harken
See also: Harken
English
editEtymology
editSee hearken
Pronunciation
edit- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈhɑːk(ə)n/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /ˈhɑɹkən/
- Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)kən
- Hyphenation: hark‧en
Verb
editharken (third-person singular simple present harkens, present participle harkening, simple past and past participle harkened)
- (transitive, intransitive, chiefly US) Alternative spelling of hearken: to hear, to listen, to have regard.
- 1697, Virgil, “The Fourth Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 143, lines 690–693:
- Ev'n from the depths of Hell the Damn'd advance, / Th' Infernal Manſions nodding ſeem to dance; / The gaping three-mouth'd Dog forgets to ſnarl, / The Furies harken, and their Snakes uncurl.
- 1843 January, Edgar A[llan] Poe, “The Tell-Tale Heart”, in J[ames] Russell Lowell, R[obert] Carter, editors, The Pioneer. A Literary and Critical Magazine, volume I, number I, Boston, Mass.: Leland and Whiting, […], →OCLC, page 29, column 1:
- How, then, am I mad? Harken! and observe how healthily—how calmly I can tell you the whole story.
- 1942, William Faulkner, “The Bear”, in Go Down, Moses, New York, N.Y.: Random House, →OCLC, section 5, page 326:
- [T]he mother who had shaped him if any had toward the man he almost was, [...] whom he had revered and harkened to and loved and lost and grieved: [...]
- (intransitive, US, figuratively) To hark back, to return or revert (to a subject, etc.), to allude to, to evoke, to long or pine for (a past event or era).
- 2005, Carol Padden, Tom L. Humphries, Inside Deaf Culture, page 48:
- Bell argued that the manual approach was "backwards," and harkened to a primitive age where humans used gesture and pantomime.
Usage notes
editWhere sense 2 is concerned, the bare form harken has been used since the 1980s, though some authorities frown upon this and prefer the traditional form hark back.
Derived terms
editDescendants
editReferences
edit- “harken”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- Merriam-Webster’s dictionary of English usage, 1995, page 497
- “Hark/Hearken”, Paul Brians, Common Errors in English Usage, (2nd Edition, November, 2008)
Anagrams
editDutch
editEtymology
editFrom early modern Dutch harcken, hercken, from hark (“rake”).
Pronunciation
editVerb
editharken
- to rake, to use a rake on
Inflection
editConjugation of harken (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | harken | |||
past singular | harkte | |||
past participle | geharkt | |||
infinitive | harken | |||
gerund | harken n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | hark | harkte | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | harkt, hark2 | harkte | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | harkt | harkte | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | harkt | harkte | ||
3rd person singular | harkt | harkte | ||
plural | harken | harkten | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | harke | harkte | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | harken | harkten | ||
imperative sing. | hark | |||
imperative plur.1 | harkt | |||
participles | harkend | geharkt | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Related terms
editDescendants
editGerman
editPronunciation
editVerb
editharken (weak, third-person singular present harkt, past tense harkte, past participle geharkt, auxiliary haben)
- (regional, Northern Germany) to rake
Conjugation
editinfinitive | harken | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | harkend | ||||
past participle | geharkt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich harke | wir harken | i | ich harke | wir harken |
du harkst | ihr harkt | du harkest | ihr harket | ||
er harkt | sie harken | er harke | sie harken | ||
preterite | ich harkte | wir harkten | ii | ich harkte1 | wir harkten1 |
du harktest | ihr harktet | du harktest1 | ihr harktet1 | ||
er harkte | sie harkten | er harkte1 | sie harkten1 | ||
imperative | hark (du) harke (du) |
harkt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Further reading
editCategories:
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)kən
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)kən/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- American English
- English terms with quotations
- en:Hearing
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑrkən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑrkən/2 syllables
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch verbs
- Dutch weak verbs
- Dutch basic verbs
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- Regional German
- Northern German