tag
English
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle English tagge (“small piece hanging from a garment”), probably of North Germanic origin. Compare Norwegian tagg (“point; prong; barb; tag”), Swedish tagg (“thorn; prickle; tine”), Icelandic tág (“a willow-twig”). Compare also tack.
Pronunciation
edit- (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: tăg, IPA(key): /tæɡ/
- (North American also) IPA(key): /teɪɡ/
Audio (General Australian): (file) - Rhymes: -æɡ
Noun
edittag (plural tags)
- (heading) Physical appendage.
- A small label.
- A skin tag, an excrescence of skin.
- A dangling lock of sheep's wool, matted with dung; a dung tag.
- Any slight appendage, as to an article of dress; something slight hanging loosely.
- A metallic binding, tube, or point, at the end of a string, or lace, to stiffen it.
- (biochemistry) Any short peptide sequence artificially attached to proteins mostly in order to help purify, solubilize or visualize these proteins.
- Something mean and paltry; the rabble, originally refer to rag as torn cloth.
- 1596 (date written; published 1633), Edmund Spenser, A Vewe of the Present State of Irelande […], Dublin: […] Societie of Stationers, […], →OCLC; republished as A View of the State of Ireland […] (Ancient Irish Histories), Dublin: […] Society of Stationers, […] Hibernia Press, […] [b]y John Morrison, 1809, →OCLC:
- For upon the like Proclamation there, they all came in, both tag and rag
- (heading) Last nonphysical appendage.
- (music) The last line (or last two lines) of a song's chorus that is repeated to indicate the end of the song.
- (television) The last scene of a TV program, often focusing on the program's subplot.
- Antonym: cold open
- 2006, Stephen V. Duncan, A Guide to Screenwriting Success, page 300:
- Often, the tag punctuates the "we're all in this together" theme and is topped with a laugh.
- The end, or catchword, of an actor's speech; cue.
- (heading) Nonphysical label.
- (informal, authorship) An attribution in narrated dialogue (eg, "he said") or attributed words (e.g. "he thought").
- Synonyms: dialogue tag, speech tag, tag line
- (Can we date this quote?), [email protected], alt.fiction.original[3] (Usenet):
- You could combine these two paragraphs, I think, and rewrite to lose the tag portion of the third sentence.
- (computing) A piece of markup representing an element in a markup language.
- The
<title>
tag provides a title for the Web page. - The
<sarcasm>
tag conveys sarcasm in Internet slang.
- (computing) A keyword, term, or phrase associated with or assigned to data, media, and/or information enabling keyword-based classification; often used to categorize content.
- I want to add genre and artist tags to the files in my music collection.
- (informal, authorship) An attribution in narrated dialogue (eg, "he said") or attributed words (e.g. "he thought").
- (heading) Identity.
- (heading) Involving being tagged physically.
- (uncountable) A game, especially for children on playgrounds, in which one player (known as "it") attempts to touch another, who then becomes "it"; any similar game of chasing and trying to reach, touch, shoot, or label other players.
- Synonym: (Australia) tips
- Hyponyms: archery tag, dart tag, freeze tag, laser tag, zombie tag
- (baseball) An instance of touching the baserunner with the ball or the ball in a gloved hand to rule him "out."
- The tag was applied at second for the final out.
- (uncountable) A game, especially for children on playgrounds, in which one player (known as "it") attempts to touch another, who then becomes "it"; any similar game of chasing and trying to reach, touch, shoot, or label other players.
- (heading) Signature.
- Graffiti in the form of a stylized signature particular to the artist.
- 2011, Scape Martinez, Graff 2: Next Level Graffiti Techniques, page 124:
- There is a hierarchy of sorts: a throw-up can go over a tag, a piece over a throw-up, and a burner over a piece.
- Graffiti in the form of a stylized signature particular to the artist.
- A type of cardboard.
- A sheep in its first year.
- 1807, The Complete Farmer, or, General Dictionary of Agriculture and Husbandry, →OCLC:
- After being weaned, the ram or wedder lamb is sometimes termed hog, hoggit, or tag, during the whole of the first year
Hyponyms
edit- accent tag
- archery tag
- bread tag
- cashtag
- dart tag
- dialog tag
- dog tag
- ear tag
- empty-element tag
- entity tag
- ETag
- e-tag
- fag tag
- freeze tag
- fusion tag
- hashtag
- HA-tag
- laser tag
- meta tag
- oak-tag
- oak tag
- on tag
- paired-end tag
- price tag
- producer tag
- question tag
- radio-tag
- radio tag
- rag-tag
- red tag
- return tag
- scaff tag
- short tag
- skin-tag
- slag tag
- tag-along right
- tag day
- tag off
- tag on
- tag-rag
- tag-rag and bobtail
- tag rugby
- tag sale
- tag soup
- tag team
- tag-team
- tag up
- tag wrestling
- toe-tag
- tone tag
- treasury tag
- zombie tag
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
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See also
edit(children's game to avoid being "it"):
Verb
edittag (third-person singular simple present tags, present participle tagging, simple past and past participle tagged)
- (transitive) To label (something).
