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===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/sɔɪl̩/|[sɔɪ̯ɫ̩]}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-soil.ogg|
* {{rhymes|en|ɔɪl̩|s=1}}
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# {{lb|en|uncountable}} A mixture of [[mineral]] [[particle]]s and [[organic]] material, used to support plant growth.
#: {{ux|en|We bought a bag of '''soil''' for the houseplants.}}
# {{lb|en|uncountable}} The unconsolidated mineral or organic material on the immediate surface of the earth that serves as a natural medium for the growth of land plants.
# {{lb|en|uncountable}} The unconsolidated mineral or organic matter on the surface of the earth that has been subjected to and shows effects of genetic and environmental factors of: climate (including water and temperature effects), and macro- and microorganisms, conditioned by relief, acting on parent material over a period of time. A product-soil differs from the material from which it is derived in many physical, chemical, biological, and morphological properties and characteristics.
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#* {{quote-book|en|year=1603|author=w:John Marston; w:John Webster|title=w:The Malcontent|section=act III, scene i|sectionurl=https://archive.org/stream/malcontent00mars_0#page/n37|passage=As Deere being ſtrucke flie thorow many '''ſoiles,''' / Yet ſtill the ſhaft ſitcks faſt, ſo ;}}
# Dung; compost; manure.
#: {{ux|en|night '''soil'''}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1707|author=[[w:John Mortimer (agriculturalist)|J[ohn] Mortimer]]|chapter=Of Manuring, Dunging, and Soiling of Land|title=The Whole Art of Husbandry; Or, The Way of Managing and Improving of Land|edition=2nd|location=London|publisher=J. H. for H. Mortlock, and J. Robinſon|year_published=1708|page=66|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=9nxZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA66|passage=HAving given you an Account of the way of ordering of Meadows, Paſtures and Arable Land, with ſeveral Sorts of Improvement of them ; I ſhall in the next place proceed to give an Account of the ſeveral ways uſed to improve Land by Manure, Dung, and other Sort of '''Soils.'''}}
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|native soil
|racy of the soil
|garden soil
|soilless|virgin soil
|soil nail
|soil pipe
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* Lao: {{t+|lo|ດິນ}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|humus}}
* Latvian: {{t+|lv|augsne|f}}, {{t+|lv|zeme|f}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|dirva|f}}, {{t+|lt|žemė|f}}, {{t|lt|gruntas|m}}
* Low German: {{t|nds|Grund|m}}, {{t|nds|Eerd|f}}
* Lü: {{t|khb|ᦡᦲᧃ}}
* Macedonian: {{t+|mk|земја|f}}, {{t|mk|почва|f}}
* Malay: {{t+|ms|tanah}}
* Malayalam: {{t+|ml|മണ്ണ്}}
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*: Cyrillic: {{t|cu|землꙗ|f}}
* Oromo: {{t|om|biyya}}, {{t+|om|biyyoo}}, {{t|om|dachee}}, {{t|om|lafa}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|طوپراق|tr=toprak}}, {{t|ota|تراب|tr=türâb}}
* Pashto: {{t+|ps|خاوره|f|tr=xāwra}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|خاک|tr=xâk}}, {{t+|fa|زَمین|tr=zamin}}
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* Slovak: {{t|sk|pôda|f}}, {{t+|sk|zem|f}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|zemlja|f}}, {{t+|sl|prst|f}}
* Southern Altai: {{t|alt|јер}}, {{t|alt|тобрак}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|suelo|m}}
* Swahili: {{t+|sw|mchanga}}
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* Turkmen: {{t|tk|toprak}}
* Ukrainian: {{t+|uk|земля́|f}}, {{t+|uk|ґрунт|m}}
* Urdu: {{t|ur|مِٹِّی|f}}, {{t|ur|دَھرْتی|f}}, {{t+|ur|
* Uyghur: {{t|ug|تۇپراق}}
* Uzbek: {{t+|uz|tuproq}}
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* Fula: {{t|ff|leydi}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|έδαφος|n}}
* Macedonian: {{t+|mk|земја|f}}
* Norman: {{t|nrf|tèrre|f}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|خاک}}
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# {{lb|en|transitive}} To make [[dirty]].
#* {{RQ:Milton Paradise Lost|book=VIII|lines=1073–1080|passage={{...}}Bad Fruit of Knowledge, if this be to know, / Which leaves us naked thus, of Honour void, / Of innocence, of Faith, of Puritie, / Our wonted Ornaments now '''ſoild''' and ſtaind, / And in our Faces evident the ſignes / Of foul concupiſcence ; whence eveil ſtore ; / Even ſhame, the laſt of evils ; of the firſt / Be ſure then.|year=1873}}
# {{lb|en|intransitive}} To become dirty or soiled.
#: {{ux|en|Light colours '''soil''' sooner than dark ones.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive|figurative}} To stain or mar, as with infamy or disgrace; to tarnish; to [[sully]].
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Hamlet Q1-2|version=Q2|act=I|scene=iv|passage={{...}}They [[clepe|clip]] vs drunkards, and with [[swinish|Swiniſh]] phraſe / '''Soyle''' our [[addition]], and indeede it takes / From our atchieuements, though perform’d at [[height]] / The pith and marrow of our attribute{{...}}}}
# {{lb|en|reflexive}} To dirty one's clothing by accidentally defecating while clothed.
#: {{ux|en|The child was so scared she '''soiled''' herself.}}
# To make invalid, to ruin.
# To enrich with soil or muck; to manure.
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* Latin: {{t|la|spurco}}, {{t|la|foedō}}, {{t|la|polluo}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|валка}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|كیرلمك|tr=kirlemek}}, {{t|ota|پیسلمك|tr=pislemek}}, {{t|ota|مردارلامق|tr=murdarlamak}}
* Persian: {{t|fa|خاکی کردن|tr=xâki kardan}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|brudzić}}
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# To feed, as cattle or horses, in the barn or an enclosure, with fresh grass or green food cut for them, instead of sending them out to pasture; hence (due to such food having the effect of purging them) to purge by feeding on green food.
#: {{ux|en|to '''soil''' a horse}}
=====Derived terms=====
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===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=ilos|LOIs|silo|Lois|
{{c|en|Geology|Natural materials}}
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