你
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Translingual
edit| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Traditional | 儞 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai (extended) |
你 |
| Simplified | 你 |
Han character
edit你 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人弓火 (ONF), four-corner 27290 or 27292, composition ⿰亻尔 or ⿰亻尓)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 100, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 471
- Dae Jaweon: page 205, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 137, character 5
- Unihan data for U+4F60
Chinese
edit| trad. | 你/妳* | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 你 | |
| alternative forms | ||
Glyph origin
edit| Historical forms of the character 你 |
|---|
Transcribed ancient scripts  L14036  L14037  L14038  L14039 |
|
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nɯʔ) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 尔 (OC *njelʔ). Alternatively, Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 人 (“person”) + 尔 (“you”)
Etymology 1
editColloquial form of 爾 (OC *njelʔ, “you”) attested since the Tang dynasty. Ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *na-ŋ (“you”).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyi3
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): nì
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ни (ni, II)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): n3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ni2
- Northern Min (KCR): nì
- Eastern Min (BUC): nī
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1ni / 2ni / 3ni
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): nyi3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nǐ
- Wade–Giles: ni3
- Yale: nǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nii
- Palladius: ни (ni)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: nyi3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ni
- Sinological IPA (key): /nʲi⁵³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: nì
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni⁵³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ни (ni, II)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni⁵¹/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: nei5
- Yale: néih
- Cantonese Pinyin: nei5
- Guangdong Romanization: néi5
- Sinological IPA (key): /nei̯¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: nei1 / nei4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ⁿdei³³/, /ⁿdei²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- nei1 - vernacular;
- nei4 - literary.
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: n3
- Sinological IPA (key): /n̩²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngì / ǹ / ǹg / nì
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiˇ / nˇ / ngˇ / niˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngi2 / n2 / ng2 / ni2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi¹¹/, /n¹¹/, /ŋ̍¹¹/, /ni¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngì / ǹ
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiˇ / nˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngi2 / n2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi¹¹/, /n¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
Note:
- Meixian:
- ngi2/n2 - vernacular;
- ni1 - literary.
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ni2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ni⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nì
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nī
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡi³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu, Philippines, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lí
- Tâi-lô: lí
- Phofsit Daibuun: lie
- IPA (Philippines): /li⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Tainan, Yilan): /li⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /li⁴¹/
- IPA (Singapore): /li⁴²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Tong'an, Zhao'an, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Magong, Singapore, Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lú
- Tâi-lô: lú
- Phofsit Daibuun: luo
- IPA (Taipei): /lu⁵³/
- IPA (Penang): /lu⁴⁴⁵/
- IPA (Singapore): /lu⁴²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Hsinchu, Philippines, Singapore)
Note:
- lí/lír/lú - vernacular (common substitute for 汝);
- ní - literary.
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*nɯʔ/
Definitions
edit你
- you (the person spoken to or written to)
Usage notes
editIn traditional Chinese, 你 may be used to specifically refer to a male person, while 妳 can be used for a female person. In simplified Chinese, only 你 is standard.
