Sunderland was a borough constituency in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, created by the Reform Act 1832 for the 1832 general election. It elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) by the bloc vote system of election.[1] It was split into the single-member seats of Sunderland North and Sunderland South for the 1950 general election.[2]
Sunderland | |
---|---|
Former borough constituency for the House of Commons | |
1832–1950 | |
Seats | Two |
Replaced by | Sunderland North and Sunderland South |
Boundaries
edit1832-1918
editUnder the Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832, the contents of the borough were defined as the Parish of Sunderland and the several townships of Bishop Wearmouth, Bishop Wearmouth Panns, Monk Wearmouth, Monk Wearmouth Shore, and Southwick.[3]
See map on Vision of Britain website.[4]
Minor change in 1868 to include a small part of the Municipal Borough not in the Parliamentary Borough.[5]
1918-1950
edit- The County Borough of Sunderland
- The Urban District of Southwick-on-Wear.[6]
Minor changes to align boundaries with those of local authorities.
Members of Parliament
editElection results
editElections in the 1830s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | William Chaytor | 697 | 34.5 | ||
Whig | George Barrington | 525 | 26.0 | ||
Whig | David Barclay | 404 | 20.0 | ||
Tory | William Thompson | 392 | 19.4 | ||
Majority | 121 | 6.0 | |||
Turnout | 1,132 | 82.1 | |||
Registered electors | 1,378 | ||||
Whig win (new seat) | |||||
Whig win (new seat) |
Barrington resigned, causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tory | William Thompson | 574 | 50.8 | +31.4 | |
Whig | David Barclay | 556 | 49.2 | −31.3 | |
Majority | 18 | 1.6 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 1,130 | 82.0 | −0.1 | ||
Registered electors | 1,378 | ||||
Tory gain from Whig | Swing | +31.3 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | William Thompson | 844 | 43.5 | +24.1 | |
Whig | David Barclay | 709 | 36.5 | +16.5 | |
Whig | William Chaytor | 389 | 20.0 | −14.5 | |
Turnout | 1,107 | 81.5 | −0.6 | ||
Registered electors | 1,359 | ||||
Majority | 455 | 23.5 | N/A | ||
Conservative gain from Whig | Swing | +11.6 | |||
Majority | 320 | 16.5 | +10.5 | ||
Whig hold | Swing | +2.2 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | William Thompson | 688 | 36.1 | −7.4 | |
Whig | Andrew White (MP) | 628 | 32.9 | +12.9 | |
Whig | David Barclay | 591 | 31.0 | −5.5 | |
Turnout | 1,176 | 76.8 | −4.7 | ||
Registered electors | 1,532 | ||||
Majority | 60 | 3.2 | −20.3 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | −7.4 | |||
Majority | 37 | 1.9 | −14.6 | ||
Whig hold | Swing | +8.3 |
Elections in the 1840s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | William Thompson | Unopposed | |||
Whig | David Barclay | Unopposed | |||
Registered electors | 1,691 | ||||
Conservative hold | |||||
Whig hold |
Thompson resigned by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds in order to contest a by-election at Westmorland, causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Henry Grey | 706 | 60.4 | N/A | |
Conservative | Matthias Wolverley Attwood | 462 | 39.6 | N/A | |
Majority | 244 | 20.8 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 1,168 | 69.1 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 1,691 | ||||
Whig gain from Conservative | Swing | N/A |
Grey succeeded to the peerage, becoming 3rd Earl Grey and causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Hudson | 627 | 55.7 | N/A | |
Radical | Thomas Perronet Thompson[20][21] | 498 | 44.3 | New | |
Majority | 129 | 11.4 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 1,125 | 66.9 | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 1,681 | ||||
Conservative gain from Whig | Swing | N/A |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Hudson | 879 | 42.1 | N/A | |
Whig | David Barclay | 642 | 30.7 | N/A | |
Radical | William Arthur Wilkinson[22] | 568 | 27.2 | N/A | |
Turnout | 1,045 (est) | 61.7 (est) | N/A | ||
Registered electors | 1,693 | ||||
Majority | 237 | 11.4 | N/A | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Majority | 74 | 3.5 | N/A | ||
Whig hold | Swing | N/A |
Barclay resigned by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Hedworth Williamson | 705 | 55.0 | +24.3 | |
Radical | William Arthur Wilkinson | 576 | 45.0 | +17.8 | |
Majority | 129 | 10.0 | +6.5 | ||
Turnout | 1,281 | 75.7 | +14.0 | ||
Registered electors | 1,692 | ||||
Whig hold | Swing | +3.3 |
Elections in the 1850s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | George Hudson | 868 | 37.2 | −4.9 | |
Radical | William Digby Seymour | 814 | 34.8 | +7.6 | |
Whig | Henry Fenwick | 654 | 28.0 | −2.7 | |
Turnout | 1,168 (est) | 59.2 (est) | −2.5 | ||
Registered electors | 1,973 | ||||
Majority | 54 | 2.4 | −9.0 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | −4.4 | |||
Majority | 160 | 6.8 | N/A | ||
Radical gain from Whig | Swing | +4.5 |
Seymour was appointed Recorder of Newcastle upon Tyne, requiring a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Henry Fenwick | 956 | 59.7 | +31.7 | |
Radical | William Digby Seymour | 646 | 40.3 | +5.5 | |
Majority | 310 | 19.4 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 1,602 | 73.6 | +14.4 | ||
Registered electors | 2,176 | ||||
Whig gain from Radical | Swing | +13.1 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Whig | Henry Fenwick | 1,123 | 36.6 | +8.6 | |
Conservative | George Hudson | 1,081 | 35.2 | −2.0 | |
Radical | Ralph Walters[23] | 863 | 28.1 | −6.7 | |
Turnout | 1,534 (est) | 61.5 (est) | +2.3 | ||
Registered electors | 2,493 | ||||
Majority | 260 | 8.5 | N/A | ||
Whig gain from Radical | Swing | +7.7 | |||
Majority | 218 | 8.5 | +6.1 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | −3.2 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Henry Fenwick | 1,527 | 42.3 | +5.7 | |
Liberal | William Schaw Lindsay | 1,292 | 35.8 | +7.7 | |
Conservative | George Hudson | 790 | 21.9 | −13.3 | |
Majority | 502 | 13.9 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 2,200 (est) | 80.6 (est) | +19.1 | ||
Registered electors | 2,493 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | +6.2 | |||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | +7.2 |
Elections in the 1860s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Henry Fenwick | 1,826 | 40.7 | −1.6 | |
Conservative | James Hartley | 1,355 | 30.2 | +8.3 | |
Liberal | John Candlish | 1,307 | 29.1 | −6.7 | |
Turnout | 2,922 (est) | 84.2 (est) | +3.6 | ||
Registered electors | 3,468 | ||||
Majority | 471 | 10.5 | −3.4 | ||
Liberal hold | Swing | −2.9 | |||
Majority | 48 | 1.1 | N/A | ||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +8.3 |
Fenwick was appointed a Civil Lord of the Admiralty, requiring a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Candlish | 1,430 | 52.5 | +23.4 | |
Liberal | Henry Fenwick | 1,294 | 47.5 | +6.8 | |
Majority | 136 | 5.0 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 2,724 | 78.5 | −5.7 | ||
Registered electors | 3,468 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | N/A |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | John Candlish | 6,237 | 42.3 | +13.2 | |
Liberal | Edward Temperley Gourley | 4,901 | 33.3 | N/A | |
Liberal | Thomas Charles Thompson | 3,596 | 24.4 | N/A | |
Majority | 1,305 | 8.9 | −1.6 | ||
Turnout | 7,367 (est) | 64.8 (est) | −19.4 | ||
Registered electors | 11,364 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | N/A |
Elections in the 1870s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Edward Temperley Gourley | 6,172 | 38.9 | +5.6 | |
Liberal | Henry Havelock | 5,920 | 37.3 | N/A | |
Conservative | Laurence Richardson Baily | 3,781 | 23.8 | New | |
Majority | 2,139 | 13.5 | +4.6 | ||
Turnout | 9,827 (est) | 70.2 (est) | +5.4 | ||
Registered electors | 14,008 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Liberal hold | Swing | N/A |
Elections in the 1880s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Edward Temperley Gourley | 7,639 | 40.4 | +1.5 | |
Liberal | Henry Havelock-Allan | 6,995 | 37.0 | −0.3 | |
Conservative | Edward Brooke[24] | 4,262 | 22.6 | −1.2 | |
Majority | 2,733 | 14.4 | +0.9 | ||
Turnout | 11,901 (est) | 79.2 (est) | +9.0 | ||
Registered electors | 15,021 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | +1.1 | |||
Liberal hold | Swing | +0.2 |
Allan resigned, causing a by-election.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Samuel Storey | Unopposed | |||
Liberal hold |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Samuel Storey | 8,295 | 36.4 | −0.6 | |
Liberal | Edward Temperley Gourley | 7,759 | 34.1 | −6.3 | |
Conservative | Samuel Peter Austin | 6,703 | 29.5 | +6.9 | |
Majority | 1,056 | 4.6 | −9.8 | ||
Turnout | 14,416 | 79.7 | +0.5 (est) | ||
Registered electors | 18,078 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | −2.0 | |||
Liberal hold | Swing | −4.9 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Samuel Storey | 6,971 | 35.1 | −1.3 | |
Liberal | Edward Temperley Gourley | 6,840 | 34.5 | +0.4 | |
Liberal Unionist | William Stobart[27] | 6,027 | 30.4 | +0.9 | |
Majority | 813 | 4.1 | −0.5 | ||
Turnout | 12,863 | 71.2 | −9.5 | ||
Registered electors | 18,078 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | −0.9 | |||
Liberal hold | Swing | 0.0 |
Elections in the 1890s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Samuel Storey | 9,711 | 27.3 | −7.8 | |
Liberal | Edward Temperley Gourley | 9,554 | 26.8 | −7.7 | |
Liberal Unionist | Frederick Lambton | 8,394 | 23.5 | −6.9 | |
Conservative | John Stapylton Grey Pemberton | 8,002 | 22.4 | N/A | |
Majority | 1,160 | 3.3 | −0.8 | ||
Turnout | 17,990 | 80.7 | +9.5 | ||
Registered electors | 22,282 | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | −0.5 | |||
Liberal hold | Swing | −0.4 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Theodore Doxford | 9,833 | 37.4 | +15.0 | |
Liberal | Edward Temperley Gourley | 8,232 | 31.4 | +4.6 | |
Liberal | Samuel Storey | 8,185 | 31.2 | +3.9 | |
Majority | 1,648 | 6.2 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 17,910 | 79.9 | −0.8 | ||
Registered electors | 22,408 | ||||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +5.2 | |||
Liberal hold | Swing |
Elections in the 1900s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Theodore Doxford | 9,617 | 25.7 | +7.0'"`UNIQ−−ref−00000081−QINU`"' | |
Conservative | John Stapylton Grey Pemberton | 9,566 | 25.6 | +6.9'"`UNIQ−−ref−00000082−QINU`"' | |
Liberal | George Burton Hunter | 9,370 | 25.1 | −37.5'"`UNIQ−−ref−00000083−QINU`"' | |
Labour Repr. Cmte. | 8,842 | 23.6 | New | ||
Majority | 196 | 0.5 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 37,395 | 78.3 | −1.6 | ||
Registered electors | 24,423 | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | +22.3 | |||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | +22.2 |
- some records describe Wilkie as Liberal-Labour
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | James Stuart | 13,620 | 32.2 | +7.1 | |
Labour Repr. Cmte. | Thomas Summerbell | 13,430 | 31.9 | +8.3 | |
Conservative | DH Haggle | 7,879 | 18.7 | −7.0 | |
Conservative | John Stapylton Grey Pemberton | 7,244 | 17.2 | −8.4 | |
Turnout | 42,173 | 85.5 | +7.2 | ||
Registered electors | 27,650 | ||||
Majority | 5,741 | 13.5 | N/A | ||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | +7.1 | |||
Majority | 6,186 | 14.7 | N/A | ||
Labour Repr. Cmte. gain from Conservative | Swing | +8.4 |
Elections in the 1910s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ind. Conservative | *Samuel Storey | 12,334 | 26.2 | New | |
Conservative | James Knott | 12,270 | 26.0 | +7.3 | |
Liberal | James Stuart | 11,529 | 24.4 | −7.8 | |
Labour | Thomas Summerbell | 11,058 | 23.4 | −8.5 | |
Turnout | 47,191 | 87.2 | +1.7 | ||
Registered electors | 27,610 | ||||
Majority | 805 | 1.8 | N/A | ||
Ind. Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | N/A | |||
Majority | 1,212 | 2.6 | N/A | ||
Conservative gain from Labour | Swing | +7.6 |
- stood as "Independent Tariff Reform" but was supported by local Conservative Association
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | Hamar Greenwood | 11,997 | 27.4 | +3.0 | |
Labour | Frank Goldstone | 11,291 | 25.8 | +2.4 | |
Conservative | William Joynson-Hicks | 10,300 | 23.6 | −2.4 | |
Conservative | Samuel Samuel | 10,132 | 23.2 | N/A | |
Turnout | 43,720 | 81.2 | −6.0 | ||
Registered electors | 27,610 | ||||
Majority | 1,697 | 3.8 | N/A | ||
Liberal gain from Ind. Conservative | Swing | N/A | |||
Majority | 1,059 | 2.6 | N/A | ||
Labour gain from Conservative | Swing | +2.4 |
General Election 1914–15:
Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;
- Liberal: Hamar Greenwood
- Labour: Frank Goldstone
- Unionist:
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C | Liberal | Hamar Greenwood | 27,646 | 43.9 | +16.5 |
Unionist | Ralph Milbanke Hudson | 25,698 | 40.8 | −6.0 | |
Labour | Frank Goldstone | 9,603 | 15.3 | −10.5 | |
Turnout | 62,947 | 56.4 | −24.8 | ||
Majority | 18,043 | 28.6 | +24.8 | ||
Liberal hold | Swing | +11.3 | |||
Majority | 16,095 | 25.5 | N/A | ||
Unionist gain from Labour | Swing | +2.3 | |||
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government. |
Elections in the 1920s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Liberal | Hamar Greenwood | 22,813 | 54.0 | +10.1 | |
Labour | Vickerman Rutherford | 14,379 | 34.0 | +18.7 | |
Liberal | E.M. Howe | 5,065 | 12.0 | −31.9 | |
Majority | 8,434 | 20.0 | −8.6 | ||
Turnout | 42,257 | 55.4 | −1.0 | ||
National Liberal hold | Swing | -4.3 |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | Walter Raine | 28,001 | 25.0 | New | |
Unionist | Luke Thompson | 24,591 | 22.0 | New | |
National Liberal | Hamar Greenwood | 19,058 | 17.0 | N/A | |
Labour | David Baxter Lawley | 13,683 | 12.2 | −3.1 | |
Labour | Vickerman Rutherford | 13,490 | 12.1 | N/A | |
Liberal | Andrew Common | 13,036 | 11.7 | −32.2 | |
Turnout | 111,859 | 81.6 | +26.2 | ||
Majority | 5,533 | 8.0 | −17.5 | ||
Unionist hold | Swing | ||||
Majority | 5,541 | 5.0 | N/A | ||
Unionist gain from Liberal | Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | Walter Raine | 23,497 | 19.9 | −6.1 | |
