhuma
|
lingezuxhuma
|
Class 6
|
azoxhuma
|
azoxhuma
|
ezoxhuma
|
awazuxhuma
|
angezuxhuma
|
engezuxhuma
|
Class 7
|
sizoxhuma
|
esizoxhuma
|
sizoxhuma
|
asizuxhuma
|
esingezuxhuma
|
singezuxhuma
|
Class 8
|
zizoxhuma
|
ezizoxhuma
|
zizoxhuma
|
azizuxhuma
|
ezingezuxhuma
|
zingezuxhuma
|
Class 9
|
izoxhuma
|
ezoxhuma
|
izoxhuma
|
ayizuxhuma
|
engezuxhuma
|
ingezuxhuma
|
Class 10
|
zizoxhuma
|
ezizoxhuma
|
zizoxhuma
|
azizuxhuma
|
ezingezuxhuma
|
zingezuxhuma
|
Class 11
|
luzoxhuma
|
oluzoxhuma
|
luzoxhuma
|
aluzuxhuma
|
olungezuxhuma
|
lungezuxhuma
|
Class 14
|
buzoxhuma
|
obuzoxhuma
|
buzoxhuma
|
abuzuxhuma
|
obungezuxhuma
|
bungezuxhuma
|
Class 15
|
kuzoxhuma
|
okuzoxhuma
|
kuzoxhuma
|
akuzuxhuma
|
okungezuxhuma
|
kungezuxhuma
|
Class 17
|
kuzoxhuma
|
okuzoxhuma
|
kuzoxhuma
|
akuzuxhuma
|
okungezuxhuma
|
kungezuxhuma
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyoxhuma
|
engiyoxhuma
|
ngiyoxhuma
|
angiyuxhuma
|
engingeyuxhuma
|
ngingeyuxhuma
|
2nd singular
|
uyoxhuma
|
oyoxhuma
|
uyoxhuma
|
awuyuxhuma
|
ongeyuxhuma
|
ungeyuxhuma
|
1st plural
|
siyoxhuma
|
esiyoxhuma
|
siyoxhuma
|
asiyuxhuma
|
esingeyuxhuma
|
singeyuxhuma
|
2nd plural
|
niyoxhuma
|
eniyoxhuma
|
niyoxhuma
|
aniyuxhuma
|
eningeyuxhuma
|
ningeyuxhuma
|
Class 1
|
uyoxhuma
|
oyoxhuma
|
eyoxhuma
|
akayuxhuma
|
ongeyuxhuma
|
engeyuxhuma
|
Class 2
|
bayoxhuma
|
abayoxhuma
|
beyoxhuma
|
abayuxhuma
|
abangeyuxhuma
|
bengeyuxhuma
|
Class 3
|
uyoxhuma
|
oyoxhuma
|
uyoxhuma
|
awuyuxhuma
|
ongeyuxhuma
|
ungeyuxhuma
|
Class 4
|
iyoxhuma
|
eyoxhuma
|
iyoxhuma
|
ayiyuxhuma
|
engeyuxhuma
|
ingeyuxhuma
|
Class 5
|
liyoxhuma
|
eliyoxhuma
|
liyoxhuma
|
aliyuxhuma
|
elingeyuxhuma
|
lingeyuxhuma
|
Class 6
|
ayoxhuma
|
ayoxhuma
|
eyoxhuma
|
awayuxhuma
|
angeyuxhuma
|
engeyuxhuma
|
Class 7
|
siyoxhuma
|
esiyoxhuma
|
siyoxhuma
|
asiyuxhuma
|
esingeyuxhuma
|
singeyuxhuma
|
Class 8
|
ziyoxhuma
|
eziyoxhuma
|
ziyoxhuma
|
aziyuxhuma
|
ezingeyuxhuma
|
zingeyuxhuma
|
Class 9
|
iyoxhuma
|
eyoxhuma
|
iyoxhuma
|
ayiyuxhuma
|
engeyuxhuma
|
ingeyuxhuma
|
Class 10
|
ziyoxhuma
|
eziyoxhuma
|
ziyoxhuma
|
aziyuxhuma
|
ezingeyuxhuma
