тьма
Old Church Slavonic
editAlternative forms
edit- Glagolitic: ⱅⱐⰿⰰ (tĭma)
Etymology 1
editFrom Proto-Slavic *tьma, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.
Noun
editтьма • (tĭma) f
- darkness
- 2 Коринт. 4:6-15 from Син. евх.:
- б҃ъ рекъі и҅с тъмъі свѣтоу въсиꙗ҅ти· ꙇ҅же въсиꙗ҅ въ ср҃цихъ вашихъ·
- b:ŭ rekŭi i҅s tŭmŭi světu vŭsija҅ti· i҅že vŭsija҅ vŭ sr:cixŭ vašixŭ·
- For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts.
- 2 Коринт. 4:6-15 from Син. евх.:
Declension
editsingular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | тьма tĭma |
тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмꙑ tĭmy |
genitive | тьмꙑ tĭmy |
тьмоу tĭmu |
тьмъ tĭmŭ |
dative | тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмама tĭmama |
тьмамъ tĭmamŭ |
accusative | тьмѫ tĭmǫ |
тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмꙑ tĭmy |
instrumental | тьмоѭ tĭmojǫ |
тьмама tĭmama |
тьмами tĭmami |
locative | тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмоу tĭmu |
тьмахъ tĭmaxŭ |
vocative | тьмо tĭmo |
тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмꙑ tĭmy |
Antonyms
edit- свѣтъ (světŭ)
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editBorrowed from an ancestor of Mongolian түм (tüm).
Noun
editтьма • (tĭma) f
- ten thousand; a myriad
- from Slavonic Josephus, kniga 4, 432б:
- идѧхоу бо по немъ кромѣ ѡроужникъ, четꙑри тмꙑ.
- idęxu bo po nemŭ kromě oružnikŭ, četyri tmy.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- from Slavonic Josephus, kniga 4, 432б:
- a large number or multitude (of specified things)
References
edit- Nikolić, Svetozar (1989) Staroslovenski jezik: Pravopis, glasovi, oblici, Beograd
Old East Slavic
editAlternative forms
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Slavic *tьma. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic тьма (tĭma) and Old Polish ćma.
Pronunciation
edit- Hyphenation: ть‧ма
Noun
editтьма (tĭma) f
Declension
editSingular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | тьма tĭma |
тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмꙑ tĭmy |
Genitive | тьмꙑ tĭmy |
тьму tĭmu |
тьмъ tĭmŭ |
Dative | тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмама tĭmama |
тьмамъ tĭmamŭ |
Accusative | тьмѫ tĭmǫ |
тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмꙑ tĭmy |
Instrumental | тьмоѭ tĭmojǫ |
тьмама tĭmama |
тьмами tĭmami |
Locative | тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьму tĭmu |
тьмахъ tĭmaxŭ |
Vocative | тьмо tĭmo |
тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмꙑ tĭmy |
Antonyms
edit- свѣтъ (světŭ, “light”)
Descendants
editEtymology 2
editBorrowed from a Mongolic language (compare Mongolian түм (tüm)). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic тьма (tĭma).
Pronunciation
edit- Hyphenation: ть‧ма
Noun
editтьма (tĭma) f
Declension
editSingular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | тьма tĭma |
тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмꙑ tĭmy |
Genitive | тьмꙑ tĭmy |
тьму tĭmu |
тьмъ tĭmŭ |
Dative | тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмама tĭmama |
тьмамъ tĭmamŭ |
Accusative | тьмѫ tĭmǫ |
тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмꙑ tĭmy |
Instrumental | тьмоѭ tĭmojǫ |
тьмама tĭmama |
тьмами tĭmami |
Locative | тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьму tĭmu |
тьмахъ tĭmaxŭ |
Vocative | тьмо tĭmo |
тьмѣ tĭmě |
тьмꙑ tĭmy |
Descendants
editReferences
edit- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912) “тьма”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments][1] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1081
Russian
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma), from Proto-Slavic *tьma, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.
Noun
editтьма • (tʹma) f inan (genitive тьмы, nominative plural тьмы, genitive plural тем)
Declension
editRelated terms
editEtymology 2
editInherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma), borrowed from a Mongolic language.
Noun
editтьма • (tʹma) f inan (genitive тьмы, nominative plural тьмы, genitive plural тем)
- (colloquial) thousands, a multitude, a host, lots of
Declension
editUkrainian
editEtymology
editInherited from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma), from Proto-Slavic *tьma, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editтьма • (tʹma) f inan (genitive тьми, uncountable)
- darkness
- (figuratively) uneducatedness
- Synonym: неосві́ченість (neosvíčenistʹ)
- (figuratively) wickedness (something vile and evil)
Declension
editNoun
editтьма • (tʹma) f inan (genitive тьми, nominative plural тьми, genitive plural тем)
- (historical, countable) ten thousand
- (figuratively, colloquial, uncountable) ton (large amount of something)
Declension
editReferences
edit- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “тьма”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “тьма”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic lemmas
- Old Church Slavonic nouns
- Old Church Slavonic feminine nouns
- Old Church Slavonic terms with quotations
- Old Church Slavonic hard a-stem nouns
- Old Church Slavonic hard feminine a-stem nouns
- Old East Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old East Slavic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old East Slavic lemmas
- Old East Slavic nouns
- Old East Slavic feminine nouns
- Old East Slavic hard a-stem nouns
- Old East Slavic terms borrowed from Mongolic languages
- Old East Slavic terms derived from Mongolic languages
- Russian 1-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian terms with audio links
- Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Russian lemmas
- Russian nouns
- Russian feminine nouns
- Russian inanimate nouns
- Russian hard-stem feminine-form nouns
- Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-b nouns
- Russian nouns with accent pattern b
- Russian nouns with reducible stem
- Russian irregular nouns
- Russian nouns with irregular genitive plural
- Russian terms derived from Mongolic languages
- Russian colloquialisms
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Ukrainian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ukrainian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ukrainian terms with audio links
- Ukrainian lemmas
- Ukrainian nouns
- Ukrainian uncountable nouns
- Ukrainian feminine nouns
- Ukrainian inanimate nouns
- Ukrainian hard feminine-form nouns
- Ukrainian hard feminine-form accent-d nouns
- Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern d
- Ukrainian terms with historical senses
- Ukrainian countable nouns
- Ukrainian colloquialisms
- Ukrainian nouns with reducible stem