- (transitive) To mark (something) with one's graffiti tag.
- (transitive) To remove dung tags from a sheep.
- Regularly tag the rear ends of your sheep.
- (transitive, baseball, colloquial) To hit the ball hard.
- He really tagged that ball.
- (transitive, vulgar, slang, 1990s) to have sex with someone (especially a man of a woman)
- Steve is dying to tag Angie from chemistry class.
- (transitive, baseball) To put a runner out by touching them with the ball or the ball in a gloved hand.
- He tagged the runner for the out.
- (transitive, computing) To mark with a tag (metadata for classification).
- Antonym: untag
- I am tagging my music files by artist and genre.
- (transitive, Internet) To attach the name of (a user) to a posted message so that they are linked from the post and possibly sent a notification.
- 2021, Julie B. Wiest, Theorizing Criminality and Policing in the Digital Media Age, page 82:
- One side wants to demonstrate a higher level of street knowledge and openly denounces the distorting lens of Instagram dissings; the other embraces the medium's branding affordances by sending “clout” to a third-party ally, while at the same time avoiding tagging the opponent.
- To follow closely, accompany, tag along.
- 1906 April, O. Henry [pseudonym; William Sydney Porter], “By Courier”, in The Four Million, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips & Co, →OCLC:
- A tall young man came striding through the park along the path near which she sat. Behind him tagged a boy carrying a suit-case.
- (transitive) To catch and touch (a player in the game of tag).
- (transitive) To fit with, or as if with, a tag or tags.
- 1911, Thomas Babington Macaulay, “Bunyan, John”, in 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica[4]:
- He learned to make long-tagged thread laces.
- 1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden, transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Eighth Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: Printed for Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC:
- His courteous host […] / Tags every sentence with some fawning word.
- To fasten; to attach.
- a. 1751, Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke, an essay
- they began to tag their law with the scraps of philofophy
- a. 1751, Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke, an essay
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
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Etymology 2
editBorrowed from Aramaic תגא (taga, “crown”). Doublet of taj.
Noun
edittag (plural tagin)
- A decoration drawn over some Hebrew letters in Jewish scrolls.
References
edit- “tag”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
Further reading
edit- tag (Hebrew writing) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- tag (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Anagrams
editCimbrian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Middle High German tag, tac, from Old High German tag, tac, from Proto-West Germanic *dag, from Proto-Germanic *dagaz. Cognate with German Tag, English day.
Noun
edittag m (plural taaghe)
Declension
editRelated terms
editReferences
edit- “tag” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Crimean Gothic
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Germanic *dagaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”).
Noun
edittag
- day
- 1562, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, (Please provide the book title or journal name):
- Tag. Dies.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms
editDanish
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Norse þak (“thatch, roof”), from Proto-Germanic *þaką, cognate with Swedish tak, English thack, thatch, German Dach, Dutch dak.
