reflex
English
editEtymology
editFrom Late Latin reflexus, past participle of reflectere (“to bend back”), equivalent to re- + flex. Photography sense is from noun sense meaning “reflection”. Compare English reflect.
Pronunciation
edit- (noun, adjective) IPA(key): /ˈɹiːflɛks/
Audio (UK): (file) - (verb) IPA(key): /ɹɪˈflɛks/
Audio (UK): (file)
Noun
editreflex (plural reflexes)
Examples |
---|
- An automatic response to a simple stimulus which does not require mental processing.
- 1970, Stanisław Lem, trans. Joanna Kilmartin and Steve Cox, Solaris:
- For a while, I shall have to make a conscious effort to smile, nod, stand and perform the thousands of little gestures which constitute life on Earth, and then those gestures will become reflexes again.
- 2012 May 5, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport[1]:
- He met Luis Suarez's cross at the far post, only for Chelsea keeper Petr Cech to show brilliant reflexes to deflect his header on to the bar. Carroll turned away to lead Liverpool's insistent protests that the ball had crossed the line but referee Phil Dowd and assistant referee Andrew Garratt waved play on, with even a succession of replays proving inconclusive.
- 1970, Stanisław Lem, trans. Joanna Kilmartin and Steve Cox, Solaris:
- (linguistics) The descendant of an earlier language element, such as a word or phoneme, in a daughter language.
- Synonym: derivative
- Antonym: etymon
- Coordinate term: cognate
- (linguistics, rare) The ancestor word corresponding to a descendant.
- 2011, Ki-Moon Lee, S. Robert Ramsey, A history of the Korean language:
- The Middle Korean reflex for mey was mwoy 뫼 (mwoy)
- The descendant of anything from an earlier time, such as a cultural myth.
- 1898, Christian Brinton, The Century:
- The superstition of the loup-garou, or werewolf, belongs to the folklore of most modern nations, and has its reflex in the story of "Little Red Riding-hood" and others.
- (chiefly photography) Reflection or an image produced by reflection. The light reflected from an illuminated surface to one in shade.
- A reflex camera uses a mirror to reflect the image onto a ground-glass viewfinder.
- c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:
- Yon gray is not the morning’s eye,
’Tis but the pale reflex of Cynthia's brow.
- 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, (please specify |part=Prologue or Rpilogue, or |canto=I to CXXIX):
- On the depths of death there swims
The reflex of a human face.
- 1897, Bram Stoker, Dracula, published 1993, page 88:
- Lucy is sleeping soundly; the reflex of the dawn is high and far over the sea[.]
Derived terms
editTranslations
edit
|
|
Adjective
editreflex (comparative more reflex, superlative most reflex)
- Bent, turned back or reflected.
- a. 1677 (date written), Matthew Hale, The Primitive Origination of Mankind, Considered and Examined According to the Light of Nature, London: […] William Godbid, for William Shrowsbery, […], published 1677, →OCLC:
- the reflex act of the soul, or the turning of the intellectual eye inward upon its own actions
- Produced automatically by a stimulus.
- (geometry, of an angle) Having greater than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees.
- 1878, James Maurice Wilson, Elementary Geometry, MacMillan, page 10:
- A polygon is said to be convex when no one of its angles is reflex.
- 1895, David Eugen Smith, Wooster Woodruff Bernan, New Plane and Solid Geometry, page 7:
- An angle less than a right angle is said to be acute; one greater than a right angle but less than a straight angle is said to be obtuse; one greater than a straight angle but less than a perigon is said to be reflex or convex.
- 1958, Howard Fehr, “On Teaching Dihedral Angle and Steradian” in The Mathematics Teacher, v 51, National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, page 275:
- If the reflex region is the interior of the angle, the dihedral angle is reflex.
- 1991, B. Falcidieno et al., “Configurable Representations in Feature-based Modelling”, in Eurographics '91: Proceedings, North-Holland, page 145:
- A reflex edge of a polyhedron is an edge where the inner dihedral angle subtended by two incident faces is greater than 180°.
- 2001, Esther M. Arkin et al., “On the Reflexivity of Point Sets”, in Algorithms and data structures: 7th International Workshop, WADS 2001: Proceedings, Springer, page 195:
- We say that an angle is convex if it is not reflex.
- 2004, Ana Paula Tomás and António Leslie Bajuelos, “Quadratic-Time Linear-Space Algorithms Generating Orthogonal Polygons with a Given Number of Vertices”, in Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2004 Proceedings, part 3, Springer, page 117:
- P denotes a polygon and r the number of reflex vertices.
- (painting) Illuminated by light reflected from another part of the same picture.
Synonyms
edit- (of an angle): re-entrant
Derived terms
edit- abdominal reflex
- abdominocardiac reflex
- Babinski reflex
- bass reflex
- conditioned reflex
- Cushing reflex
- dysphoric milk ejection reflex
- ergoreflex
- Ferguson reflex
- gag reflex
- Lombard reflex
- patellar reflex
- photic sneeze reflex
- pilomotor reflex
- reflex angle
- reflex arc
- reflex camera
- reflex hammer
- reflex mirror
- reflex response
- reflex sympathetic dystrophy
- reflex viewfinder
- rooting reflex
- single-lens reflex, single lens reflex, SLR
- startle reflex
- twin-lens reflex, twin lens reflex, TLR, dual-lens reflex
- unken reflex
Translations
edit
|
Verb
editreflex (third-person singular simple present reflexes, present participle reflexing, simple past and past participle reflexed)
- (transitive) To bend back or turn back over itself.
