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Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu

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Al-Wathiqu Billah Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah (Jawi: الواثق بالله سلطان ميزان زين العابدين ابن المرحوم سلطان محمود المکتفي بالله شاه; born 22 January 1962) is the Sultan of Terengganu, reigning since 1998. He previously reigned as the thirteenth King of Malaysia, from 2006 to 2011.

Mizan Zainal Abidin
  • ميزان زين العابدين
Al-Wathiqu Billah (He who trusts God)
Mizan in 2011
Yang di-Pertuan Agong XIII
Reign13 December 2006 – 12 December 2011
Installation26 April 2007
PredecessorSirajuddin
SuccessorAbdul Halim
Regency8 October – 12 December 2001
Sultan of Terengganu
Reign15 May 1998 – present
Coronation4 March 1999
PredecessorMahmud
Heir apparentTengku Muhammad Ismail
Born (1962-01-22) 22 January 1962 (age 62)
Istana Al-Muktafi, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Federation of Malaya (now Malaysia)
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1996)​
Issue
Detail
Names
Tengku Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Tengku Mahmud
Regnal name
Al-Wathiqu Billah Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin ibni Almarhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah
HouseBendahara dynasty
FatherSultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah
MotherTengku Besar Terengganu Fatimah Sharifah Nong Alsagoff binti Abdillah
ReligionSunni Islam
Military career
Service / branchMalaysian Army
RankField Marshal
UnitRoyal Armoured Corps
Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu
Medal record
Equestrian
Representing  Malaysia
SEA Games
Gold medal – first place 2017 Kuala Lumpur Individual endurance
Gold medal – first place 2017 Kuala Lumpur Team endurance

Early life and education

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Mizan Zainal Abidin was born at the Istana Al-Muktafi in Kuala Terengganu, the eldest son of Sultan Mahmud by his second wife, Fatimah Sharifah Nong Alsagoff binti Abdillah. Sharifah's family is of Arab descent, from Sayid Omar Aljunied (her maternal great-grandfather), one of the modern pioneers of Singapore.[1]

Mizan Zainal Abidin studied at Sekolah Kebangsaan Sultan Sulaiman and Sekolah Menengah Sultan Sulaiman, Kuala Terengganu. He went overseas to study at the Geelong Grammar School in Geelong, Australia. In 1988, he completed his undergraduate studies at US International University-Europe (now called Alliant International University) in London, earning a B.A. in International Relations.

Mizan Zainal Abidin participated in the military course PRE SMC (E) 33 at the Army School of Languages from 1982 to 1983. He then studied the military course SMC 33 at Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in England, successfully completing the course as a cadet officer on 9 December 1983.

Career before becoming sultan

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On 15 September 1981, Tengku Mizan was appointed as Assistant Land Levy Collector, working for around a year at the District and Land Office in Kuala Terengganu, prior to his departure overseas to attend the military course in England. Tengku Mizan's next appointment in 1988 was becoming a State Administrative Officer at the State Economic Planning Unit (UPEN) in Wisma Darul Iman, Kuala Terengganu. Besides working for UPEN, Tengku Mizan was also seconded as an Assistant District Land Officer at the Kuala Terengganu District and Land Office.

Sultan

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Mizan was appointed the Yang di-Pertuan Muda of Terengganu on 6 November 1979. On 20 October 1990, he was appointed the Regent of Terengganu until 8 November 1990.

From 1990 to 1995, Mizan was President of the Council for Islam and Malay Culture of Terengganu.

Mizan became the youngest ruler of a Malaysian federal state when he acceded as the Sultan of Terengganu on 15 May 1998 following the death of his father, Sultan Mahmud. Mizan was crowned as the 17th Sultan of Terengganu on 4 March 1999.

2008 Menteri Besar Appointment Crisis

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Terengganu, where the Barisan Nasional won two-thirds of the seats in the state parliament, was the last to appoint a Menteri Besar (Chief Minister) after the 2008 general elections. In the formation of Terengganu's new state government, the federal government under Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi recommended Idris Jusoh as Menteri Besar, who received full support from 23 of the 24 Barisan Nasional state assemblymen elected.[2] However, on 22 March, the office of the Sultan of Terengganu announced the appointment of Kijal assemblyman Ahmad Said instead of Idris Jusoh,[3] as was the Sultan's constitutional right.

The Prime Minister claimed that the appointment of Ahmad Said was unconstitutional as it went against the wishes of the assemblymen and the Prime Minister's office, all of whom had supported Idris Jusoh's candidacy for Menteri Besar.[4]

On 26 March, Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi and Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin met at the Istana Negara to resolve the impasse. The Prime Minister accepted the King's appointment of Ahmad Said as Menteri Besar of Terengganu. He also apologised to the King for the public dispute over the appointment of the Menteri Besar, explaining that there was no intention to disparage or humiliate the royal household. This apparent climbdown was due to the possibility that the royal household would be prepared to dissolve the state assembly if there had been a motion of no-confidence against Ahmad Said by the 23 UMNO state assemblymen.[5]

Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong

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Mizan was appointed Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong on 26 April 1999 after Sultan Salahuddin of Selangor was elected the 11th Yang di-Pertuan Agong by the Conference of Rulers. Following the illness and subsequently death of Salahuddin, Mizan served as Acting Yang di-Pertuan Agong from 8 October to 12 December 2001.

Mizan was re-appointed Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong on 13 December 2001 after the Conference of Rulers elected Raja Sirajuddin of Perlis as the 12th Yang di-Pertuan Agong.

Mizan served as the first Chancellor of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) from 2001 to 2006.