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittag n (singular definite taget, plural indefinite tage)
Declension
editDerived terms
editRelated terms
editEtymology 2
editFrom Old Norse tak (“hold, grasp”), cognate with Norwegian tak, Swedish tag. Derived from the verb taka (Danish tage).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittag n (singular definite taget, plural indefinite tag)
Declension
editEtymology 3
editBorrowed from English tag (since 1985).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittag n (singular definite tagget, plural indefinite tags)
Declension
editEtymology 4
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
editVerb
edittag
- imperative of tage
Dutch
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Noun
edittag n (plural tags, diminutive tagje n)
Finnish
editPronunciation
editNoun
edittag
- Alternative form of tagi
Declension
editInflection of tag (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | tag | tagit | |
genitive | tagin | tagien | |
partitive | tagia | tageja | |
illative | tagiin | tageihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | tag | tagit | |
accusative | nom. | tag | tagit |
gen. | tagin | ||
genitive | tagin | tagien | |
partitive | tagia | tageja | |
inessive | tagissa | tageissa | |
elative | tagista | tageista | |
illative | tagiin | tageihin | |
adessive | tagilla | tageilla | |
ablative | tagilta | tageilta | |
allative | tagille | tageille | |
essive | tagina | tageina | |
translative | tagiksi | tageiksi | |
abessive | tagitta | tageitta | |
instructive | — | tagein | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Further reading
edit- “tag”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][5] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
French
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
edittag m (plural tags)
German
editPronunciation
editVerb
edittag
Hungarian
editEtymology 1
editOf unknown origin.[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittag (plural tagok)
Declension
editInflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tag | tagok |
accusative | tagot | tagokat |
dative | tagnak | tagoknak |
instrumental | taggal | tagokkal |
causal-final | tagért | tagokért |
translative | taggá | tagokká |
terminative | tagig | tagokig |
essive-formal | tagként | tagokként |
essive-modal | tagul | — |
inessive | tagban | tagokban |
superessive | tagon | tagokon |
adessive | tagnál | tagoknál |
illative | tagba | tagokba |
sublative | tagra | tagokra |
allative | taghoz | tagokhoz |
elative | tagból | tagokból |
delative | tagról | tagokról |
ablative | tagtól | tagoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
tagé | tagoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
tagéi | tagokéi |
Possessive forms of tag | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | tagom | tagjaim |
2nd person sing. | tagod | tagjaid |
3rd person sing. | tagja | tagjai |
1st person plural | tagunk | tagjaink |
2nd person plural | tagotok | tagjaitok |
3rd person plural | tagjuk | tagjaik |
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editBorrowed from English tag (“piece of markup”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittag (plural tagek)
Declension
editInflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tag | tagek |
accusative | taget | tageket |
dative | tagnek | tageknek |
instrumental | taggel | tagekkel |
causal-final | tagért | tagekért |
translative | taggé | tagekké |
terminative | tagig | tagekig |
essive-formal | tagként | tagekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | tagben | tagekben |
superessive | tagen | tageken |
adessive | tagnél | tageknél |
illative | tagbe | tagekbe |
sublative | tagre | tagekre |
allative | taghez | tagekhez |
elative | tagből | tagekből |
delative | tagről | tagekről |
ablative | tagtől | tagektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
tagé | tageké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
tagéi | tagekéi |
Possessive forms of tag | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | tagem | tagjeim |
2nd person sing. | taged | tagjeid |
3rd person sing. | tagje | tagjei |
1st person plural | tagünk | tagjeink |
2nd person plural | tagetek | tagjeitek |
3rd person plural | tagjük | tagjeik |
Etymology 3
editBorrowed from English tag (“a piece of graffiti”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittag (plural tagek)
- tag (graffiti in the form of a stylized signature particular to the artist)
Declension
editInflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tag | tagek |
accusative | taget | tageket |
dative | tagnek | tageknek |
instrumental | taggel | tagekkel |
causal-final | tagért | tagekért |
translative | taggé | tagekké |
terminative | tagig | tagekig |
essive-formal | tagként | tagekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | tagben | tagekben |
superessive | tagen | tageken |
adessive | tagnél | tageknél |
illative | tagbe | tagekbe |
sublative | tagre | tagekre |
allative | taghez | tagekhez |
elative | tagből | tagekből |
delative | tagről | tagekről |
ablative | tagtől | tagektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
tagé | tageké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
tagéi | tagekéi |
Possessive forms of tag | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | tagem | tagjeim |
2nd person sing. | taged | tagjeid |
3rd person sing. | tagje | tagjei |
1st person plural | tagünk | tagjeink |
2nd person plural | tagetek | tagjeitek |
3rd person plural | tagjük | tagjeik |
References
edit- ^ tag in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
edit- tag in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Meriam
editNoun
edittag
Middle High German
editNoun
edittag m
- Alternative form of tac
Declension
editOld High German
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-West Germanic *dag, from Proto-Germanic *dagaz, whence also Old English dæġ, Old Norse dagr, Old Dutch and Old Saxon dag, Old High German tag, Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐍃 (dags). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittag m (plural taga)
- day
- tag after tage
- day after day
- tag after tage
Declension
editcase | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | tag | taga |
accusative | tag | taga |
genitive | tages | tago |
dative | tage | tagum |
instrumental | tagu | — |
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Middle High German: tac, tag, dach
References
edit- Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer
Polish
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
edittag m inan
Declension
editFurther reading
editPortuguese
editEtymology
editUnadapted borrowing from English tag.
Pronunciation
edit
Noun
edittag f or m (plural tags)
Sumerian
editRomanization
edittag
- Romanization of 𒋳 (tag)
Swedish
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
edittag n
- a grip, a hold (of something)
- Tappa inte taget
- Don't lose your grip
- Släpp inte taget!
- Don't let go [Don't release your grip]!
