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You might want to learn simply [[wikipedia:how to start a page|how to start a page]], and you might want informal [[wikipedia:tips on contributing to Wikipedia|tips on contributing to Wikipedia]]. If you want the details about how to edit a Wikipedia page, though, you've come to the right place.
It's very easy to edit a Wiki page. Simply click on the "Edit
this page" link at the top or bottom of a Wiki page to change the page itself, or click on the "Other Namespaces: Talk" link at the bottom to discuss it. This will bring you to a page with a text box containing the editable text of that Wiki page.
Then type away, and press "Save" when finished! (You can also preview your changes before saving if you like.)
It is often more convenient to copy and paste the text first into your
favorite text editor, edit and spell check there, and then paste back
into the browser to preview. This way, you can also keep a local copy of the
pages you authored so that you can make changes offline and for backup purposes.
In the left column of the table below, you can see what effects are possible. In the right column, you can see how those effects were achieved. In other words, to make text look like it looks in the left column, type it in the format you see in the right column.
You may want to keep this page open in a separate browser window for reference. If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the [[wikipedia:Sandbox|Sandbox]].
<h2>Sections, Paragraphs, Lists and Lines</h2>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td>
Start your sections with header lines:
=== New Section ===
==== Subsection ====
</td>
<td><pre>
=== New Section === or <h3>New Section</h3>
==== Subsection ==== or <h4>Subsection</h4></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
A single newline
has no effect.
But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</td>
<td><pre>A single newline
has no effect.
But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>You can break lines<br>
without starting a new paragraph.</td>
<td><pre>You can break lines<br>
without starting a new paragraph.</pre></td></tr>
<tr>
<td>
* Lists are good:
** they organize material
** they look clean</td>
<td><pre>* Lists are good:
** they organize material
** they look clean</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
# Numbered lists are also good
## Very organized
## easy to follow</td>
<td><pre># Numbered lists are also good
## Very organized
## easy to follow</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
; Definition lists : lists with definitions
; item to be defined : the item's definition</td>
<td><pre>; Definition lists : lists with definitions
; item to be defined : the item's definition</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr><td valign="bottom">For mixing list types, you need to use HTML:
<ul>
<li>A numbered list:
<ol>
<li>First item
<li>Second item
</ol>
<li>more bullets
</ul></td>
<td><pre><ul>
<li>A numbered list:
<ol>
<li>First item
<li>Second item
</ol>
<li>more bullets
</ul></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
:Lines can be
::indented
:::several levels</td>
<td><pre>:Lines can be
::indented
:::several levels</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
IF (a line starts with whitespace) THEN
it will be formatted exactly as typed;
in a technical looking font;
lines won't wrap;
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* ascii art;
WARNING If you make it wide,
you force the whole page to be wide and
hence less readable. You can see this
happening on this page.
</td>
<td><pre> IF (a line starts with whitespace) THEN
it will be formatted exactly as typed;
in a technical looking font;
lines won't wrap;
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* ascii art;</pre>
WARNING If you make it wide,
you force the whole page to be wide and
hence less readable. You can see this
happening on this page.
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td><center>Text can be centered.</center></td>
<td><pre><center>Text can be centered.</center></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>A horizontal dividing line: above
----
and below.</td>
<td><pre>A horizontal dividing line: above
----
and below. Or use <hr>.</pre></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Links, URLs, Images</h2>
<table border="1">
<tr valign="top"><td>Link to the [[Wikipedia FAQ]].<br>
(First letter of target is automatically capitalized.<br>
Spaces are converted into underscores.<br>
To create a new page: start with a link to it, then click on ?.<br>
Check out the [[naming conventions]].)</td>
<td><pre>Link to the [[Wikipedia FAQ]].</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>Same target, different name: [[wikipedia FAQ|answers]].</td>
<td><pre>Same target, different name: [[Wikipedia FAQ|answers]]</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>[[The weather in London]] is a page that doesn't
exist yet.<br>
You can start it by clicking on the question mark.<br>
After creating a page, search for its title and make<br>
sure that everyone correctly links to it.</td>
<td><pre>[[The weather in London]] is a page that doesn't
exist yet.</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>Redirect one article title to another<br>
by putting text like this in its first line.</td>
<td><pre>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>External link: [http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia]</td>
<td><pre>External link: [http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia]</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.<br>
(Good idea since it makes a printout more useful.)</td>
<td><pre>Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>A picture: http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki.png <br>
To upload images, use the tool from [[special:Special_pages|Special pages]].<br>
''Do not'' link to external files on other servers unless you<br>
control that server space!</td>
<td><pre>
A picture: http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki.png</pre></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Character formatting</h2>
<table border="1">
<tr valign="top"><td>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', '''''very strongly'''''.<br>
Use also in formulas: '''F''' = ''m'' '''a'''.<br></td>
<td><pre>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', '''''very strongly'''''.
