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'[[Image:Roosevelt Dam.jpg|thumb|230px|The [[Roosevelt Dam]] is an arch dam completed in 1911 and modified in 1996 (shown). The original design was the highest [[masonry dam]] ever constructed.]] An '''arch dam''' is a thin, curved [[concrete]] or [[masonry dam]] structure which is built to curve upstream so that the force of the water against it squeezes the arch, compressing and strengthening the structure and pushing it into the ground. An arch dam is a good dam type for a narrow [[canyon|gorge]] in a mountainous area with steep walls of rock.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/dam/arch_forces.html |title=Arch Dam Forces |publisher= |accessdate=2007-02-05 }}</ref> An arch dam generally has [[steel]] rods or prestressed steel [[cable]]s reinforcements and therefore requires less concrete than does a [[gravity dam]] or [[arch-gravity dam]]. However, the [[bedrock]] in the foundation and [[abutments]] must be sound to withstand the [[pressure]] of the water.<ref name="dur">{{cite web |url=http://www.dur.ac.uk/~des0www4/cal/dams/conc/concf12.htm |title=Introduction to Arch Dams |publisher= |accessdate=2007-02-05 }}</ref> ==Variations== [[Image:IdukkiDamConcaveSide.jpg|thumb|left|300px|[[Idukki Dam]], [[Kerala]], [[India]] The Largest Arch dam in [[Asia]] and Second largest in World]] [[Image:Gordon Dam.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Gordon Dam]], [[Tasmania]] is an asymmetrical double curved dam]] Arch dams with more than one contiguous arch or plane are described as '''multiple arch dams'''. A double arch dam has two contiguous arches. A dam that is curved in both its horizontal and vertical planes may be called a '''dome dam'''.<ref name="dur"/> The highest arch dam in the world is [[Inguri Dam]] in [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. It is 272 meters high and it was completed in 1980.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9042423/Inguri-Dam| title = Inguri Dam| accessdate = 2007-01-01|publisher = [[Britannica]]}}</ref> The longest multiple arch with buttress dam in the world is the [[Daniel-Johnson Dam]] in [[Québec]], [[Canada]]. It is 214 m high and 1 314 meters long at the top. It was completed in 1968 and put in service in 1970.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.manicouagan-guidetouristique.com/Haute-Cote-Nord/Manic-5-barrage-Daniel-Johnson/| title = Daniel-Johnson Dam| accessdate = 2009-05-21}}</ref> ==Examples of arch dams== [[Image:Barrage Manic5.png|thumb|left|300px|[[Daniel-Johnson Dam]], [[Québec]], [[Canada]] is a multiple arch dam with buttress]] * [[Inguri Dam]] * [[El Atazar Dam]] * [[Glen Canyon Dam]]qwfegerghyjko;lp;ol;yilfudiytsraewerAEFFRGregffgfgfdgfdgdfgfdgagfdagtghythyujukejr * [[Hoover Dam]] * [[Parker Dam]] * [[Stewart Mountain Dam]] * [[Idukki Dam]] * [[Karun-3 dam]] * [[Daniel-Johnson Dam]] * [[Katse Dam]] * [[Vidraru Dam]] ==See also== * [[Gravity dam]] * [[Arch-gravity dam]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== *[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/dam/basics.html PBS Dam Basics] *[http://www.uq.edu.au/~e2hchans/arch_dam.html Historical Development of Arch Dams. From Cut-Stone Arches to Modern Concrete Designs] Website *[http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view.php?pid=UQ:9351 Historical Development of Arch Dams : from Cut-Stone Arches to Modern Concrete Designs] Article *[http://simscience.org/cracks/advanced/arch_hist1.html Key Developments in the History of Arch Dams] [[Category:Dams]] [[Category:Arch dams|*]] [[de:Bogenstaumauer]] [[fr:Barrage voûte]] [[ja:アーチ式コンクリートダム]] [[pt:Barragem em arco]]'