- ta tag i något
- grab something [take grip in something]
- få tag i någon/något
- get hold of someone/something
- (figuratively, in "ta tag i (något)") to get down to dealing with (something)
- a stroke (with oars or an oar, a paddle, or the like; in swimming)
- a while (limited, often short time period)
- Hon kommer om ett tag
- She will be here in a while
- Det kommer ta ett bra tag
- It will take a good while
- ett litet tag
- a little while
- Det är inget jag glömmer i första taget
- It's not something I will forget in a hurry [in the first while]
- a manner of doing something (can be thought of as "grips" as a metaphor for how one goes about something)
- en maskin som tål tuffa tag
- a machine that can take a beating ("that can stand tough grips")
- friska tag
- spunk, vigor ("fresh grips")
- Somliga gillar hårda tag
- Some like it rough
Declension
editDeclension of tag | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | tag | taget | tag | tagen |
Genitive | tags | tagets | tags | tagens |
Derived terms
editSee also
editVerb
edittag
- imperative of taga
Alternative forms
editReferences
edit- tag in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- tag in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- tag in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
editWelsh
editEtymology
editBack-formation from tagu (“to strangle, to choke”).
Noun
edittag m (plural tagau or tagion)
Derived terms
edit- llindag (“suffocation; snare; dodder; thrush”)
- tagaradr (“restharrow”)
- tagell (“gill; jowl”)
- tagfa (“choking, throttling; bottleneck”)
- taglys (“bindweed”)
Mutation
editWelsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
tag | dag | nhag | thag |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
edit- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tag”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
White Hmong
editEtymology
editSee tas.
Pronunciation
editNoun
edittag
- Alternative form of tas (“day segment”)
Particle
edittag
- Alternative form of tas (“completion particle”)
Usage notes
editMore commonly used than tas.
References
edit- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from North Germanic languages
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/æɡ
- Rhymes:English/æɡ/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Biochemistry
- English terms with quotations
- en:Music
- en:Television
- English informal terms
- en:Computing
- English terms with usage examples
- American English
- English slang
- English uncountable nouns
- en:Baseball
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English colloquialisms
- English vulgarities
- en:Internet
- English terms borrowed from Aramaic
- English terms derived from Aramaic
- English doublets
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Games
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Middle High German
- Cimbrian terms derived from Middle High German
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Old High German
- Cimbrian terms derived from Old High German
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Cimbrian lemmas
- Cimbrian nouns
- Cimbrian masculine nouns
- Sette Comuni Cimbrian
- Cimbrian first-declension nouns
- cim:Time
- Crimean Gothic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Crimean Gothic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Crimean Gothic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Crimean Gothic lemmas
- Crimean Gothic nouns
- gme-cgo:Time
- Crimean Gothic terms with quotations
- Danish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish neuter nouns
- Danish terms borrowed from English
- Danish terms derived from English
- da:Computing
- Danish non-lemma forms
- Danish verb forms
- Dutch terms borrowed from English
- Dutch terms derived from English
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch neuter nouns
- Finnish 1-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑɡ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑɡ/1 syllable
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish risti-type nominals
- French terms borrowed from English
- French terms derived from English
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- Rhymes:French/aɡ
- Rhymes:French/aɡ/1 syllable
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:German/aːk
- Rhymes:German/aːk/1 syllable
- German non-lemma forms
- German verb forms
- Hungarian terms with unknown etymologies
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒɡ
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒɡ/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian terms borrowed from English
- Hungarian terms derived from English
- Hungarian terms with manual IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛɡ
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛɡ/1 syllable
- hu:Computing
- Hungarian three-letter words
- Hungarian terms with multiple lemma etymologies
- Hungarian terms with multiple noun etymologies
- Meriam lemmas
- Meriam nouns
- Middle High German lemmas
- Middle High German nouns
- Middle High German masculine nouns
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old High German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German nouns
- Old High German masculine nouns
- Old High German a-stem nouns
- Polish terms derived from Middle English
- Polish terms borrowed from English
- Polish terms derived from English
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ak
- Rhymes:Polish/ak/1 syllable
- Polish terms with homophones
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- Polish inanimate nouns
- pl:Computing
- Portuguese terms borrowed from English
- Portuguese unadapted borrowings from English
- Portuguese terms derived from English
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- Portuguese nouns with multiple genders
- pt:Computing
- Sumerian non-lemma forms
- Sumerian romanizations
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish terms with audio links
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Swedish non-lemma forms
- Swedish verb forms
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh nouns
- Welsh countable nouns
- Welsh masculine nouns
- White Hmong terms with IPA pronunciation
- White Hmong lemmas
- White Hmong nouns
- White Hmong particles