Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish cúl, cognate with Latin cūlus.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /kuːl̪ˠ/, /kuːlˠ/

Noun

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cúl m (genitive singular cúil, nominative plural cúil)

  1. behind
  2. back
  3. (sports) goal
    Synonym: báire
    1. (score gained)
    2. (target area)
      Synonym: góraí
  4. tail

Declension

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  • Alternative plural: cúla (used in certain phrases)

Derived terms

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Verb

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cúl (present analytic cúlann, future analytic cúlfaidh, verbal noun cúladh, past participle cúlta)

  1. Alternative form of cúlaigh

Conjugation

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Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
cúl chúl gcúl
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cúl”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *kūlos, from Proto-Indo-European *kuH-l-, from *(s)kewH- (to cover). Cognate with Welsh cil and Latin cūlus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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cúl m (genitive cúil, nominative plural cúil)

  1. back
  2. rear

Inflection

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Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative cúl cúlL cúilL
Vocative cúil cúlL cúluH
Accusative cúlN cúlL cúluH
Genitive cúilL cúl cúlN
Dative cúlL cúlaib cúlaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Irish: cúl
  • Manx: cooyl
  • Scottish Gaelic: cùl

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
cúl chúl cúl
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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