Unionist | Luke Thompson | 23,379 | 19.8 | −2.2 | |
Liberal | Andrew Common | 22,438 | 19.0 | +7.3 | |
Liberal | Hamar Greenwood | 22,034 | 18.6 | N/A | |
Labour | David Baxter Lawley | 13,707 | 11.6 | −0.6 | |
Labour | Tom Gillinder | 13,184 | 11.1 | −1.0 | |
Majority | 1,905 | 0.8 | −7.2 | ||
Turnout | 118,239 | 77.9 | −3.7 | ||
Unionist hold | Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unionist | Luke Thompson | 28,612 | 25.4 | +5.6 | |
Unionist | Walter Raine | 28,608 | 25.3 | +5.4 | |
Labour | Jeremiah McVeagh | 21,823 | 19.3 | +7.7 | |
Liberal | Andrew Common | 20,139 | 17.8 | −1.2 | |
Liberal | Ian Hannah | 13,731 | 12.2 | −6.4 | |
Majority | 6,785 | 6.0 | +5.2 | ||
Turnout | 112,913 | 84.6 | +6.7 | ||
Unionist hold | Swing | ||||
Unionist gain from Liberal | Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Marion Phillips | 31,794 | 19.5 | +0.2 | |
Labour | Alfred Smith | 31,085 | 19.0 | N/A | |
Unionist | Walter Raine | 29,180 | 17.9 | −7.4 | |
Unionist | Luke Thompson | 28,937 | 17.7 | −7.7 | |
Liberal | Elizabeth Morgan | 21,300 | 13.0 | −4.8 | |
Liberal | John Pratt | 21,142 | 12.9 | +0.7 | |
Majority | 1,905 | 1.1 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 163,438 | 81.1 | −3.5 | ||
Labour gain from Unionist | Swing |
Elections in the 1930s
editParty | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Luke Thompson | 30,497 | 40.3 | +3.7 | |
Labour | James Thomas Brownlie | 30,074 | 39.8 | +1.3 | |
Liberal | Elizabeth Morgan | 15,020 | 19.9 | +1.3 | |
Majority | 423 | 0.5 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 75,591 | 73.1 | −8.0 | ||
Conservative gain from Labour | Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Luke Thompson | 53,386 | 32.3 | +14.6 | |
Conservative | Samuel Storey | 52,589 | 31.8 | +13.9 | |
Labour | Marion Phillips | 29,707 | 18.0 | −1.5 | |
Labour | Denis Pritt | 29,680 | 17.9 | −1.1 | |
Majority | 22,882 | 13.8 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 165,362 | 81.1 | 0.0 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | ||||
Conservative gain from Labour | Swing |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
National Liberal | Stephen Furness | 49,001 | 30.2 | −2.1 | |
Conservative | Samuel Storey | 48,760 | 30.0 | −1.8 | |
Labour | George Catlin | 32,483 | 20.0 | +2.0 | |
Labour | Leah Manning | 32,059 | 19.8 | +1.9 | |
Majority | 16,277 | 10.0 | −3.8 | ||
Turnout | 162,303 | 79.0 | −2.1 | ||
Conservative hold | Swing | ||||
National Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing |
Elections in the 1940s
editGeneral Election 1939–40
Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the Autumn of 1939, the following candidates had been selected;
- Conservative: Samuel Storey
- Liberal National: Stephen Furness
- Labour: Fred Peart, Fred Willey[32]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Labour | Fred Willey | 38,769 | 28.1 | +8.1 | |
Labour | Richard Ewart | 36,711 | 26.6 | +6.8 | |
National Liberal | Stephen Furness | 29,366 | 21.3 | −8.9 | |
Conservative | Samuel Storey | 28,579 | 20.7 | −9.3 | |
Communist | Tommy Richardson[33] | 4,501 | 3.3 | New | |
Majority | 9,403 | 6.8 | N/A | ||
Majority | 8,132 | 5.9 | N/A | ||
Turnout | 137,926 | 77.2 | −1.8 | ||
Labour gain from Conservative | Swing | ||||
Labour gain from National Liberal | Swing |
See also
editNotes and references
editNotes
editReferences
edit- ^ "Representation of the People Act 1832". vLex. S-III. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
- ^ "Representation of the People Act 1948" (PDF). p. 94.
