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[[Image:Lucas Cranach d. J. 004.jpg|thumb|right||200px|Portrait by [[Lucas Cranach the Younger]]]]
'''Augustus I, Elector of Saxony''' (b. [[Freiberg]], [[31 July]] [[1526]] – d. [[Dresden]], [[11 February]] [[1586]]) was an [[Elector of Saxony]] from the [[House of Wettin]].
== First Years ==
Augustus was born in [[Freiberg (Saxony)|Freiberg]], the
When Duke
In [[1544]] Maurice secured the appointment of his brother as administrator of the [[bishopric of Merseburg]]; but Augustus was very extravagant and was soon compelled to return to the Saxon court at [[Dresden]]. Augustus supported his brother during the war of the [[Schmalkaldic League]], and in the policy which culminated in the transfer of the Saxon electorate from [[John Frederick, Elector of Saxony|John Frederick I]], the head of the Ernestine branch of the Wettin family, to Maurice.
#Johann Heinrich (b. Weissenfels, [[5 May]] [[1550]] - d. Weissenfels, [[12 November]] [[1550]]).
#Eleonore (b. Wolkenstein, [[2 May]] [[1551]] - d. Wolkenstein, [[24 April]] [[1553]]).
#Elisabeth (b. Wolkenstein, [[18 October]] [[1552]] - d. imprisoned in Heidelberg, [[2 April]] [[1590]]), married on [[4 June]] [[1570]] to Count Palatine [[Johann Casimir of Simmern]]; they were separated in [[1589]].
#Alexander (b. Dresden, [[21 February]] [[1554]] - d. Dresden, [[8 October]] [[1565]]), Hereditary Elector of Saxony.
#Magnus (b. Dresden, [[24 September]] [[1555]] - d. Dresden, [[6 November]] [[1558]]).
#Joachim (b. Dresden, [[3 May]] [[1557]] - d. Dresden, [[21 November]] [[1557]]).
#Hektor (b. Dresden, [[7 October]] [[1558]] - d. Dresden, [[4 April]] 1560).
#[[Christian I of Saxony|Christian I]] (b. Dresden, [[29 October]] [[1560]] - d. Dresden, [[25 September]] [[1591]]), succesor of his father in the Electorship.
#Marie (b. Torgau, [[8 March]] [[1562]] - d. Torgau, [[6 January]] [[1566]]).
#Dorothea (b. Dresden, [[4 October]] [[1563]] - d. Wolfenbüttel, [[13 February]] [[1587]]), married on [[26 September]] [[1585]] to Duke [[Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg|Heinrich Julius of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]].
#Amalie (b. Dresden, [[28 January]] [[1565]] - d. Dresden, [[2 July]] [[1565]]).
#Anna (b. Dresden, [[16 November]] [[1567]] - d. imprisoned in Veste Coburg, [[27 January]] [[1613]]), married on [[16 January]] [[1586]] to Duke [[Johann Casimir, Duke of Saxe-Coburg|Johann Casimir of Saxe-Eisenach]]; they divorced in [[1593]].
#Augustus (b. Dresden, [[23 October]] [[1569]] - d. Dresden, [[12 February]] [[1570]]).
#Adolf (b. Stolpen, [[8 August]] [[1571]] - d. Dresden, [[12 March]] [[1572]]).
#Frederick (b. Annaberg, [[18 June]] [[1575]] - d. Annaberg, [[24 January]] [[1577]]).
But soon after his marriage, Augustus desired a more imposing establishment. The result was that Maurice made more generous provision for his brother, who acted as [[Regent]] of Saxony in [[1552]] during the absence of the elector. Augustus was on a visit to [[Denmark]] when by Maurice's death in July [[1553]] he became elector of [[Saxony]].
== Elector of Saxony ==
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== Second Marriage and death ==
Augustus was a covetous, cruel and superstitious man, but these qualities were redeemed by his political caution and his wise methods of government. He wrote a small work on griculture entitled ''Künstlich Obstund Gartenbüchlein''. He was also famous for his various museum collections, including the finest collection of arms and weapons in Northern Europe, paintings, and an extensive collection of tools. The library named in his honor in Wolfenbuettel contains the worlds largest collection of original documents relating to the Lutheran Reformation and German and Early Modern Europe history.
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