slad

See also: slaď and ślad

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech slad, from Proto-Slavic *soldъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈslat]

Noun

slad m inan

1. malt

Declension

Declension of slad (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	slad	slady
genitive	sladu	sladů
dative	sladu	sladům
accusative	slad	slady
vocative	slade	slady
locative	sladu	sladech
instrumental	sladem	slady

Related terms

• sladký
• sládek

 

Further reading

• “slad”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
• “slad”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “slad”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Irish

Alternative forms

• slaid

Etymology

From Old Irish slat (“act of robbing, plundering; robbery, plunder”), verbal noun of slataid (“plunders, robs”, verb).

Pronunciation

• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /sˠl̪ˠædʲ/ (corresponding to the form slaid)

Noun

slad m (genitive singular slada, nominative plural sladanna)

1. verbal noun of slad
2. plunder, pillage; spoil, loot
3. devastation, havoc

Declension

Declension of slad

Third declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative slad sladanna Vocative a shlad a shladanna Genitive slada sladanna Dative slad sladanna

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an slad na sladanna Genitive an tslada na sladanna Dative leis an slad don slad leis na sladanna

Derived terms

• sladchonradh m (“cheap bargain”)
• sladmhargadh m (“cheap bargain”)
• sladphraghas m (“sacrifice price”)

Verb

slad (present analytic sladann, future analytic sladfaidh, verbal noun slad, past participle sladta) (transitive, intransitive)

1. plunder, pillage, loot
2. devastate, destroy

Conjugation

conjugation of slad (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	sladaim	sladann tú; sladair†	sladann sé, sí	sladaimid	sladann sibh	sladann siad; sladaid†	a shladann; a shladas / a sladann*; a sladas*	sladtar
	past	shlad mé; shladas	shlad tú; shladais	shlad sé, sí	shladamar; shlad muid	shlad sibh; shladabhair	shlad siad; shladadar	a shlad / ar shlad*	sladadh
	past habitual	shladainn / sladainn‡‡	shladtá / sladtᇇ	shladadh sé, sí / sladadh sé, s퇇	shladaimis; shladadh muid / sladaimis‡‡; sladadh muid‡‡	shladadh sibh / sladadh sibh‡‡	shladaidís; shladadh siad / sladaidís‡‡; sladadh siad‡‡	a shladadh / a sladadh*	shladtaí / sladta퇇
future		sladfaidh mé; sladfad	sladfaidh tú; sladfair†	sladfaidh sé, sí	sladfaimid; sladfaidh muid	sladfaidh sibh	sladfaidh siad; sladfaid†	a shladfaidh; a shladfas / a sladfaidh*; a sladfas*	sladfar
conditional		shladfainn / sladfainn‡‡	shladfá / sladfᇇ	shladfadh sé, sí / sladfadh sé, s퇇	shladfaimis; shladfadh muid / sladfaimis‡‡; sladfadh muid‡‡	shladfadh sibh / sladfadh sibh‡‡	shladfaidís; shladfadh siad / sladfaidís‡‡; sladfadh siad‡‡	a shladfadh / a sladfadh*	shladfaí / sladfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go slada mé; go sladad†	go slada tú; go sladair†	go slada sé, sí	go sladaimid; go slada muid	go slada sibh	go slada siad; go sladaid†	—	go sladtar
	past	dá sladainn	dá sladtá	dá sladadh sé, sí	dá sladaimis; dá sladadh muid	dá sladadh sibh	dá sladaidís; dá sladadh siad	—	dá sladtaí
imperative		sladaim	slad	sladadh sé, sí	sladaimis	sladaigí; sladaidh†	sladaidís	—	sladtar
verbal noun		slad
past participle		sladta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Alternative forms

• sladaigh

Derived terms

• sladach (“plundering, pillaging, looting; devastating, destructive”, adjective)
• sladaí m, sladaire m (“plunderer, pillager, looter”)
• sladaíocht f, sladaireacht f (“(act of) plundering, pillaging, looting”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
slad	shlad after an, tslad	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “slad”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 slat”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “slataid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “slad”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “slad”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Norwegian Nynorsk

Adjective

slad (neuter sladt, definite singular and plural slade)

1. (pre-1938) alternative form of sla

Noun

slad n (plural sladet)

1. (pre-1938) alternative form of sla

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Bulgarian слад (slad) or Serbo-Croatian slad.

