Wikipedia

UEFA coefficient

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 80.195.214.201 (talk) at 12:17, 18 March 2011 (→Top club by period). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

See also: UEFA European Football Championship, UEFA Champions League, and UEFA Europa League

In European football, the UEFA coefficients are statistics used for ranking and seeding teams in club and international competitions. The coefficients are calculated by UEFA, who administer football within Europe. It uses three different coefficients to rank the national teams, the national leagues, and football clubs.

National team coefficient

The UEFA national team coefficient is derived from the results of each European national football team, and only calculated by UEFA every second year in November; defined as being the point of time when all UEFA nations have completed the qualification stage of the upcoming World Cup or European Championship tournament.

The purpose of calculating the coefficients is to compile an official UEFA rank, to be used as seeding criteria for the European nations, when drawing up qualification groups and the final tournament groups of the European Championship. Previously, up until 2006, the UEFA national team coefficient was also used for the seeded draw of World Cup qualification groups in Europe, while the draw for final tournament groups of the World Cup was always seeded on the basis of the official FIFA ranking. The reason why UEFA stopped using UEFA national team coefficients for the seeding of World Cup qualification groups was a request from FIFA to only use the official FIFA ranking for all seeded draws related to the World Cup tournament.

Throughout the history of international football, the seeding criteria for the big tournaments has been changed a number of times, but UEFA and FIFA have always stuck to the concept of having some sort of seeded draw for the European Championship and World Cup tournament, in order to keep the best teams apart until the later stages of the competition.

Old ranking and calculation method

It was first introduced in 2003 and used for seeding the 2004 European Final tournament and 2006 World Cup qualification. Until the end of the Euro 2008 tournament, the UEFA national team coefficient was calculated by dividing the number of all points scored (three points for a win, one for a draw) by the number of all matches played, in the last two qualification rounds of the World Cup or European Championship. Results from the final tournaments, Play-off matches and friendly games were all ignored. In those cases where a nation did not take part at one of the two latest qualifying rounds, due to being directly qualified as a host, only one qualifying round would be taken into account.

If two or more nations would end up with exactly the same coefficient, the following ranking criteria was applied:

  1. Highest coefficient from the matches played in the most recent qualifying competition.
  2. Biggest average goal difference per game -found by dividing the sum of all goal differences, with the number of ranked matches.
  3. Highest average number of goals scored per game.
  4. Highest average number of away goals scored per game.
  5. Drawing of lots.

The last three times UEFA used this simple calculation method, was for the final UEFA ranking in 2003, 2005 and 2007.

New ranking and calculation method

On 20 May 2008, UEFA announced changes to the coefficient ranking system.[1][2][3] The ranking will continue to be calculated every second year in November, but under the new system, teams now gain ranking points for each game played in the most recently completed full cycle (defined as all qualifying games and final tournament games) of both the World Cup and European Championship, with addition of ranking points for each game played at the latest completed half cycle (defined as all games played in the latest qualifying round). Ranking points for all games played inside those two and a half cycles, will be awarded according to the rules listed below.

  1. 10,000 points are awarded for each match played.
  2. For the result of each match, the team will earn an additional 30,000 for winning and 10,000 for a draw.
  3. In case of a game to be decided by penalty shoot out, the winner will gain an additional 10,000 points, beside of the points awarded for the drawn result.
  4. Each match at the final tournament, or play-offs to determine qualification, are also granted some extra bonus points; ranging from 6,000 points for all play-offs or World Cup group stage games, to 38,000 points for playing a final.
  5. Finally 501 points are earned for a goal scored, while 500 are lost for each goal conceded.
  6. Coefficients are calculated for each two and a half cycle, by dividing the sum of earned points with the number of games played.
  7. When calculating the overall average coefficient for the cycles, the latest full cycle and half cycle will each have double the weight, compared to the oldest full cycle.
  8. Special arrangements are in place for those nations, that did not participate in one of the previous qualifying tournaments, due to being host of the competition.

