See also:
U+615A, 慚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-615A

[U+6159]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+615B]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 61, +11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心十十中 (PJJL), four-corner 92021, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 398, character 40
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11096
  • Dae Jaweon: page 738, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2344, character 20
  • Unihan data for U+615A

Chinese

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *zaːm) : phonetic (OC *ʔsreːmʔ) + semantic (heart)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (15)
Final () (143)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter dzam
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡zɑm/
Pan
Wuyun
/d͡zɑm/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡zɑm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/d͡zam/
Li
Rong
/d͡zɑm/
Wang
Li
/d͡zɑm/
Bernard
Karlgren
/d͡zʱɑm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
cán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
caam4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
cán
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzam ›
Old
Chinese
/*[dz]ˁam/
English ashamed

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 16788
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*zaːm/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. ashamed; embarrassed

Usage notes

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Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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(cham) (hangeul , revised cham, McCune–Reischauer ch'am, Yale cham)

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: tàm, tuồm, tam, tom, tùm

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