- ^ Britain, Great (1832). The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Passed in the ... [1807-69]. His Majesty's statute and law Printers. p. 343.
- ^ "HMSO Boundary Commission Report 1832, Sunderland".
- ^ "Boundary Act 1868". 1807. p. 145.
- ^ Craig, Fred W. S. (1972). Boundaries of parliamentary constituencies 1885-1972;. Chichester: Political Reference Publications. p. 11. ISBN 0-900178-09-4. OCLC 539011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Stooks Smith, Henry. (1973) [1844-1850]. Craig, F. W. S. (ed.). The Parliaments of England (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 103. ISBN 0-900178-13-2.
- ^ a b c d e Richardson, M. A. (1843). The Local Historian's Table Book, of Remarkable Occurrences, Historical Facts, Traditions, Legendary and Descriptive Ballads, &c., &c., Connected with the Counties of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Northumberland an Durham. Newcastle-upon-Tyne: M. A. Richardson. p. 374. Retrieved 14 July 2018 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b c d "Bell's Weekly Messenger". 3 July 1841. pp. 3–4. Retrieved 14 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ a b c "Birmingham Journal". 19 June 1841. p. 5. Retrieved 14 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ Mosse, Richard Bartholomew (1838). The Parliamentary Guide: a concise history of the Members of both Houses, etc. p. 229. Retrieved 13 December 2018 – via Google Books.
- ^ a b Turner, Michael J. (2004). Black, Jeremy (ed.). Independent Radicalism in Early Victorian Britain. Westport: Praeger. p. 237. ISBN 0-275-97386-7. LCCN 2004044233. Retrieved 14 July 2018 – via Google Books.
- ^ Escott, Margaret (2009). Fisher, D. R. (ed.). "WILLIAMSON, Sir Hedworth, 7th bt. (1797–1861), of Whitburn Hall, nr. Sunderland, co. Dur". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- ^ "Sunderland Election". Nottingham Review and General Advertiser for the Midland Counties. 24 December 1847. p. 5. Retrieved 14 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ "Miscellaneous". Norfolk Chronicle. 6 January 1855. p. 4. Retrieved 14 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ a b "Leeds Intelligencer". 6 January 1855. p. 7. Retrieved 14 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ a b "Sunderland Election". Leicester Chronicle. 6 January 1855. p. 2. Retrieved 14 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ a b "Oxford Chronicle and Reading Gazette". 6 January 1855. p. 3. Retrieved 14 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. p. 296. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
- ^ "Country News". Illustrated London News. 23 August 1845. pp. 7–8. Retrieved 13 December 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ "News of the Week". Inverness Courier. 20 August 1845. p. 2. Retrieved 13 December 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ "The Overland Mail". Yorkshire Gazette. 3 July 1847. p. 7. Retrieved 13 December 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ "Election News". Lancaster Gazette. 21 March 1857. p. 6. Retrieved 14 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ "Personal Notes". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. 19 June 1880. p. 20. Retrieved 12 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ a b c d The Liberal Year Book, 1907
- ^ a b c d e f g Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. p. 197. ISBN 9781349022984.
- ^ "The General Election". Cheshire Observer. 10 July 1886. p. 7. Retrieved 12 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- ^ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
- ^ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
- ^ a b c d British Parliamentary Election Results, 1918-1949 FWS Craig
- ^ a b c British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
- ^ Report of the Annual Conference of the Labour Party, 1939
- ^ Stevenson, Graham. "Richardson Tommy". Retrieved 14 May 2017.
Sources
edit- Craig, F. W. S. (1983) [1969]. British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 (3rd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
- Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "S" (part 6)