Final ranking in 2009

The ranking points from November 2009, to be used for the seeded draw of UEFA Euro 2012 qualification groups, was calculated for each nation by adding up:

The new official UEFA ranking was calculated for the first time in November 2009, with the following final points:[4]

Final ranking in 2011

The ranking points to be calculated November 2011, for UEFA Euro 2012 final tournament, will be found by adding up:

A preliminary UEFA Euro 2012 ranking has been calculated according to the scheme above, to show the current ranking, before the remaining Euro 2012 qualifiers are played.

Association coefficient ("League coefficient")

 
Map of UEFA countries, teams from which have reached the group stage of the UEFA Champions League
  UEFA member country that has been represented in the group stage
  UEFA member country that has not been represented in the group stage
  Not a UEFA member

The league coefficient is used to rank the leagues of Europe, and thus determine the number of clubs from a league that will participate in UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League.

The UEFA ranking determines the number of teams competing in the season after the next, not in the first season after the publication of the ranking. Thus, the rankings at the end of the 2010–11 season determine the team allocation by country in the 2012–13 (not 2011–12) European season, however, the actual teams that will be participating are determined at the end of the 2011–12 season when the individual league classifactions and national cups are finalized.

This coefficient is determined by the results of the clubs of the leagues in UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League games over the past five seasons. Two points are awarded for each win by a club, and one for a draw. Goals scored in extra time do count in determining the outcome of a game, but any Penalty shootout result does not affect the allocation of points other than the bonus points. The number of points awarded each season is divided by the number of teams that participated for that nation in that season. This number is then rounded down to three decimal places (e.g. 2 2/3 would be rounded to 2.666).

For the league coefficient the season's league coefficients for the last five seasons must be added up. In the preliminary rounds of both the Champions League and Europa League, the awarded points are halved. Bonus points are allocated for:

  • Qualifying for the Champions League group phase (4 bonus points).
  • Reaching the second round of the Champions League (5 bonus points).
  • Reaching the quarter, semi and final of either the Champions League or the Europa League (1 bonus point).

The bonus points are added to the number of points scored in a season.

Current ranking

The ranking at the end of the 2010–11 season determines the allocation in 2012–13 competitions. The rankings are as follows:[5]

