Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/věděti
Proto-Slavic
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Balto-Slavic *waid-, *waistei, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyde (“to have seen, to know”), perfect of *weyd- (“to see”). Cognate with Old Prussian waist (“to know”) (waidimai class 1p. pl.), Ancient Greek οἶδα (oîda), Proto-Germanic *witaną (whence English wit).
Verb
editAlternative forms
editConjugation
editVerbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*věděnьje | *věděti | *vědětъ | *vědělъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *věděnъ | *vědomъ |
Active | *věděvъ | *vědy |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *věděxъ | *vědě | *vědě | *vě(mь/dě) | *věsi | *věstь |
Dual | *věděxově | *věděsta | *věděste | *věvě | *věsta | *věste |
Plural | *věděxomъ | *věděste | *věděšę | *věmъ | *věste | *vědętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *věděaxъ | *věděaše | *věděaše | — | *věďь | *věďь |
Dual | *věděaxově | *věděašeta | *věděašete | *vědivě | *vědita | — |
Plural | *věděaxomъ | *věděašete | *věděaxǫ | *vědimъ | *vědite | — |
There is partial evidence that *věsti ~ *věděti originally had a different set of inflectional endings from the standardly used active endings. Only 1p. sg. *vědě[4][5] is securely attested, e.g. as part of:
Old Church Slavonic азъ боукꙑ вѣдѣ глаголити добро (azŭ buky vědě glagoliti dobro, “I know to speak letters well”)
which is formed by the names of the first five letters of the Glagolitic/Cyrillic alphabet.
Derived terms
edit- *vědati (factitive)
- *ověsti sę, *ověděti sę (“to get familiar with”)
- *perdъvěsti, *perdъvěděti (“to prelude”)
- *pověsti, *pověděti (“to decree, to preach”)
- *zapovědь (“order”)
- *propovědь (“sermon”)
- *sъvěsti, *sъvěděti (“to notify, to inform”)
- *věďa, *věděnьje (“knowledge”)
- *vědь (“awareness, prophesy”)
- *vědьma (“witch”)
- *věstь (“message”)
- *vědomъ (“aware”)
- *věščь (“proficient, wise”)
- *věstъ (“known”)
- *nevěsta (“bride”)
Descendants
edit- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
edit- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*věděti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 518: “v. ‘know’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “věděti: věmь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c vide (PR 139)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “vedeti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Slovan. *vě̋děti, sed. *vě(d)mь̏”
- ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ведь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- ^ Anikin, A. E. (2012) “ведь”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 6 (вал – вершок), Moscow: LRC, Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 174
Further reading
edit- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “ве́дать”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 137
- Anikin, A. E. (2012) “вѣ́дѣти”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), numbers 6 (вал – вершок), Moscow: LRC, Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 165
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ведать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вям, веш”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 140
Categories:
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic verbs
- Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs
- sla-conj with extra parameters/n
- Proto-Slavic athematic verbs
- Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -ě/C-
- Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm c