๐จ
See also: Appendix:Variations of "me"
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Translingual
editCuneiform sign
edit๐จ | Sign Number | |
---|---|---|
MZL | 753 | |
Deimel | 532 | |
HZL | 357 | |
Components | ||
๐น, ๐ธ |
Derived signs
editReferences
edit- R. Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon (MZL), Mรผnster (2003)
- A. Deimel, ล umerisches Lexikon (Deimel), Rome (1947)
- Chr. Rรผster, E. Neu, Hethitisches Zeichenlexikon (HZL), Wiesbaden (1989)
Akkadian
editSign values
editSign | ๐จ |
---|---|
Sumerograms | Iล IB, ME, MEล โ |
Phoneticย values | me, miโ, ลกib/ลกip |
Sumerian
editEtymology 1
editVerb
edit๐จ โข (me)
- to be
- ๐ท๐ ๐๐พ๐จ๐ โ gฬeโโ-e a-na-me-en /gฬe anamen/ โ What am I?
- ๐ ๐ฌ๐ฎ โ ma-mu-dam /mamudam/ โ It was a dream.
- ๐ท๐ ๐ ๐๐ ๐๐จ๐๐๐ โ gฬaโ-e uโ za-e ลกeลก-me-en-deโ-en /gฬe u ze ลกeลกmenden/ โ You and I are brothers.
Usage notes
edit- ๐จ (me) is only used as a copula. To express the existential meaning of "to be somewhere", "to be there" the verb ๐ (gฬalโ /โ gฬalโ /) is used instead.
- The copula is inflected like an intransitive verb in the perfective. Independent and enclitic forms are in complementary distribution: the enclitic form is used when the copula would otherwise only consist of a vocalic prefix, verbal stem and person suffix; the independent form is used in all other cases.
- The copula lacks the distinction of tense and aspect. Only the context can clarify whether the copula refers to past, present or future.
- In Old Sumerian, the final consonant of the person suffixes was not written (so both ๐จ๐ (me-en /โ menโ /) and ๐ (me-eลก /โ meลกโ /) were written ๐จ (me)); the third person enclitic form was written ๐ญ (amโ /โ amโ /).
- After clitics ending in a vowel, the third person enclitic form ๐๐ญ (amโ /โ amโ /) was reduced to /m/ already in Old Sumerian. Like other syllable-final consonants, it was never written during that period and only occasionally from Old Akkadian on:
- ๐๐ฌ โ eโ-gฬuโโ /egฬรปm/ โ it's my house
Inflection
editConjugation of ๐จ (me) | ||
---|---|---|
independent | enclitic | |
1st singular | ๐จ๐ men | |
2nd singular | ๐จ๐ men | |
3rd singular | ๐จ me |
๐๐ญ am |
1st plural | ๐จ๐๐๐ menden | |
2nd plural | ๐จ๐๐ข๐ menzen | |
3rd plural | ๐ meลก |
Etymology 2
editPronoun
edit๐จ โข (me /mฤ/)
- (enclitic) our (first-person plural possessive pronoun)
Usage notes
edit- The /e/ of ๐จ (me) does not contract with the locative case marker:
- ๐ท๐จ๐ โ iri-me-a /irimฤ'a/ โ in our city
- The /e/ of ๐จ (me) contracts with the vowel of the genitive case marker, resulting in /รช/:
- ๐๐พ๐จ๐ โ egir dub-me-ka /egir dubmรชka/ โ on the reverse of our tablet
Etymology 3
editNoun
edit๐จ โข (iลกib)
Verb
edit๐จ โข (iลกib)
See also
editSumerian possessive pronouns | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
1st singular | ๐ฌ gฬu |
๐จ mฤ | |
2nd singular | ๐ช zu |
๐ช๐๐ zunฤnฤ | |
3rd singular | hum. | ๐๐ ane |
๐๐๐ anฤnฤ |
nhum. | ๐ be |