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After the death of 7-year-old Zainab Ansari in January 2018, who was [[Rape in Pakistan|raped and killed]], there were a wave of declarations on Pakistan social media in the #MeToo style.<ref name=":492">{{Cite news|url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2018/01/metoo-spreads-to-kenya-pakistan-and-china-after-sexual-harassment-and-assault-allegations.html|title=Why the #MeToo Movement Just Took Off in Kenya, Pakistan, and China|last=Dunaway|first=Jaime|work=Slate|access-date=January 30, 2018|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129165753/https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2018/01/metoo-spreads-to-kenya-pakistan-and-china-after-sexual-harassment-and-assault-allegations.html|archivedate=January 29, 2018}}</ref> According to Pakistan's national commissioner for children and founder of help line for women, Zia Ahmed Awan, 93% of Pakistan women experience some form of sexual violence in public places in their lifetime.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1348833/93-pakistani-women-experience-sexual-violence/?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=b818032925e73220280979d7ba71e9380cd5dc25-1579596444-0-Ad_6xZppe_yNrVgWCSrgQ93DwsOOuh91s1MxrkSPSSTTPNVksPtUfgxhi8mYdxrse_DON0TTvr3V0-mY1wCNlSs7OxwDWV_OzRazdFeWbHRMvLycpBYJEnxXHa5bpouhF2dwruV1wPfQfyiO0GkZgH00VzVHjk8L5SJiV_JYtv2m6Lxyz3UgUMYTUcbfPf18hJtn6qaPvU3_1ay6ZNDBxmGc_EWyaFxR6_FEDFnjeEfpoO9J_nWnAle-veKghOcEp3AkPEgV83oFQmPZKKnVuBqffS-KQMU0i4Gk7dZmjBeMP1HGBvEqCGQ0zE0RwaTMMJdX_1qVcSyGYZQjh47hs60|title=93% of Pakistani women experience sexual violence|last=Kazi|first=Mudaser|date=March 8, 2017|work=Tribune.com.pk|access-date=21 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
According to journalist Naila Inayat, in Pakistan, women are "damned if they speak, damned if they don't". Most sexual harassment cases in Pakistan go unreported because those who do come forward are abused and their character and morality are judged. #MeToo or not, in Pakistan, the victim rather than the offender is shamed and blamed, which often results in suffering in silence.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/letter-from-pakistan/pakistan-media-support-for-metoo-ends-when-their-own-is-accused/330626/|title=Pakistan media's support for #MeToo ends when one of their own is accused|last=Inayat|first=Naila|date=2019-12-05|website=ThePrint|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-21}}</ref> According to Farah Amjad, The #MeToo movement in Pakistan "has struggled to make an impact in a deeply patriarchal country". A new generation of feminists is also pressing to change the current situation.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/153355/making-metoo-work-pakistan|title=Making #MeToo Work in Pakistan|last=Amjad|first=Farah|date=2019-03-20|work=The New Republic|access-date=2020-01-21|issn=0028-6583}}</ref>
According to Qurrat Mirza, the organizer of ''Aurat Jalsa'' (Women's meeting), a precursor to [[Aurat March|Aurat March 2020]], talking about sexual misconduct and bullying of [[Women in Pakistan|Pakistani women]] in the [[Me Too movement|MeToo movement]] often results in legal action, as defamation lawsuits are filed against victims. The cost of defending oneself against defamation prevents many women from filing cases and can result in jail time or fines.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/263003-aurat-jalsa-bullying-and-hounding-after-harassment-is-even-worse|title=Aurat Jalsa: 'Bullying and hounding after harassment is even worse'|website=www.geo.tv|language=en-US|access-date=2020-01-21}}</ref>
== Issues, allegations and cases ==
In Pakistan when the #MeToo movement began, many issues relating to sexual harassment, misconduct, and violence against Pakistani women surfaced, generating identification and discussion on the range of behaviors and roles of many alleged offenders across the media, film industry, stage, and political realm, including Pakistan's Prime Minister.<ref name=":492" /><ref name=":3" /> In addition, clergy<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=1419DAAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&dq=Patriarchy%20in%20%20Pakistan%20army&pg=PA109#v=onepage&q=Pakistan&f=false|title=Religious Fundamentalisms and the Human Rights of Women|last=Howland|first=C.|date=1999-09-03|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-230-10738-0|language=en}}</ref> charity and social welfare institutions, the judiciary, and Pakistani security establishments such as the police and military came under the spotlight of accusations.<ref name=":3" />
Pakistani women have faced frequent instances of misconduct at work. The high percentage of occurrence without adequate means for redress often leads to women's silence because they are unable to take legal action. Already facing a lack of safety and pay gap at work, women face the constant fear of losing their jobs if they choose to speak about harassment at work. For instance, 70% of the households in the fishing community are headed by women. Needing the income, they often face harassment in silence. Trade unions typically do not help, because of vaguely written laws which favor wealthy and powerful men. For example, the ''Protection Against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act, 2010'' does not even define what constitutes a workplace.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> The law also does not apply to informal workers, such as domestic service workers<ref name=":1" /> or students.<ref name="Liaquat & Farooqui" >{{cite magazine |last1=Liaquat |first1=Zoha |last2=Farooqui |first2=Mahnoor |title=Not Me, Not Yet |magazine=Newsline Magazine |date=April 2019 |url=https://newslinemagazine.com/magazine/editors-note-april-2019/ |location=Karachi, Pakistan}}</ref>
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