Yang di-Pertuan Agong

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Mizan (right) with Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, 2010

On 3 November 2006, Mizan was elected by the Conference of Rulers to become the 13th Yang di-Pertuan Agong, with his five-year term starting 13 December 2006. The Conference of Rulers appointed Sultan Abdul Halim of Kedah as the Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong. Mizan's appointment was the fourth following a second rotation system amongst the nine Malay Rulers. This five-year rotational constitutional monarchy is unique to Malaysia.

On 26 April 2007, Mizan was formally installed as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong.[6][7]

Marriage and family

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Mizan married Sultanah Nur Zahirah on 28 March 1996 in Kuala Terengganu.

The royal couple have two sons and two daughters:

  • Her Highness Tengku Nadhirah Zahrah, the Tengku Puteri Utama Raja (b. 18 December 1996)
  • His Royal Highness Tengku Muhammad Ismail, the Crown Prince (b. 1 March 1998)
  • His Highness Tengku Muhammad Mua′az, the Tengku Sri Setia Mahkota Raja (b. 22 December 2000)
  • Her Highness Tengku Fatimatuz Zahra’, the Tengku Puteri Daulath Raja (b. 19 April 2002)

After Sultan Mizan was elected as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, he appointed Tengku Muhammad Ismail, then aged eight, as regent on 12 November 2006.[8] Because of Tengku Muhammad Ismail's young age, a three-member Regency Advisory Council was established to discharge his duties for him. The council's members were Tengku Baderulzaman, Sultan Mizan's younger brother, Tengku Sulaiman Ismail, Sultan Mizan's uncle, and former Federal Court judge Dato' Abdul Kadir Sulaiman. He was proclaimed as regent during a ceremony on 12 December.[9]

Upon reaching Mukallaf (13 years of age), the Islamic age of responsibility, and according to Sharia law and the constitution of Terengganu, Tengku Muhammad Ismail became able to discharge his duties himself. However, the Sultan formed another council, Majlis Perwakilan Pemangku Raja, to perform the Regent’s duty while he was away from Terengganu pursuing his studies. This second and current council is headed by Tengku Mustafa Kamel, another of Sultan Mizan’s younger brothers, together with former Regency Advisory Council members Tengku Sri Laksamana Raja Tengku Sulaiman Ismail and Dato' Haji Abdul Kadir Sulaiman.

During his younger days, Sultan Mizan was a keen footballer. He is currently active in golf, endurance riding and scuba diving. In addition, the Global Taekwondo Federation (GTF) awarded Mizan an Honorary 7th Degree Black Belt in recognition of his active participation in the sport.

Honours

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See also: List of honours of the Terengganu Royal Family by country

Honours of Terengganu

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Honours of Malaysia

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Foreign Honours

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Honorary doctorate

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Legacy

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Educational institutions

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  • Institut Pendidikan Guru, Kampus Sultan Mizan in Besut
  • Politeknik Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin in Dungun
  • SMK Tengku Mizan Zainal Abidin in Kuala Terengganu

Buildings, Bridges and Roads

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Others

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  • Yayasan DiRaja Sultan Mizan (YDSM) or Sultan Mizan Royal Foundation

Ancestry

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References

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  1. ^ Al-Mahjar Archived 3 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ "23 Terengganu Assemblymen Pledge Support For Idris Jusoh". Bernama.
  3. ^ "Malaysia: The MB For Terengganu Finally Appointed". Sin Chew.
  4. ^ "Terengganu MB Appointment Unconstitutional, Says Abdullah". Bernama.
  5. ^ "Ahmad Said stays Mentri Besar". Malaysia Insider. 26 March 2008. Archived from the original on 29 March 2008. Retrieved 26 March 2008.
  6. ^ Associated Press, "Malaysia's 16th king formally installed in tradition-steeped ceremony", International Herald Tribune, 26 April 2007.
  7. ^ "Malaysia's new king takes office", BBC, 26 April 2007, 09:00 GMT 10:00 UK
  8. ^ Ng, Eileen (4 June 2011). "People's welfare comes first". New Straits Times. p. 1.
  9. ^ "Sultan Mizan moved to tears at ceremony". The Star. 13 December 2006. Archived from the original on 27 January 2009. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
  10. ^ "Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 2007" (PDF).
  11. ^ "Semakan Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang, dan Pingat Persekutuan".
  12. ^ Honours for 177 on Sultan's 54th birthday. New Straits Times. 8 April 1986. p. 8.
  13. ^ "Terengganu Sultan heads award list". New Straits Times. 19 April 1999. p. 3.
  14. ^ "Experienced administrator, caring ruler". New Straits Times. 4 March 1999. p. 9.
  15. ^ "Sultan of Terengganu heads Ruler's awards list". New Straits Times. 28 May 1998. p. 17.
  16. ^ List of Malay rulers (as of January 2013) with details of orders
  17. ^ ประกาศสำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี เรื่อง พระราชทานเครื่องราชอิสริยาภรณ์แด่สมเด็จพระราชาธิบดีและสมเด็จพระราชินีแห่งมาเลเซีย (PDF) (in Thai). www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2014. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
  18. ^ TUANKU MIZAN TERIMA ANUGERAH IJAZAH DOKTOR KEHORMAT
Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu
Bendahara dynasty
Born: 1962
Regnal titles
Preceded by Sultan of Terengganu
1998–present 		Incumbent
Heir apparent:
Muhammad Ismail
Preceded by Regent of Malaysia
2001 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
2006–2011 		Succeeded by
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