- (transitive, obsolete) To reflect (light, sight, etc.).
- (transitive, obsolete) To reflect or mirror (an object), to show the image of.
- (transitive, obsolete) To cast (beams of light) on something.
- c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act III, scene i:
- The ſpring is hindered by your ſmoothering hoſt,
For neither rain can fall vpon the earth,
Nor Sun reflexe his vertuous beames thereon.
The ground is mantled with ſuch multitudes.
- To respond to a stimulus.
Anagrams
editCatalan
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Latin reflexus. First attested in 1803.[1]
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editreflex (feminine reflexa, masculine plural reflexos, feminine plural reflexes)
- reflected
- Synonym: reflectit
- (psychology) reflex
- acte reflex ― reflex action
- (botany) reflexed
- (linguistics) reflexive
- Synonym: reflexiu
Noun
editreflex m (plural reflexos)
- reflection (something that is reflected)
- Synonym: reflexió
- reflex (an automatic response to a simple stimulus)
References
edit- ^ “reflex”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Further reading
edit- “reflex” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “reflex” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “reflex” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Czech
editNoun
editreflex m inan
Declension
editThis noun needs an inflection-table template.
Related terms
edit- See flexe
Further reading
editDutch
editEtymology
editBorrowed from French réflexe, from Latin reflexus.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editreflex m (plural reflexen, diminutive reflexjes n)
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- → Indonesian: refleks
Hungarian
editEtymology
editFrom German Reflex, from French réflexe.[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editreflex (plural reflexek)
- reflex (an automatic response to a simple stimulus which does not require mental processing)
- (photography) reflection
- Synonyms: visszfény, tükröződés
Declension
editInflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | reflex | reflexek |
accusative | reflexet | reflexeket |
dative | reflexnek | reflexeknek |
instrumental | reflexszel | reflexekkel |
causal-final | reflexért | reflexekért |
translative | reflexszé | reflexekké |
terminative | reflexig | reflexekig |
essive-formal | reflexként | reflexekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | reflexben | reflexekben |
superessive | reflexen | reflexeken |
adessive | reflexnél | reflexeknél |
illative | reflexbe | reflexekbe |
sublative | reflexre | reflexekre |
allative | reflexhez | reflexekhez |
elative | reflexből | reflexekből |
delative | reflexről | reflexekről |
ablative | reflextől | reflexektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
reflexé | reflexeké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
reflexéi | reflexekéi |
Possessive forms of reflex | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | reflexem | reflexeim |
2nd person sing. | reflexed | reflexeid |
3rd person sing. | reflexe | reflexei |
1st person plural | reflexünk | reflexeink |
2nd person plural | reflexetek | reflexeitek |
3rd person plural | reflexük | reflexeik |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Further reading
edit- reflex in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Romanian
editEtymology
editBorrowed from French réflexe, from Latin Reflex.
Adjective
editreflex m or n (feminine singular reflexă, masculine plural reflecși, feminine and neuter plural reflexe)
Declension
editsingular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | reflex | reflexă | reflecși | reflexe | ||
definite | reflexul | reflexa | reflecșii | reflexele | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | reflex | reflexe | reflecși | reflexe | ||
definite | reflexului | reflexei | reflecșilor | reflexelor |
Swedish
editEtymology
editFrom French réflexe, first attested 1811.[1]
Noun
editreflex c
- a reflex, a (quick and spontaneous) reaction
- a reflector (tag, strip or band; carried by pedestrians and bicyclists to be visible from automobiles)
- a reflex (reflection)
Declension
editDeclension of reflex | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | reflex | reflexen | reflexer | reflexerna |
Genitive | reflex | reflexens | reflexers | reflexernas |
Derived terms
edit- betingad reflex (“conditioned reflex”)
- reflexväst (“reflective vest, high-visibility vest”)
References
edit- ^ reflex in Svensk ordbok.
- English terms derived from Late Latin
- English terms prefixed with re-
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:Linguistics
- English terms with rare senses
- en:Photography
- English terms with usage examples
- English adjectives
- en:Geometry
- en:Painting
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with obsolete senses
- Catalan terms borrowed from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan adjectives
- ca:Psychology
- Catalan terms with usage examples
- ca:Botany
- ca:Linguistics
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan masculine nouns
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech terms spelled with X
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- cs:Psychology
- Dutch terms borrowed from French
- Dutch terms derived from French
- Dutch terms derived from Latin
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛks
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛks/2 syllables
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch masculine nouns
- Hungarian terms derived from German
- Hungarian terms derived from French
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛks
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛks/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- hu:Photography
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian adjectives
- Swedish terms borrowed from French
- Swedish terms derived from French
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns