Wiktionary

貞

See also: 贞
貞 U+8C9E, 貞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8C9E
← 貝
[U+8C9D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 貟 →
[U+8C9F]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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貞 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+2, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜月山金 (YBUC), four-corner 21806, composition ⿱⺊貝)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1204, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36658
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1665, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3622, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+8C9E

Chinese

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trad. 貞
simp. 贞
alternative forms 鼑
𠨀
𣦵
𭾛

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (貞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
偵 *rtaːŋs, *tʰeŋ, *tʰeŋs
幀 *rtɯːŋs
湞 *rdeːŋ, *teŋ
貞 *teŋ
楨 *teŋ
禎 *teŋ
赬 *tʰeŋ
遉 *tʰeŋs

Pictogram (象形) - a ding (oracle bone script  ,  ; same as 鼎 (OC *kleːŋʔ)). Borrowed for “to divine”. Later 卜 (“to divine”) was added as a semantic component (oracle bone script  ; bronze script  ）.

Etymology

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Various comparisons have been proposed. Within Chinese, it has been compared to 偵 (OC *tʰeŋ, “to test; to detect”) (Schuessler, 2007), 正 (OC *tjeŋs, “correct; right”) (Sagart and Ma, 2020). Outside of Chinese, it has been compared to Tibetan དྲང་པོ (drang po, “straight”) (Sagart, 2020b).

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 貞
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂən⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂən²¹/
/t͡sən²¹/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /tʃəŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂẽ²¹/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂə̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡sən⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡sən⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡sen⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂə̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂən³¹/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂən²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡səŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡səŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡sən⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sen³³/
Wenzhou /t͡seŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕiʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕiɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂən³³/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂən³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sɨn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sən⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /tʃen²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡seŋ⁵³/
Nanning /t͡seŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tiŋ⁵⁵/
/t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tiŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /teiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡seŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡seŋ²³/
Rime
Character 貞
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 清 (121)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 陟盈切
Baxter trjeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʈiᴇŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈiɛŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȶiæŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈiajŋ/
Li
Rong 		/ȶiɛŋ/
Wang
Li 		/ȶĭɛŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȶi̯ɛŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhēng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zing1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 貞 貞
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhēn zhēn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ trjeng › ‹ trjeng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*treŋ/ /*treŋ/
English straight; correct divine (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 貞
Reading # 1/1
No. 17027
Phonetic
component 		貞
Rime
group 		耕
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		貞
Old
Chinese 		/*teŋ/
Notes 說文鼎省聲，甲文原假借鼎字

Definitions

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貞

  1. virtuous; chaste; pure
  2. loyal; faithful
    忠貞／忠贞  ―  zhōngzhēn  ―  loyal and steadfast
  3. † to divine

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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貞

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. virtue, faithfulness, uprighteousness
  2. chastity

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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貞 • (jeong) (hangeul 정, revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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貞: Hán Nôm readings: trinh, riêng, tranh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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