Alternatively: <i>Emphasize</i>, <b>strongly</b>
'''F''' = ''m'' '''a'''.
These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><font size="+1" color="red">Funny fonts</font><br>
But <nowiki>== ... ==</nowiki> is better for
separating sections.</td>
<td><pre><font size="+2" color="red">Funny fonts</font></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>A typewriter font for <tt>technical terms</tt>.</td>
<td><pre><tt>technical terms</tt></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>You can <strike>strike out</strike> stuff<br>
and <u>insert new stuff</u>. Useful for editing.</td>
<td><pre>You can <strike>strike out</strike> stuff
and <u>insert new stuff</u></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>Umlauts and accents: (See [[Wiki special characters]])<br>
À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ<br>
Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í<br>
Î Ï Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ<br>
Ö Ø Ù Ú Û Ü ß<br>
à á â ã ä å æ<br>
ç è é ê ë ì í<br>
î ï ñ ò ó ô õ<br>
ö ø ù ú û ü ÿ</td>
<td><pre>
&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring; &AElig;
&Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml; &Igrave; &Iacute;
&Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve; &Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde;
&Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave; &Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig;
&agrave; &aacute; &acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig;
&ccedil; &egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc; &otilde;
&ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute; &ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top><td>Punctuation: ¿ ¡ « » § ¶<br>
† ‡ • —
</td>
<td><pre>&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; &mdash;
</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>Evil stuff: ™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤</td>
<td><pre>&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;
</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub> Superscript: x<sup>2</sup></td>
<td><pre>Subscript: x<sub>2</sub> Superscript: x<sup>2</sup></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>Greek characters: α β γ δ ε ζ <br>
η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ<br>
π ρ σ ς τ υ φ<br>
χ ψ ω<br>
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π Σ<br>
Φ Ψ Ω
</td>
<td><pre>&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu; &xi;
&pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf; &tau; &upsilon; &phi;
&chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi; &Sigma;
&Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>Math characters: (See [[Wiki special characters]]) <br>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ – ± ∞<br>
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥ →<br>
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ ∇<br>
‰ ° ∴ ℵ<br>
ø ∈ ∋ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇<br>
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
</td>
<td valign="center"><pre>
&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &ndash; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge; &rarr;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime; &nabla;
&permil; &deg; &there4; &alefsym;
&oslash; &isin; &ni; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>More space than usual, no line break: x<sup>2</sup>  ≥ 0 true.<br>
This is useful in formulas.
</td>
<td><pre>
x<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ge;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0 true.
</pre></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ascii art integrals (start every line with a blank):<br>
∞ -x<sup>2</sup>
∫ e dx = √π
-∞
The square root sucks though.</td>
<td><pre> &infin; -x<sup>2</sup>
&int; e dx = &radic;&pi;
-&infin;</pre></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Tables</h2>
<table border="1">
<caption>An example table</caption>
<tr>
<th>First header</th>
<th>Second header</th>
<th>Third header</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>upper left</td>
<td>upper middle</td>
<td rowspan=2>right side</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>lower left</td>
<td>lower middle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" align="center">bottom row</td>
</tr>
</table>
<pre><table border="1">
<caption>An example table</caption>
<tr>
<th>First header</th>
<th>Second header</th>
<th>Third header</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>upper left</td>
<td>upper middle</td>
<td rowspan=2>right side</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>lower left</td>
<td>lower middle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" align="center">bottom row</td>
</tr>
</table></pre>
If your table doesn't look right, make sure that all <tr> and <td> tags are closed with corresponding </tr> and </td> tags. Do not indent lines, and do not include empty lines within a table. Otherwise, you will get spurious space above the table or even a browser crash.
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