Noun

slad n (uncountable)

1. malt

Declension

declension of slad (singular only)

	singular
n gender	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) slad	sladul
genitive/dative	(unui) slad	sladului
vocative	sladule

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *soldъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /slâːd/

Noun

slȃd m (Cyrillic spelling сла̑д)

1. malt

Declension

Declension of slad

	singular	plural
nominative	slad	sladovi
genitive	slada	sladova
dative	sladu	sladovima
accusative	slad	sladove
vocative	slade	sladovi
locative	sladu	sladovima
instrumental	sladom	sladovima

Related terms

• slȁdak

References

• “slad” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *soldъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [slat]

Noun

slad m inan (genitive singular sladu, nominative plural slady, genitive plural sladov, declension pattern of dub)

1. malt

Declension

Declension of slad

	singular	plural
nominative	slad	slady
genitive	sladu	sladov
dative	sladu	sladom
accusative	slad	slady
locative	slade	sladoch
instrumental	sladom	sladmi

References

• “slad”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *soldъ (“malt”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *salˀdus, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sláːt/
• Rhymes: -aːt
• Hyphenation: slad

Noun

slȃd m inan or f

1. (uncountable, masculine) malt (grain)

   Synonym: malt

2. (archaic, uncountable, masculine or feminine) sweetness

   Synonyms: sladkost, sladkoba, sladkota, slaj, slaja

3. (obsolete, feminine) lust, desire

   Synonyms: poželenje, sla, strast, cepetec

   • 1880, Franciscus de Sales, translated by Franc Rup, Filotea ali navod k pobožnemu življenju. (Philothea oder Anleitung zum frommen Leben. In das Slovenische übers. von Franz Rup.)‎^[1], page 123:

     Zatorej občuduje sv. Avguštin toliko čistost svojega ljubljenega Alipija; zakaj ta je sovražil mesene sladi, in si je spravil je popolnoma iz misli, čeravno mu v njegovi mladosti niso ostale neznane.

     Because of this, st. Augustine admires such purity of his beloved Alipi because he hated voluptuous lust, and he completely forgot about them, however, they did not stay foreign to him in his childhood.

Declension

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , long mixed accent, ending -u in genitive singular (singularia tantum)
nom. sing.	slȃd
gen. sing.	sladȗ
	singular
nominative imenovȃlnik	slȃd
genitive rodȋlnik	sladȗ
dative dajȃlnik	slȃdu, slȃdi
accusative tožȋlnik	slȃd
locative mẹ̑stnik	slȃdu, slȃdi
instrumental orọ̑dnik	slȃdom
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	slȃd

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , fixed accent (singularia tantum)
nom. sing.	slȃd
gen. sing.	slȃda
	singular
nominative imenovȃlnik	slȃd
genitive rodȋlnik	slȃda
dative dajȃlnik	slȃdu, slȃdi
accusative tožȋlnik	slȃd
locative mẹ̑stnik	slȃdu, slȃdi
instrumental orọ̑dnik	slȃdom
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	slȃd

Second feminine declension (i-stem) , long mixed accent
nom. sing.	slȃd
gen. sing.	sladȋ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	slȃd	sladȋ	sladȋ
genitive rodȋlnik	sladȋ	sladī	sladī
dative dajȃlnik	sládi	sladẹ̄ma	sladẹ̄m
accusative tožȋlnik	slȃd	sladȋ	sladȋ
locative mẹ̑stnik	sládi	sladẹ́h	sladẹ́h
instrumental orọ̑dnik	sladjọ́	sladẹ̄ma	sladmí
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	slȃd	sladȋ	sladȋ

Derived terms

• sladár
• sladaríca

 

See also

• ječmen
• pivo
• sladek (“sweet”)

Further reading

• “slad”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “slad”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references