Rank
2011 		Rank
2010 		Mvmt League 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 Coeff. CL places EL places Total
1 1   —   England 16.625 17.875 15.000 17.928 16.928 84.356 4 3 7
2 2   —   Spain 19.000 13.875 13.312 17.928 14.785 78.900
3 4   +1   Germany 9.500 13.500 14.333 18.083 14.833 68.603
4 3   −1   Italy 11.928 10.250 11.375 15.428 11.571 60.552 3 6
5 5   —   France 10.000 6.928 11.000 15.000 10.750 53.678
6 9   +3   Portugal 8.083 7.928 6.785 10.000 14.400 47.196
7 6   −1   Russia 6.625 11.250 9.750 6.166 10.916 44.707 2 4
8 7   −1   Ukraine 6.500 4.875 16.625 5.800 9.750 43.550
9 10   +1   Netherlands 8.214 5.000 6.333 9.416 11.000 39.963
10 11   +1   Turkey 6.100 9.750 7.000 7.600 4.600 35.050 3 5
11 12   +1   Greece 4.666 7.500 6.500 7.900 7.600 34.166
12 15   +3   Denmark 6.125 5.125 8.200 4.400 6.700 30.550
13 14   +1   Belgium 4.700 4.500 4.500 8.700 4.600 27.000
14 8   −6   Romania 11.333 2.600 2.642 6.083 3.166 25.824
15 16   +1   Scotland 6.750 10.250 1.875 2.666 3.600 25.141
16 13   −3   Switzerland 4.100 6.250 2.900 5.750 5.900 24.900 1 3 4
17 20   +3   Israel 6.000 2.375 1.750 7.250 4.625 22.000
18 18   —   Czech Republic 5.750 5.125 2.375 4.100 3.500 20.850
19 19   —   Austria 1.500 3.200 2.250 9.375 4.375 20.700
20 21   +1   Cyprus 1.750 2.666 6.333 4.250 3.125 18.124
21 17   −4   Bulgaria 5.125 2.750 2.250 3.125 4.625 17.875
22 27   +5   Croatia 1.000 3.666 4.333 3.000 4.125 16.124
23 28   +5   Belarus 1.000 1.833 4.000 3.375 5.875 16.083
24 26   +2   Poland 2.625 1.666 5.000 2.125 4.500 15.916
25 23   −2   Slovakia 2.000 2.166 4.833 2.500 3.000 14.499
26 22   −4   Norway 2.000 5.400 2.500 2.100 2.375 14.375
27 25   −2   Serbia 2.125 2.625 3.000 3.000 3.500 14.250
28 24   −4   Sweden 1.125 5.400 2.500 2.500 2.600 14.125
29 31   +2   Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.833 1.833 1.833 1.750 1.875 9.124
30 30   —   Finland 1.333 2.625 1.833 1.375 1.800 8.966
31 29   −2   Republic of Ireland 2.833 1.000 2.500 1.375 1.000 8.708
32 36   +4   Hungary 1.000 1.000 1.000 2.750 2.750 8.500
33 34   +1   Moldova 1.500 1.333 0.666 2.125 2.125 7.749
34 32   −2   Lithuania 1.833 1.500 2.500 1.250 0.625 7.708
35 33   −2   Latvia 2.166 1.333 1.166 2.250 0.500 7.415
36 37   +1   Georgia 1.166 1.000 1.166 1.750 1.875 6.957
37 38   +1   Azerbaijan 1.333 0.666 0.666 1.500 2.000 6.165
38 35   −3   Slovenia 1.250 0.666 1.333 1.375 1.500 6.124
39 40   +1   Macedonia 1.166 1.666 0.500 0.500 1.375 5.207
40 39   −1   Iceland 1.000 1.166 1.166 1.250 0.375 4.957
41 42   +1   Kazakhstan 0.666 0.750 0.833 1.250 0.875 4.374
42 41   −1   Liechtenstein1 2.000 0.500 0.000 1.000 0.500 4.000 0 1 1
43 47   +4   Montenegro 0.000 0.500 0.500 1.125 1.750 3.875 1 3 4
44 44   —   Albania 0.833 0.500 0.666 1.000 0.875 3.874
45 43   −2   Estonia 1.500 0.833 0.333 0.875 0.250 3.791
46 46   —   Wales 0.666 0.666 0.333 0.250 0.875 2.790
47 45   −2   Armenia 0.500 1.333 0.000 0.500 0.250 2.583
48 52   +4   Malta 0.166 0.000 0.000 0.750 1.500 2.416
49 49   —   Northern Ireland 0.166 0.500 0.333 0.125 1.125 2.249
50 48   −2   Faroe Islands 0.500 0.333 0.333 0.000 0.250 1.416
51 50   −1   Luxembourg 0.166 0.333 0.000 0.250 0.625 1.374
52 51   −1   Andorra 0.000 0.500 0.000 0.500 0.000 1.000 2 3
53 53   —   San Marino 0.000 0.250 0.000 0.500 0.166 0.916
  Indicates active countries which have teams still competing in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.
  Indicates countries which have no teams still competing in this year's UEFA Champions League or Europa League.

1The Liechtenstein Football Association does not organize a national league competition as it does not have the necessary amount of national clubs. As a result, the only competitor from Liechtenstein in European competitions is the Liechtenstein Cup winners, who qualify for the UEFA Europa League.

The league champions from the top 12 countries automatically enter the group stage of the competitions, whereas teams from the lower ranked countries must go through the preliminary qualification rounds.

Further information on the Liechtenstein's status and similar cases.

