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'''Foulden Maar''', a [[fossil]] site near [[Middlemarch, New Zealand|Middlemarch]] in [[Otago]], New Zealand, formed in a volcanic eruption 23 million years ago. The resulting [[Volcanic crater lake|crater lake]] filled with [[Diatomaceous earth|diatomite]], composed of layers of silica-shelled algae ([[diatom]]s) and exceptional fossils of plants, fishes, spiders and insects from the surrounding sub-tropical [[Miocene]] forest. As the only known [[maar]] of its kind in the Southern Hemisphere, it is one of New Zealand's pre-eminent fossil sites. A 2018 proposal to mine Foulden Maar for livestock-food additive has attracted significant public opposition.
== Etymology ==
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