Niger
English
editEtymology
editCommonly linked by folk etymology to Latin niger (“black”), which likely influenced the modern spelling.
Some sources give the term to Tuareg roots, deriving it from a claimed gher n-gheren or egereou n-igereouen (“river of rivers”).[1][2] Compare Tarifit iɣzar-n-iɣezran.
Older sources derive Niger, via a series of mistranslations and geographic misplacements by Greek, Roman and Arab geographers, from Ptolemy's descriptions of the wadi Gir (in modern Algeria) and the "Lower Gir" (or "Ni-Gir") to the south.[3]
Pronunciation
edit- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈnaɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/ or, for the country, also /niːˈʒɛə(ɹ)/
- (General American) enPR: nīʹjər, IPA(key): /ˈnaɪ.d͡ʒɚ/ or, for the country, also enPR: nēzhârʹ, /niːˈʒɛɚ/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -aɪd͡ʒə(ɹ), -ɛə(ɹ)
Proper noun
editNiger or the Niger
- A country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria. Official name: Republic of the Niger.
- A major river in West Africa that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria.
- 2023, Stephen Buoro, The Five Sorrowful Mysteries of Andy Africa, Bloomsbury Circus, page 290:
- From here we can see the River Niger in the distance running across town, a long gleaming diamond in the horizon.
- A state of Nigeria in the North Central geopolitical zone. Capital and largest city: Minna.
Hypernyms
editMeronyms
edit- (regions of Niger) region of Niger; Agadez, Diffa, Dosso, Maradi, Niamey, Tahoua, Tillabéri, Zinder,
Related terms
editTranslations
edit
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See also
edit- Appendix:Countries of the world
- (countries of Africa) countries of Africa; Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Western Sahara, Zambia, Zimbabwe (Category: en:Countries in Africa) [edit]
References
edit- ^ C. K. Meek, The Niger and the Classics: The History of a Name. The Journal of African History. Vol. 1, No. 1 (1960), pp. 1-17
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “Niger”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ compare: The Penny Cyclopædia of the Society for the Diffusion of useful Knowledge, vol. 16 (Murillo—Organ), 1840, NIGER, or rather NIGIR
- ^ How Do You Pronounce "Niger"? by Avi Zenilman, July 16, 2003, Slate.com
- ^ So What Is This Place? by Nicholas D. Kristof, October 11, 2005, New York Times
Further reading
editAnagrams
editAfrikaans
editProper noun
editNiger
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria; capital: Niamey)
Derived terms
editCentral Huasteca Nahuatl
editProper noun
editNiger
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
Central Nahuatl
editProper noun
editNiger
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
Czech
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editNiger m inan (related adjective nigerský, demonym Nigeřan)
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
- Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)
Declension
editFurther reading
editDutch
editEtymology
editProbably borrowed from French Niger.