According to the UEFA regulations a National League needs to consist of at least eight clubs to be considered valid, otherwise no participants of such a league will be allowed to enter European competitions. There are only seven clubs that are active in Liechtenstein all of which play in the neighboring Switzerland's league competitions. Note: prior the introduction of the Welsh Premier League in 1992 Wales also had a single participant, the winner (or best placed Welsh team as several English teams also competed) of the Welsh Cup, in the European competitions.

History

Premier LeagueLa LigaSerie AFußball-BundesligaSerie AFootball League First DivisionFußball-BundesligaFootball League First DivisionLa Liga

Ranking has been published by UEFA since 1979 to identify the number of participants for each country in the UEFA Cup after the re-organization of the Inter-cities Fairs Cup in 1971. No calculation of coefficients took place prior to that. Later, for statistical purposes, various rankings were introduced to portray the history of competitions. Because the Inter-cities Fairs Cup was limited only to certain clubs and/or by invitation no coefficient calculation was necessary. According to the prorated (extended) calculation system only four leagues have succeeded in being the top European league.[6]

The table at the right shows the history of first placed teams in UEFA League Coefficients.

The next table shows the ranking of nations with respect to the total number of years leading in Europe:

Rank League Total
1   La Liga 15
2   Serie A 13
3   First Division
  Premier League 		13
4   Bundesliga 10

Club coefficient

The club coefficient is determined by the results of a club in European club competition in the last five seasons, and the league coefficient. The club coefficient is 20% of the league coefficient plus the number of points earned by the club in the five seasons. Before 2004 the contribution of the country coefficient was 50%. The points earned by a club in the preliminary rounds are not counted.[7]

The clubs get two points for a win, and one point for a draw and no points for a defeat in games of the main stage of European competitions. Qualifying round results are taken into account only for the calculation of the association's coefficient and are halved. Participation in the group stage of the UEFA Champions League is rewarded with four points and another four points rewarded for qualifying to round of 16 for both competitions. Clubs which reach the round of 16, quarterfinals,semi-finals or final of the UEFA Champions League or the quarter-finals, semi-finals or final of the UEFA Europa League are awarded an extra point for each such round.[8] Since the introduction of the UEFA Europa League, clubs participated in the qualifying round and in the play-offs of both competitions.

Round Points awarded
Champions League Europa League
Eliminated in first qualifying round 0.5 0.25
Eliminated in second qualifying round 1 0.5
Eliminated in third qualifying round – 1
Eliminated in play-offs – 1.5

Also, a guaranteed minimum of two points is introduced for the clubs which participate in the group stage of Europa League. This guaranteed minimum is not added to the points obtained by the clubs concerned during the group stage and is not taken into consideration for the calculation of the coefficient of the national association.

This ranking is used by UEFA to determine which pot the club belongs to in the preliminary and first rounds of the Champions League, and the preliminary, first and second rounds of the Europa League.

Before 1999 a number of strong teams in the UEFA Cup were seeded such that those teams do not meet in the first two rounds. To determine these teams, the sum of, the ratio of the number of points achieved to the number of games played by each team, was calculated for the past five years.

The top 25 clubs currently are as follows:[9]

