泛

See also: 汎 and 氾

泛 U+6CDB, 泛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CDB ← 泚 [U+6CDA] CJK Unified Ideographs 泜 → [U+6CDC]

Translingual

Han character

泛 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 水+4 in mainland China and Japanese, 8 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 7 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 水竹戈人 (EHIO), four-corner 3213₇, composition ⿰氵乏)

Derived characters

• 𭈠, 𣓦, 𥁷

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 616, character 21
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17298
• Dae Jaweon: page 1011, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1569, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6CDB

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乏) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
砭	*prom, *proms
貶	*promʔ
窆	*proms
泛	*pʰoms, *bob
姂	*pʰoms, *bob, *kpʰob
䒦	*pʰom, *pʰoms
柉	*bom
覂	*poŋʔ
眨	*sproːb
鴔	*brub
乏	*bob

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰoms, *bob) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 乏 (OC *bob).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		泛
alternative forms		汎／泛 氾 滼

Sino-Tibetan. Compare Tibetan འབྱམ ('byam, “to flow over; to diffuse”) (Bodman, 1980).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fan⁴

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): faan³ / faan⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fan⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): fan⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fam

  (Meixian, Guangdong): fam⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): fan³
• Northern Min (KCR): huāng
• Eastern Min (BUC): huáng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hoàn / hàm / hoān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huam³ / huang³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵fe
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fan⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
    • Wade–Giles: fan⁴
    • Yale: fàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
    • Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: fan⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: faan³ / faan⁶
    • Yale: faan / faahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faan³ / faan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: fan³ / fan⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn³³/, /faːn²²/

Note: faan6 - common variant in Hong Kong.

• • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: fan⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: fan⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fan¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fam
    • Hakka Romanization System: fam
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fam⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fam⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: fam⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fam⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: fan³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /fæ̃⁴⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huāng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuaŋ⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: huáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huɑŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn
    • Tâi-lô: huàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /huan²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hàm
    • Tâi-lô: hàm
    • Phofsit Daibuun: haxm
    • IPA (Taipei): /ham¹¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ham⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /ham²¹/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
    • Tâi-lô: huān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huan³³/

Note:

• hoàn - literary;
• hàm - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: huam³ / huang³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huàm / huàng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huam²¹³/, /huaŋ²¹³/

Note:

• huam3 - Chaozhou, Raoping, Jieyang;
• huang3 - Shantou, Chenghai, Chaoyang.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵fe
    • MiniDict: fe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²fe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fe³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: fan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸan⁴⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: phjomH

Rime
Character	泛
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	凡 (146)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	孚梵切
Baxter	phjomH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰɨɐmH/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰiɐmH/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiɐmH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰuamH/
Li Rong	/pʰiɐmH/
Wang Li	/pʰĭwɐmH/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯wɐmH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰ(r)[o]m-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰoms/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	泛
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fàn
Middle Chinese	‹ phjomH ›
Old Chinese	/*pʰ(r)[o]m-s/
English	to float
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泛
Reading #	1/2
No.	2844
Phonetic component	乏
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	汎
Old Chinese	/*pʰoms/

Definitions

泛

1. ^† to float on water; to drift
2. to spread out; to be suffused with
3. to flood; to overflow
4. superficial; non-specific
5. extensive; general; pan-
6. ^† careless; reckless

Compounds

• 寬泛／宽泛 (kuānfàn)
• 平平泛泛
• 廣泛／广泛 (guǎngfàn)
• 拍泛
• 挑泛
• 捻泛
• 梗泛
• 泛動／泛动
• 泛化 (fànhuà)
• 泛問／泛问
• 泛子
• 泛宅
• 泛常
• 泛心論／泛心论 (fànxīnlùn)
• 泛指 (fànzhǐ)
• 泛泛 (fànfàn)
• 泛泛之交 (fànfànzhījiāo)
• 泛泛之輩／泛泛之辈
• 泛泛而談／泛泛而谈 (fànfàn'értán)
• 泛溢 (fànyì)
• 泛潮
• 泛濫／泛滥 (fànlàn)
• 泛濫成災／泛滥成灾 (fànlànchéngzāi)
• 泛神論／泛神论 (fànshénlùn)
• 泛紅／泛红
• 泛索
• 泛聲／泛声
• 泛脣泛舌／泛唇泛舌
• 泛舟 (fànzhōu)
• 泛覽／泛览
• 泛論／泛论 (fànlùn)
• 泛起
• 泛靈信仰／泛灵信仰
• 泛音 (fànyīn)
• 泛頭／泛头
• 泛駕之馬／泛驾之马
• 活泛
• 浮家泛宅
• 浮泛 (fúfàn)
• 漂泛
• 科泛
• 空泛 (kōngfàn)
• 膚泛／肤泛
• 虛泛／虚泛
• 說泛／说泛
• 調泛／调泛
• 飄泛／飘泛

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (泛):

• → Japanese: 汎(はん) (han); 汎(ほん) (hon)
• → Korean: 범(泛) (beom)
• → Vietnamese: phiếm (泛)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		泛

From 覂 (OC *poŋʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fěng (feng³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fung² / fung³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fěng
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fǒng
    • Wade–Giles: fêng³
    • Yale: fěng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feeng
    • Palladius: фэн (fɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fung² / fung³
    • Yale: fúng / fung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fung² / fung³
    • Guangdong Romanization: fung² / fung³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ³⁵/, /fʊŋ³³/

Definitions

泛

1. ^† to turn over; to topple over
2. ^† to be destroyed; to be defeated; to fall

Derived terms

• 泛卮
• 泛駕／泛驾

 

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		泛

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fá (fa²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄚˊ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fá
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄚˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fá
    • Wade–Giles: fa²
    • Yale: fá
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: far
    • Palladius: фа (fa)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fä³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: bjop

Rime
Character	泛
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	乏 (148)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	房法切
Baxter	bjop
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/biɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/biɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buap̚/
Li Rong	/biɐp̚/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faat6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*bob/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泛
Reading #	2/2
No.	2853
Phonetic component	乏
Rime group	盍
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	乏
Old Chinese	/*bob/

Definitions

泛

1. ^‡ The sound of water.

References

• “泛”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02181

Japanese

Kanji

泛

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ふう (fū); ほん (hon)
• Kan-on: はん (han); ほう (hō)
• Kun: うかぶ (ukabu, 泛ぶ); こぼれる (koboreru, 泛る)

Usage notes

This character is not a modern Japanese character. It appears mostly in news reports of China or Taiwan issues. The character 汎 is the modern Japanese character which parallels this Chinese character in usage, such as in reports about the Pan-Blue Alliance written as 泛藍連盟 in Japanese news reports.

Korean

Hanja

泛 • (beom, bong) (hangeul 범, 봉, revised beom, bong, McCune–Reischauer pŏm, pong, Yale pem, pong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

泛: Hán Nôm readings: phiếm, phím, mẹp, phám

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.