Pronunciation
editProper noun
editNiger n
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
Derived terms
editFinnish
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editNiger
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
Declension
editInflection of Niger (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | Niger | — | |
genitive | Nigerin | — | |
partitive | Nigeriä | — | |
illative | Nigeriin | — | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | Niger | — | |
accusative | nom. | Niger | — |
gen. | Nigerin | ||
genitive | Nigerin | — | |
partitive | Nigeriä | — | |
inessive | Nigerissä | — | |
elative | Nigeristä | — | |
illative | Nigeriin | — | |
adessive | Nigerillä | — | |
ablative | Nigeriltä | — | |
allative | Nigerille | — | |
essive | Nigerinä | — | |
translative | Nigeriksi | — | |
abessive | Nigerittä | — | |
instructive | — | — | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of Niger (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
editFrench
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editNiger m
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
Derived terms
editSee also
editGerman
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editder Niger m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Niger or des Nigers) or
Niger n (proper noun, genitive Nigers or (optionally with an article) Niger)
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
- Synonyms: Republik Niger, (obsolete) Nigerien n
Derived terms
editProper noun
editder Niger m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Niger or des Nigers)
- Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)
Related terms
editSee also
edit- Nigerianer (“Nigerian, person from Nigeria”)
- nigerianisch
- (countries of Africa) Staaten Afrikas; Ägypten, Algerien, Angola, Äquatorialguinea, Äthiopien, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Dschibuti, Elfenbeinküste, Eritrea, Eswatini, Gabun, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kamerun, Kap Verde, Kenia, Komoren, Demokratische Republik Kongo, Republik Kongo, Lesotho, Liberia, Libyen, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Marokko, Mauretanien, Mauritius, Mosambik, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Ruanda, Sambia, São Tomé und Príncipe, Senegal, Seychellen, Sierra Leone, Simbabwe, Somalia, Südafrika, Sudan, Südsudan, Tansania, Togo, Tschad, Tunesien, Uganda, Zentralafrikanische Republik (Category: de:Countries in Africa)
Hungarian
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editNiger
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
- Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)
Declension
editInflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | Niger | — |
accusative | Nigert | — |
dative | Nigernek | — |
instrumental | Nigerrel | — |
causal-final | Nigerért | — |
translative | Nigerré | — |
terminative | Nigerig | — |
essive-formal | Nigerként | — |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | Nigerben | — |
superessive | Nigeren | — |
adessive | Nigernél | — |
illative | Nigerbe | — |
sublative | Nigerre | — |
allative | Nigerhez | — |
elative | Nigerből | — |
delative | Nigerről | — |
ablative | Nigertől | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
Nigeré | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
Nigeréi | — |
Possessive forms of Niger | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | Nigerem | — |
2nd person sing. | Nigered | — |
3rd person sing. | Nigere, Nigerje | — |
1st person plural | Nigerünk | — |
2nd person plural | Nigeretek | — |
3rd person plural | Nigerük, Nigerjük | — |
Derived terms
editItalian
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editNiger m
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
- Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)
Derived terms
editAnagrams
editLatin
editEtymology
editFrom niger (“black, dark”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈni.ɡer/, [ˈnɪɡɛr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈni.d͡ʒer/, [ˈniːd͡ʒer]
Proper noun
editNiger m (genitive Nigrī); second declension
- A Roman agnomen, or "nickname"
- (Marcus Valerius Messalla Niger, Aquilius Niger)[1]
Declension
editSecond-declension noun (nominative singular in -er).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | Niger | Nigrī |
Genitive | Nigrī | Nigrōrum |
Dative | Nigrō | Nigrīs |
Accusative | Nigrum | Nigrōs |
Ablative | Nigrō | Nigrīs |
Vocative | Niger | Nigrī |
Proper noun
editNiger m sg (genitive Nigris); third declension
- Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)
- 1534, Joachim Vadianus, Epitome trium terrae partium Asiae, Africae et Europae compendiariam...:
- Efficit autem hoc suo flexu, ut etiam ultra Athlantem Africa ad usque Nigrim fluuium excurrat, Plinio & Ptolemaeo.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
editThird-declension noun, singular only.