Rank
2011 		Rank
2010 		Mvmt Club Country 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 Coeff.
1 2   +1 Manchester United   England 25.3250 32.5750 28.0000 28.5856 26.3856 140.871
2 1   −1 Barcelona   Spain 17.8000 27.7750 28.6625 30.5856 24.9570 129.780
3 3   — Chelsea   England 26.3250 28.5750 25.0000 22.5856 26.3856 128.871
4 6   +2 Bayern Munich   Germany 18.9000 22.7000 22.5375 30.6166 23.9666 118.720
5 5   — Liverpool   England 27.3250 24.5750 23.0000 24.5856 15.3856 114.871
6 4   −2 Arsenal   England 16.3250 21.5750 22.0000 25.5856 22.3856 107.871
7 8   +1 Internazionale   Italy 15.3855 16.0500 13.2750 34.0856 21.3142 100.110
8 13   +5 Real Madrid   Spain 17.8000 14.7750 14.6625 22.5856 26.9570 96.780
9 9   — Milan   Italy 26.3855 16.0500 14.2750 19.0856 18.3142 94.110
10 7   −3 Sevilla   Spain 28.8000 18.7750 10.6625 22.5856 11.9570 92.780
11 10   −1 Lyon   France 17.0000 13.3856 15.2000 28.0000 19.1500 92.735
12 11   −1 Werder Bremen   Germany 22.9000 15.7000 24.5375 18.6166 10.9666 92.720
13 15   +2 Porto   Portugal 14.6165 15.5855 17.3570 21.0000 20.8800 89.439
14 16   +2 Shakhtar Donetsk   Ukraine 13.3000 7.9750 29.3250 11.1600 25.9500 87.710
15 14   −1 Roma   Italy 19.3855 19.0500 16.2750 12.0856 18.3142 85.110
16 20   +4 Valencia   Spain 20.8000 9.7750 13.6624 19.5856 20.9570 84.780
17 30   +13 Tottenham Hotspur   England 21.3250 16.5750 12.0000 3.5856 24.3856 77.871
18 12   −6 Hamburg   Germany 6.9000 18.7000 24.5374 21.6166 2.9666 74.720
19 17   −2 Benfica   Portugal 17.6166 12.5856 4.3570 21.0000 18.8800 74.439
20 21   +1 CSKA Moscow   Russia 11.3250 6.2500 18.9500 21.2332 16.1832 73.941
21 22   +1 PSV Eindhoven   Netherlands 16.6428 17.0000 6.2666 13.8832 19.2000 72.992
22 23   +1 Atlético Madrid   Spain 3.8000 14.7750 17.6624 24.5856 8.9570 69.780
23 25   +2 Olympique Marseille   France 4.0000 13.3856 14.2000 17.0000 20.1500 68.735
24 18   −6 Villarreal   Spain 3.8000 15.7750 18.6624 10.5856 18.9570 67.780
25 19   −6 Bordeaux   France 11.0000 13.3856 11.2000 30.0000 2.1500 67.735
  Indicates teams still active in this year's UEFA Champions League or UEFA Europa League.
  Indicates teams from active countries in this year's UEFA Champions League or UEFA Europa League.
  Indicates teams from non-active countries in this year's UEFA Champions League or UEFA Europa League.

Top club by period

Top-ranked clubs in each 5-year period listed by year:[10]

Top-rated clubs listed by number of years as top-ranked club:

Rank Club Total
1   Real Madrid 14
2   Juventus 7
3   Barcelona 6
4   Borussia Mönchengladbach 5
5   Benfica 3
  Leeds United 3
  Ajax 3
  Bayern Munich 3
9   Liverpool 2
  Milan 2
11   Real Zaragoza 1
  Anderlecht 1
  Paris Saint-Germain 1
  Chelsea 1

References

  1. ^ "EXCO approves new coefficient system". UEFA. 20 May 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2008. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  2. ^ "New UEFA National Team Coefficient Ranking System" (PDF). UEFA. 20 May 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2008.
  3. ^ "National Team Coefficient Ranking -Technical explanation" (PDF). UEFA. October 2009.
  4. ^ "National Team Coefficients Overview" (PDF). UEFA. 19 November 2009. Retrieved 20 November 2009.
  5. ^ "UEFA Country Ranking 2011". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
  6. ^ UEFA European Cup Coefficients Database (Bert Kassies)
  7. ^ "UEFA Coefficients calculation method". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  8. ^ "FAQ". UEFA. 1 July 2005. Retrieved 14 March 2009.
  9. ^ "UEFA Team Ranking 2011". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
  10. ^ See column Team Ranking in "UEFA European Cup Coefficients Database". Bert Kassies. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=UEFA_coefficient&oldid=419452108"