|
zingeyuxhuma
|
Class 11
|
luyoxhuma
|
oluyoxhuma
|
luyoxhuma
|
aluyuxhuma
|
olungeyuxhuma
|
lungeyuxhuma
|
Class 14
|
buyoxhuma
|
obuyoxhuma
|
buyoxhuma
|
abuyuxhuma
|
obungeyuxhuma
|
bungeyuxhuma
|
Class 15
|
kuyoxhuma
|
okuyoxhuma
|
kuyoxhuma
|
akuyuxhuma
|
okungeyuxhuma
|
kungeyuxhuma
|
Class 17
|
kuyoxhuma
|
okuyoxhuma
|
kuyoxhuma
|
akuyuxhuma
|
okungeyuxhuma
|
kungeyuxhuma
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngixhume
|
ngingaxhumi
|
2nd singular
|
uxhume
|
ungaxhumi
|
1st plural
|
sixhume
|
singaxhumi
|
2nd plural
|
nixhume
|
ningaxhumi
|
Class 1
|
axhume
|
angaxhumi
|
Class 2
|
baxhume
|
bangaxhumi
|
Class 3
|
uxhume
|
ungaxhumi
|
Class 4
|
ixhume
|
ingaxhumi
|
Class 5
|
lixhume
|
lingaxhumi
|
Class 6
|
axhume
|
angaxhumi
|
Class 7
|
sixhume
|
singaxhumi
|
Class 8
|
zixhume
|
zingaxhumi
|
Class 9
|
ixhume
|
ingaxhumi
|
Class 10
|
zixhume
|
zingaxhumi
|
Class 11
|
luxhume
|
lungaxhumi
|
Class 14
|
buxhume
|
bungaxhumi
|
Class 15
|
kuxhume
|
kungaxhumi
|
Class 17
|
kuxhume
|
kungaxhumi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngaxhuma
|
ngangaxhuma, angaxhuma, angangaxhuma
|
2nd singular
|
waxhuma
|
wangaxhuma, awaxhuma, awangaxhuma
|
1st plural
|
saxhuma
|
sangaxhuma, asaxhuma, asangaxhuma
|
2nd plural
|
naxhuma
|
nangaxhuma, anaxhuma, anangaxhuma
|
Class 1
|
waxhuma
|
wangaxhuma, akaxhuma, akangaxhuma
|
Class 2
|
baxhuma
|
bangaxhuma, abaxhuma, abangaxhuma
|
Class 3
|
waxhuma
|
wangaxhuma, awaxhuma, awangaxhuma
|
Class 4
|
yaxhuma
|
yangaxhuma, ayaxhuma, ayangaxhuma
|
Class 5
|
laxhuma
|
langaxhuma, alaxhuma, alangaxhuma
|
Class 6
|
axhuma
|
angaxhuma, awaxhuma, awangaxhuma
|
Class 7
|
saxhuma
|
sangaxhuma, asaxhuma, asangaxhuma
|
Class 8
|
zaxhuma
|
zangaxhuma, azaxhuma, azangaxhuma
|
Class 9
|
yaxhuma
|
yangaxhuma, ayaxhuma, ayangaxhuma
|
Class 10
|
zaxhuma
|
zangaxhuma, azaxhuma, azangaxhuma
|
Class 11
|
lwaxhuma
|
lwangaxhuma, alwaxhuma, alwangaxhuma
|
Class 14
|
baxhuma
|
bangaxhuma, abaxhuma, abangaxhuma
|
Class 15
|
kwaxhuma
|
kwangaxhuma, akwaxhuma, akwangaxhuma
|
Class 17
|
kwaxhuma
|
kwangaxhuma, akwaxhuma, akwangaxhuma
|