Case | Singular |
---|---|
Nominative | Niger |
Genitive | Nigris |
Dative | Nigrī |
Accusative | Nigrim |
Ablative | Nigre |
Vocative | Niger |
References
edit- “Niger”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Further reading
edit- “Niger”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “Niger”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Norwegian Bokmål
editProper noun
editNiger
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
Related terms
editNorwegian Nynorsk
editProper noun
editNiger
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
Related terms
editPolish
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editNiger m
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
- Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)
Declension
editDerived terms
editFurther reading
edit- Niger in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Serbo-Croatian
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editNȉger m (Cyrillic spelling Ни̏гер)
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
- Niger (a major river in West Africa, that flows into the Gulf of Guinea in Nigeria)
Declension
editSwahili
editProper noun
editNiger
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
See also
edit- (countries of Africa) nchi za Afrika; Algeria or Aljeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Kamerun or Cameroon or Kameruni, Jamhuri ya Afrika ya Kati, Chad or Chadi, Komori or Visiwa vya Ngazija, Cote d'Ivoire or Kodivaa, Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo or Kongo-Kinshasa, Jibuti or Djibouti, Misri or Umisri, Guinea ya Ikweta or Ginekweta, Eritrea, Ethiopia or Uhabeshi or Habeshi, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea or Gine or Gini, Guinea Bisau or Guinea-Bisau or Ginebisau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagaska or Bukini, Malawi or Unyasa, Mali, Mauritania, Morisi, Mayotte, Moroko or Maroko, Msumbiji or Mozambik, Namibia, Niger or Nijeri, Nigeria or Nijeria or Naijeria, Jamhuri ya Kongo or Kongo-Brazzaville, Réunion, Rwanda or Ruanda, Mtakatifu Helena, Sao Tome na Principe, Senegal or Senegali, Shelisheli, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Afrika Kusini, Sudan Kusini, Sudan, Uswazi or Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Sahara ya Magharibi, Zambia, Zimbabwe (Category: sw:Countries in Africa) [edit]
Swedish
editPronunciation
editProper noun
editNiger n (genitive Nigers)
- Niger (a country in West Africa, situated to the north of Nigeria)
Related terms
editAnagrams
edit- English terms derived from Tuareg
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/aɪd͡ʒə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/ɛə(ɹ)/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English proper nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- en:Niger
- en:Countries in Africa
- en:Countries
- en:Rivers in Africa
- English terms with quotations
- en:Niger State, Nigeria
- en:States of Nigeria
- en:Places in Nigeria
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans proper nouns
- af:Niger
- af:Countries in Africa
- af:Countries
- Central Huasteca Nahuatl lemmas
- Central Huasteca Nahuatl proper nouns
- nch:Niger
- nch:Countries in Africa
- nch:Countries
- Central Nahuatl lemmas
- Central Nahuatl proper nouns
- nhn:Niger
- nhn:Countries in Africa
- nhn:Countries
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech proper nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- cs:Niger
- cs:Countries in Africa
- cs:Countries
- cs:Rivers in Africa
- Czech uncountable nouns
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns
- Dutch terms borrowed from French
- Dutch terms derived from French
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch proper nouns
- Dutch neuter nouns
- nl:Niger
- nl:Countries in Africa
- nl:Countries
- Finnish terms derived from French
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/iɡer
- Rhymes:Finnish/iɡer/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish proper nouns
- fi:Niger
- fi:Countries in Africa
- fi:Countries
- Finnish risti-type nominals
- Finnish uncountable nouns
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French proper nouns
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Niger
- fr:Countries in Africa
- fr:Countries
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German proper nouns
- German masculine nouns
- German neuter nouns
- de:Niger
- de:Countries in Africa
- de:Countries
- de:Rivers in Africa
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛr
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛr/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian proper nouns
- hu:Niger
- hu:Countries in Africa
- hu:Countries
- hu:Rivers in Africa
- Hungarian nouns with two ways to form the possessive
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/idʒer
- Rhymes:Italian/idʒer/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian proper nouns
- Italian masculine nouns
- it:Niger
- it:Countries in Africa
- it:Countries
- it:Rivers in Africa
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin proper nouns
- Latin second declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the second declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the third declension
- la:Rivers in Africa
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin agnomina
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål proper nouns
- nb:Niger
- nb:Countries in Africa
- nb:Countries
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk proper nouns
- nn:Niger
- nn:Countries in Africa
- nn:Countries
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/iɡɛr
- Rhymes:Polish/iɡɛr/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish proper nouns
- Polish masculine nouns
- pl:Niger
- pl:Countries in Africa
- pl:Countries
- pl:Rivers in Africa
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian proper nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- sh:Niger
- sh:Countries in Africa
- sh:Countries
- sh:Rivers in Africa
- Swahili lemmas
- Swahili proper nouns
- sw:Niger
- sw:Countries in Africa
- sw:Countries
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish terms with audio links
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish proper nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns
- sv:Niger
- sv:Countries in Africa
- sv:Countries