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Trapping is performed with gene trap vectors whose principal element is a gene trapping cassette consisting of a promoterless reporter gene and/or selectable [[genetic marker]], flanked by an upstream 3' splice site (splice acceptor; SA) and a downstream [[transcription (genetics)|transcription]]al termination sequence ([[polyadenylation]] sequence; polyA).
When inserted into an [[intron]] of an expressed gene, the gene trap cassette is transcribed from the endogenous promoter of that gene in the form of a fusion transcript in which the exon(s) upstream of the insertion site is spliced in frame to the reporter/selectable marker gene. Since transcription is terminated prematurely at the inserted polyadenylation site, the processed fusion transcript encodes a truncated and nonfunctional version of the cellular [[protein]] and the reporter/selectable marker. Thus, gene traps simultaneously inactivate and report the expression of the trapped gene at the insertion site, and provide a [[DNA]] tag (gene trap sequence tag, GTST) for the rapid identification of the disrupted [[gene]].<ref>{{cite journal|first1=G|last1=Cobellis|first2=G|last2=Nicolaus|display-authors=etal|date=2005|title=Tagging genes with cassette-exchange sites|journal=Nucleic Acids Res|volume=33|issue=4|page=e44|pmid= 15741177|doi=10.1093/nar/gni045|pmc=552971}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|first1=S|last1=De-Zolt|first2=F|last2= Schnutgen|display-authors=etal|date=2006|title=High-throughput trapping of secretory pathway genes in mouse embryonic stem cells|journal=Nucleic Acids Res|volume=34|issue=3|page=25|pmid=16478711}}</ref>
== Access ==
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