Synonyms
editDialectal synonyms of 你 (“you (singular)”) [map]
Compounds
edit- 一場官司一場火，任你好漢沒處躲／一场官司一场火，任你好汉没处躲
- 不是你死，就是我活
- 不是我，便是你
- 不瞞你說／不瞒你说
- 不說話，沒人當你是啞吧／不说话，没人当你是哑吧
- 你三我四
- 你丟我撿／你丢我捡
- 你个
- 你來我往／你来我往
- 你個／你个
- 你們／你们
- 你儂／你侬 (nǐnóng)
- 你儂我儂／你侬我侬 (nǐnóngwǒnóng)
- 你儜／你佇
- 你咱
- 你好 (nǐ hǎo)
- 你娘
- 你媽的／你妈的 (nǐmāde)
- 你家
- 你家的
- 你懣／你懑
- 你我 (nǐwǒ)
- 你推我擠／你推我挤
- 你推我讓／你推我让
- 你敦
- 你有千條妙計，我有一定之規／你有千条妙计，我有一定之规
- 你東我西／你东我西
- 你死我活 (nǐsǐwǒhuó)
- 你每 (nǐměi)
- 你爭我奪／你争我夺
- 你生
- 你知我見／你知我见
- 你等 (nǐděng)
- 你箇／你个
- 你老 (nǐlǎo)
- 你老子
- 你誇我逞／你夸我逞
- 你謙我讓／你谦我让
- 你追我趕／你追我赶
- 你那
- 你長我短／你长我短
- 你門／你门
- 天知地知，你知我知 (tiān zhī dì zhī, nǐ zhī wǒ zhī)
- 有你沒我／有你没我
- 有你的 (yǒu nǐ de)
- 管你
- 肏你八輩子祖宗／肏你八辈子祖宗 (cào nǐ bā bèizi zǔzōng)
- 肏你媽／肏你妈 (cào nǐ mā)
- 肏你媽屄／肏你妈屄 (càonǐmābī)
- 肏你媽的屄／肏你妈的屄
- 肏你祖宗十八代 (cào nǐ zǔzōng shíbā dài)
- 迷你 (mínǐ)
- 迷你型計算機／迷你型计算机
- 迷你玫瑰
- 迷你盆景
- 迷你裙 (mínǐqún)
- 迷你豬／迷你猪
- 迷你電腦／迷你电脑
- 閻王叫你三更死，誰敢留人到五更／阎王叫你三更死，谁敢留人到五更 (Yánwáng jiào nǐ sāngēng sǐ, shéi gǎn liú rén dào wǔgēng)
See also
edit| Standard Mandarin Chinese personal pronouns | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Person | Singular | Plural | |
| 1st | — | 我 (wǒ) | 我們／我们 (wǒmen) |
| inclusive | 咱們／咱们 (zánmen) | ||
| 2nd | male/indefinite | 你 (nǐ) | 你們／你们 (nǐmen) |
| female | 妳／你 (nǐ) | 妳們／你们 (nǐmen) | |
| deity | 祢 (nǐ) | 祢們／祢们 (nǐmen) | |
| polite | 您 (nín) | 你們／你们 (nǐmen) 您們／您们 (nínmen) | |
| 3rd | male/indefinite | 他 (tā) | 他們／他们 (tāmen) |
| female | 她 (tā) | 她們／她们 (tāmen) | |
| deity | 祂 (tā) | 祂們／祂们 (tāmen) | |
| animal | 牠／它 (tā) | 牠們／它们 (tāmen) | |
| inanimate | 它 (tā) | 它們／它们 (tāmen) | |
Etymology 2
editContraction of 你嘅 (ngi2 gê4, “your”).
Pronunciation
editDefinitions
edit你
References
edit- “你”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Southern Min
- “Entry #2881”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
edit| 你 | |
| 儞 |
Kanji
edit你
(Hyōgai kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 儞)
- Extended shinjitai form of 儞: you
Readings
edit- Go-on: に (ni)
- Kan-on: じ (ji)
- Kun: なんじ (nanji, 你)←なんぢ (nandi, 你, historical); しかり (shikari, 你り); その (sono, 你の); のみ (nomi, 你)
Usage notes
editThis character is not used in modern Japanese. It may appear as a 略字 (ryakuji, “abbreviated character”) for 爾, itself only used in historical texts and not used in modern Japanese.
Korean
editHanja
edit你 (eum 니 (ni))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit你: Hán Việt readings: nhĩ, nễ
你: Nôm readings: né, nể, nẻ, nệ
References
editCategories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Character boxes with images
- CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement block
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Cantonese terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
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- Mandarin pronouns
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- Dungan pronouns
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- Hakka pronouns
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- Northern Min pronouns
- Eastern Min pronouns
- Hokkien pronouns
- Teochew pronouns
- Wu pronouns
- Xiang pronouns
- Old Chinese pronouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 你
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese hyōgai kanji
- Japanese extended shinjitai kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading に
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading じ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading なんじ
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading なんぢ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading しか・り
- Japanese kanji with kun reading そ・の
- Japanese kanji with kun reading のみ
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