戇
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Translingual
editHan character
edit戇 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+24, 28 strokes, cangjie input 難卜金心 (XYCP) or 卜金心 (YCP), four-corner 07338, composition ⿱贛心)
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 409, character 31
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11525
- Dae Jaweon: page 751, character 30
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2373, character 4
- Unihan data for U+6207
Chinese
editGlyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 戇 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kr'oːms, *qʰloːms) : phonetic 贛 (OC *kluːmʔ, *kluːms, *kromʔ, *kloːms) + semantic 心.
Etymology 1
edittrad. | 戇 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 戆 | |
alternative forms | 戅 𢥹 𢦀 贛/赣 |
“Stupid”. Attested abundantly in Old Chinese, but obsolete in modern varieties. Compared with Proto-Mon *trɔɔʔ (> Mon သ္ဒိုဟ် (tɜ̀h, “foolish, stupid”)) by Schuessler (2007).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhuàng
- Wade–Giles: chuang4
- Yale: jwàng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juanq
- Palladius: чжуан (čžuan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zong3
- Yale: jong
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzong3
- Guangdong Romanization: zong3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔːŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: xuwngH, traewngH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰˤoŋ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kr'oːms/, /*qʰloːms/
Definitions
edit戇
Etymology 2
edittrad. | 戇 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 戆 | |
alternative forms | 戅 怣 Min Nan 憨 Min Nan 慐/𰑟 Min Nan 惷 Min Nan |
Dialectally preserved word for “stupid”, attested since Middle Chinese. Relationship to Etymology 1 is unknown.
Compare Proto-Central Chin *ŋoŋ (“dull, stupid”) > Mizo ngawng (“dull, stupid”), Proto-Tai-Kadai *ŋV:ŋ.T (“stupid”) > Zhuang nguengh (“stupid”), as well as Old Khmer lṅaṅya (“stupid, obtuse, ignorant”) > Khmer ល្ងង់ (lngŭəng)).
Bauer (1996) suggests that this root may have entered Old Southern Chinese during the period of its early contact with Tai-speaking peoples in southern China.
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngâung
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gaon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gàng
- Wade–Giles: kang4
- Yale: gàng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ganq
- Palladius: ган (gan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngong6
- Yale: ngohng
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngong6
- Guangdong Romanization: ngong6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɔːŋ²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngong5
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡɔŋ³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngong
- Hakka Romanization System: ngong
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngong4
- Sinological IPA: /ŋoŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngâung
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɑuŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Definitions
edit戇
- (Cantonese, Hakka, Min, Wu) stupid; foolish; simple; simple-minded
- (dialectal Mandarin) stubborn; bull-headed
- (dialectal Mandarin) frank; honest; straight
Synonyms
editCompounds
editReferences
edit- “Entry #13447”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
editKanji
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
editKorean
editHanja
edit戇 • (dang) (hangeul 당, revised dang, McCune–Reischauer tang, Yale tang)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
editHan character
edit戇: Hán Việt readings: tráng (
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
References
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