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[[File:Albert Tucker Angry Penguins.jpg|thumb|upright|Cover of the December 1945 issue of ''Angry Penguins'', designed by Albert Tucker]]
'''Angry Penguins''' was an [[Australia]]n literary and artistic [[avant-garde]] movement of the 1940s. The movement was stimulated by a [[modernist]] magazine of the same name published by the [[surrealist]] poet [[Max Harris (poet)|Max Harris]], who fouedfounded the magazine in 1940, at the age of 18.
 
''Angry Penguins'' was first published in the [[South Australia]]n capital of [[Adelaide]]. The title is derived from a phrase in Harris' poem "Mithridatum of Despair": "as drunks, the angry penguins of the night", and its use as a magazine title was suggested to Harris by [[C. R. Jury]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.adelaide.edu.au/press/titles/faculty-arts/arts-ebook.pdf|title=A History of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Adelaide 1876-2012|publisher=University of Adelaide|author=Nick Harvey|accessdate=20 August 2015|display-authors=etal}}</ref> The magazine's main Adelaide rivals were the [[Jindyworobaks]], a nationalist and anti-modernist literary movement inspired by [[Indigenous Australian]] culture and the Australian [[bush ballad]] tradition. According to ''Angry Penguins'' poet [[Geoffrey Dutton]], "we stayed with [[W. B. Yeats|Yeats]], [[T. S. Eliot|Eliot]] and [[W. H. Auden|Auden]], ... and left [[Henry Lawson|Lawson]] and [[Banjo Paterson|Paterson]] to the Jindys."<ref>[[Geoffrey Dutton|Dutton, Geoffrey]]. ''Out in the Open: An Autobiography''. [[Brisbane]]: [[University of Queensland Press]], 1995. {{ISBN|0702228109}}, p. 86</ref> In 1942, Harris gained the patronage of [[John Reed (art patron)|John]] and [[Sunday Reed]] in [[Melbourne]], and the magazine subsequently moved to the couple's home at [[Heide Museum of Modern Art|Heide]] (now the [[Heide Museum of Modern Art]]).